Whorf v. Commissioner

USCA1 Opinion




June 23, 1992 [NOT FOR PUBLICATION]










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No. 92-1479




KARL J. WHORF,

Plaintiff, Appellant,

v.

COMMISSIONER, DEPARTMENT OF CORRECTIONS,
MASSACHUSETTS, ET AL.,

Defendants, Appellees.

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APPEAL FROM THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

FOR THE DISTRICT OF MASSACHUSETTS

[Hon. A. David Mazzone, U.S. District Judge]
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Before

Breyer, Chief Judge,
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Campbell, Senior Circuit Judge,
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and Cyr, Circuit Judge.
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Karl J. Whorf pro se on Application for Certificate of
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Probable Cause.



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Per Curiam. The district court dismissed petitioner's
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habeas corpus petition on the ground that petitioner was not

"in custody" and denied a certificate of probable cause.

Petitioner now seeks a certificate of probable cause to

appeal the dismissal.

Since petitioner's application challenged a fully

discharged sentence, we agree with the district court and

deny the certificate.

The relevant facts are as follows:

In November, 1978, petitioner received a twenty year

sentence to M.C.I., Concord, for armed robbery while masked

(the "Concord sentence"). He was granted parole from this

Concord sentence in January, 1980. In December, 1980, a

parole violation warrant issued.

In February, 1981, petitioner was indicted for three

armed robberies and assault with a dangerous weapon. He

pleaded guilty and, as entered in the mittimus on April 2,

1981, was sentenced to serve three concurrent five to ten

year terms at M.C.I., Walpole (now Cedar Junction) "from and

after sentences now serving," (the "Walpole sentences"). A

fourth sentence was suspended. At the time of petitioner's

commitment to M.C.I., Walpole, the parole violation warrant

from the Concord sentence was lodged against him as a

detainer.





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On December 15, 1988, petitioner moved to "correct" his

Walpole sentences with the objective of eliminating the

continuing vitality of the Concord sentence. Judge Abrams

(who had originally imposed the Walpole sentences) ordered

the mittimus "corrected" to read, "five to ten

years...forthwith from the sentence imposed on November 30,

1978 to M.C.I., Concord, nunc pro tunc as of April 2, 1981.".

The judge's "corrected sentences" were intended to have the

effect of extinguishing the time remaining to be served on

the petitioner's previous Concord conviction.

The state appealed. The Massachusetts Appeals Court

reversed and ordered the original mittimus reinstated, on the

grounds that Mass. R. Crim. P. 30(a) could not be used to

correct a misunderstanding by the judge of the consequences

of his action. Judge Abrams once again ordered the record

corrected, now under Mass. R. Crim. P. 42. The state again

sought review, now by writ of certiorari to the Supreme

Judicial Court. That court vacated the second "corrected"

sentence, again reinstating the original mittimus, on the

grounds that under Massachusetts law the judge's nunc pro

tunc correction was unlawful in that "a forthwith sentence to

state prison could not terminate or extinguish the

defendant's previously imposed sentence...".

In the meantime, the Walpole sentences were fully

discharged on March 2, 1989. The instant application for



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habeas corpus is directed at these Walpole sentences, raising

a variety of challenges to the underlying conviction and the

validity of petitioner's plea to the original indictments.

Under Maleng v. Cook, 490 U.S. 488 (1989), "once the
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sentence imposed for a conviction has completely expired, the

collateral consequences of that conviction are not themselves

sufficient to render an individual 'in custody' for the

purposes of a habeas attack upon it". Id. at 492.
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Accordingly, petitioner's application for a certificate

of probable cause to appeal is denied. Nothing herein

prevents petitioner from filing a new petition directed at

the Concord sentence, or any other sentence, provided he is

still "in custody" under it.

So ordered.
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