Martinez v. Anglero

USCA1 Opinion









December 23, 1992

UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS

FOR THE FIRST CIRCUIT

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No. 92-1256

HERIBERTO AYALA-MARTINEZ,

Plaintiff, Appellant,

v.

HUMBERTO ANGLERO, ET AL.,

Defendants, Appellees.

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APPEAL FROM THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

FOR THE DISTRICT OF PUERTO RICO

[Hon. Jaime Pieras, Jr., U.S. District Judge]
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Before

Torruella, Circuit Judge,
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Campbell, Senior Circuit Judge,
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and Brody,* District Judge.
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Federico Lora-L pez for appellant.
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Anabelle Rodr guez, Solicitor General, with whom Reina Col n
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de Rodr guez, Deputy Solicitor General and Carlos Lugo-Fiol,
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Assistant Solicitor General, were on brief for appellee
Wadalberto Matos-Burgos.



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* Of the District of Maine, sitting by designation.














TORRUELLA, Circuit Judge. Appellant Heriberto Ayala
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Mart nez ("Ayala") appeals from a summary judgment dismissing his

lawsuit. In his complaint, Ayala alleged that Police Officer

Wadalberto Matos Burgos ("Matos") violated his constitutional

rights under the Due Process Clause of the Fifth and Fourteenth

Amendments and sought damages under 42 U.S.C. 1983 (" 1983").

We affirm the summary judgment on the malicious prosecution claim

and remand the rest of the case for further proceedings in the

district court.

BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
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On June 30, 1989, at approximately 11:00 p.m., Matos

stopped Ayala for driving through a red light, and gave him a

sobriety test. Matos contends that this test revealed that Ayala

had been drinking alcohol.

After this test, Matos took Ayala to the police

station, where Ayala alleges that, in the presence of Matos,

Sergeant Angler and several other police officers battered him.

Ayala has since won judgment against Sergeant Angler for denying

Ayala's civil rights in violation of 1983 and the Fourth and

Fourteenth Amendments of the United States Constitution. It is

unclear from the record whether Ayala accused Matos of

participating in the beating. Matos contends that after the

altercation, Ayala refused to submit to a chemical alcohol test.

Matos filed criminal charges against Ayala for

obstruction of justice, aggravated assault, driving under the

influence of alcohol, and failing to submit to a chemical alcohol

test. The magistrate found that Matos had probable cause to















arrest Ayala for failure to submit to a chemical alcohol test and

driving while under the influence of alcohol, but no probable

cause with respect to obstruction of justice and aggravated

assault. At trial, Ayala was found innocent on the failure to

submit and driving under the influence charges.

Ayala initially sued both Matos and Sergeant Angler

for malicious prosecution. He then moved to amend his complaint.

His amended complaint added to his initial complaint charges of

conspiracy, false arrest and excessive use of force.

We cannot determine from the district court's opinion

whether it granted or denied Ayala's amended complaint. In its

opinion, the court granted summary judgment to Matos and at the

same time said that it granted Ayala's motion to amend his

complaint, erroneously commenting that the amendment's only

addition to the complaint consisted of adding the name of

Sergeant Angler 's wife. Additionally, in granting summary

judgment, it discussed only the malicious prosecution count

without mentioning the three additional counts that the amended

complaint added.

We affirm the district court's summary judgment with

respect to the malicious prosecution claim, and remand the rest

of the case to the district court for a clarification of whether

it granted the amended complaint, and for a ruling on the three

additional claims set forth in Ayala's amended complaint in the

event that it did.




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SUMMARY JUDGMENT
SUMMARY JUDGMENT
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A moving party is entitled to summary judgment if there

is no genuine issue of material fact, and that party is entitled

to judgment as a matter of law. Griggs-Ryan v. Smith, 904 F.2d
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112, 115 (1st Cir. 1990) (quoting Fed. R. Civ. P. 56(c)). Our

review of summary judgments is plenary, and we look at all of the

facts on the record and draw all inferences in the light most

favorable to the non-moving party. Id.
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MALICIOUS PROSECUTION
MALICIOUS PROSECUTION
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Ayala contends that Matos maliciously prosecuted him in

violation of 1983. Specifically, he claims that Matos

"knowing[ly] and maliciously falsified evidence in order to

initiate proceedings against [him] . . . ." Plaintiff's First

Amended Complaint at 5.

A federal constitutional claim under 1983 based on

malicious prosecution requires conduct so egregious and

conscience shocking that it violates the plaintiff's due process

rights. Torres v. Superintendent of Police of Puerto Rico, 893
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F.2d 404, 409 (1st Cir. 1990).

To constitute a violation of due process, a malicious

prosecution must either result in a deprivation of life, liberty,

or property, or violate another constitutional right. Id. See
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also Albright v. Oliver, 975 F.2d 343, 347 (7th Cir. 1992). For
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example, if a defendant prosecuted a plaintiff due to race, or in

order to prevent free speech, then the malicious prosecution

wouldgenerate a constitutional claim. See Torres,893 F.2d at 409.
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Viewing the facts in the light most favorable to Ayala,

the motions and evidence reflect that: several police officers

beat Ayala without physical provocation; Matos was present during

the beating and might have participated; Matos then fabricated

several charges against Ayala in order to justify the injuries

that Ayala received.

While these facts, if true, are clearly morally

repugnant and might well support a claim for malicious

prosecution under Puerto Rican tort law, they fail to meet the

standards of a malicious prosecution claim under 1983. T h e

evidence fails to show that Matos prosecuted Ayala for racial or

political motivation, or otherwise deprived him of equal

protection. In addition, Ayala's detention was part of a lawful

arrest for driving while under the influence of alcohol, and the

magistrate quickly dismissed the questionable charges that Matos

brought. Thus, the malicious prosecution did not cause the

deprivation of Ayala's life, liberty, or property.

Because Ayala suffered no due process violation, Matos

is entitled to a judgment as a matter of law on the malicious

prosecution claim.

We remand the rest of the case for a clarification of

whether the district court granted Ayala's amended complaint, and

for a ruling on the amended complaint's three additional claims

in the event that it did.

Affirmed in part; remanded in part.
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