TEXAS COURT OF APPEALS, THIRD DISTRICT, AT AUSTIN
NO. 03-13-00710-CV
K. L. M., Appellant
v.
Texas Department of Family and Protective Services, Appellee
FROM THE DISTRICT COURT OF TOM GREEN COUNTY, 340TH JUDICIAL DISTRICT
NO. C-12-0051-CPS, HONORABLE JAY K. WEATHERBY, JUDGE PRESIDING
MEMORANDUM OPINION
In April 2012, the Department of Family and Protective Services took conservatorship
of K.L.M.’s children, J.L.C. and A.A.C., Jr., after learning that the children’s half-sibling, A.H., had
died while in the care of the children’s father, A.A.C., with whom K.L.M. and the children resided.1
After a four-day trial in September 2013, the jury found that K.L.M. had endangered J.L.C. and
A.A.C., Jr., and failed to comply with the provisions of a court order setting out actions necessary
for her to regain custody; the jury also found that termination was in the children’s best interest. See
Tex. Fam. Code §§ 161.001(1)(E), (O), .001(2). On appeal, K.L.M. challenges only the legal
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The children’s father was indicted for murder of A.H., pleaded guilty to the lesser charge
of injury to a child, and was sentenced to 30 years’ imprisonment. He signed an affidavit of
relinquishment of his parental rights to J.L.C. and A.A.C., Jr., and the issue of his parental rights was
severed from this case.
sufficiency of the evidence supporting the finding that termination is in J.L.C.’s and A.A.C., Jr.’s
best interest. We affirm the trial court’s decree of termination.
DISCUSSION
In a termination case, we consider whether the Department proved, by clear and
convincing evidence, that the parent engaged in conduct that is grounds for termination and that
termination is in the children’s best interest. See id. § 161.001; In re C.H., 89 S.W.3d 17, 23 (Tex.
2002). In the present case, the only appellate challenge is to the legal sufficiency of the evidence
supporting the best-interest finding. In a legal-sufficiency challenge, we view the evidence in the
light most favorable to the jury’s verdict, assuming that the jury resolved disputed facts in favor of
its finding when reasonable to do so, and considering undisputed evidence that does not support the
jury’s findings. See In re J.F.C., 96 S.W.3d 256, 266 (Tex. 2002). We defer to the jury’s credibility
determinations and reasonable resolution of factual disputes. See In re J.P.B., 180 S.W.3d 570, 573
(Tex. 2005). When deciding the best-interest issue, we consider the Holley v. Adams factors,
keeping in mind that the list is not exhaustive and that not all of the factors must be proven. C.H.,
89 S.W.3d at 27; see Holley v. Adams, 544 S.W.2d 367, 371-72 (Tex. 1976).
At trial, the jury heard evidence of the following:2
`• J.L.C. wants to live with her foster mother, whom she refers to as “Mom.” J.L.C.
stated that her foster family loves her, takes care of her, and treats her well. J.L.C.
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The facts are known to the parties, and we therefore will not recite them in detail in this
opinion. See Tex. R. App. P. 47.1 (appellate court opinions should be as “brief as practicable”),
47.4 (memorandum opinions should be “no longer than necessary to advise the parties of the court’s
decision and the basic reasons for it”).
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stated that she would not want to see K.L.M. or K.L.M.’s mother even if she were to
remain living with her foster family.
• K.L.M. allowed the children to live with A.A.C., who used drugs in their presence,
took them with him when he was transacting drug deals, and was continually violent
toward K.L.M. for a period of at least five years. There was evidence presented that
A.A.C. repeatedly committed serious acts of violence against K.L.M. in the
children’s presence, and K.L.M. acknowledged that J.L.C. was traumatized by what
she had witnessed. K.L.M. admitted that A.A.C. supported them by selling drugs,
and that she knew about it and assisted him in drug deals.
• J.L.C. and A.A.C., Jr. had been left in A.A.C.’s care during the time immediately
preceding the death of their half-sibling.
• K.L.M. testified that it was dangerous for the children to remain in a “drug house”
and for them to be driven in A.A.C.’s car while he was under the influence of drugs.
She also testified that she and A.A.C. engaged in conduct that resulted in their
arrests, which also put the children in danger.
• Although K.L.M. completed many of the counseling and parenting sessions, she
continued to associate with at least one person who used drugs and was involved in
a relationship involving domestic violence. Although K.L.M. denied being in a
romantic relationship currently, when using social media she referred to a man as
her “babe.”
• Although she did not articulate how, K.L.M. professed that she would be a protective
parent. Her testimony regarding her plans for J.L.C. and A.A.C., Jr., should they be
returned to her, was vague. Moreover, K.L.M. testified that the apartment she
currently lives in does not permit children to live with her. K.L.M. began full-time
employment just one month before trial, and although she graduated from
cosmetology school in April 2013, she had yet to take the exam necessary to obtain
a license.
• J.L.C. and A.A.C, Jr.’s foster family would like to adopt the children if K.L.M.’s
parental rights are terminated.
• K.L.M. testified that if the children are returned to her she plans to get a bigger
apartment but has not done anything to initiate the application process.
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On appeal, K.L.M. acknowledges the severity in both the nature and duration of the dangerous
environment she exposed her children to while living with an abusive, violent drug dealer who
ultimately was imprisoned after pleading guilty to child endangerment because one of J.L.C.’s and
A.A.C., Jr.’s half-siblings died while in his care. She maintains, however, that she is no longer using
or selling drugs, has a safe place to live (albeit one in which her children would not be permitted to
live), and is no longer in an abusive relationship. K.L.M. testified that she suffers from depression
that has gone as high as “eight” on a scale of one to ten. The Department caseworker testified that
the Department is concerned that K.L.M. has not been honest or compliant in performing her
required services and that K.L.M. has disclaimed responsibility for the circumstances resulting in
the removal of her children.
We conclude that based on the evidence presented at trial, along with K.L.M.’s
tendency to give inconsistent testimony, the jury could have reasonably formed a firm belief or
conviction that the termination of K.L.M’s parental rights was in the children’s best interest. See
Holley, 544 S.W.2d at 372; L.Z. v. Texas Dep’t of Family & Protective Servs., No. 03-12-00113-CV,
2012 WL 3629435, at *10-11 (Tex. App.—Austin Aug. 23, 2012, no pet.) (mem. op.) (father
attempted to comply with service plan but did not complete all required tasks and had history
of instability, domestic violence, and criminal activity, and Department planned to have
child’s foster family adopt him); see also B.D.H. v. Texas Dep’t of Family & Protective Servs.,
No. 03-13-00374-CV, 2013 WL 6002856, at *4 (Tex. App.—Austin Nov. 5, 2013, pet. filed) (mem.
op.) (“[I]n considering the best interests of the child, ‘evidence of a recent turn-around in behavior
by the parent does not totally offset evidence of a pattern of instability and harmful behavior in the
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past.’” (quoting Smith v. Texas Dep’t of Protective & Regulatory Servs., 160 S.W.3d 673, 681 (Tex.
App.—Austin 2005, no pet.))). We hold that the evidence is legally sufficient to support the jury’s
best-interest finding.
CONCLUSION
We affirm the trial court’s order of termination.
_____________________________________________
J. Woodfin Jones, Chief Justice
Before Chief Justice Jones, Justices Pemberton and Rose
Affirmed
Filed: March 13, 2014
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