United States v. Reyes De La Cruz

USCA1 Opinion




[NOT FOR PUBLICATION]
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE FIRST CIRCUIT




____________________


No. 95-1499

UNITED STATES,
Appellee,

v.

SANTOS REYES-DE LA CRUZ, A/K/A SANTOS REYES-CRUZ, A/K/A,
ANTONIO GERMAN
Defendant, Appellant.


____________________

APPEAL FROM THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT

FOR THE DISTRICT OF PUERTO RICO


[Hon. Hector M. Laffitte, U.S. District Judge] ___________________

____________________

Before

Torruella, Chief Judge. ___________
Boudin and Lynch, Circuit Judges. ______________


____________________


Benicio Sanchez Rivera, Federal Public Defender, and Gustavo A. _______________________ __________
Gelpi, Assistant Federal Public Defender, on brief for appellant. _____
Guillermo Gil, United States Attorney, Jose A. Quiles-Espinosa, ______________ _______________________
Senior Litigation Counsel, Ernesto Hernandez-Milan, Assistant United _______________________
States Attorney, and Nelson Perez-Sosa, Assistant United States __________________
Attorney, on brief for appellee.


____________________

October 6, 1995
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Per Curiam. Appellant-defendant Santos Reyes de la Cruz __________

appeals on the sole ground that the district court erred in

denying his motion for a downward departure from the

guideline sentencing range pursuant to 4A1.3 of the United

States Sentencing Guidelines (U.S.S.G.). "It is by now

axiomatic that a criminal defendant cannot ground an appeal

on a sentencing court's discretionary decision not to depart

below the guideline sentencing range." United States v. ______________

Pierro, 32 F.3d 611, 619 (1st Cir. 1994), cert. denied, ___ ______ ____ ______

U.S ___, 115 S.Ct. 919 (1995). There is appellate

jurisdiction, however, "where the decision not to depart is

based on the sentencing court's assessment of its lack of

authority or power to depart." United States v. Morrison, 46 _____________ ________

F.3d 127, 130 (1st Cir. 1995).

In determining whether the sentencing court

mistakenly believed it lacked authority to depart or "merely

refused to exercise its discretionary power to depart, we

consider the totality of the record and the sentencing

court's actions reflected therein." Morrison, 46 F.3d at 130. ________

The transcript from the sentencing hearing, considered in its

entirety, indicates that the district court was well aware of

its authority to depart pursuant to U.S.S.G. 4A1.3.

The judge read aloud the relevant paragraph from

that section which authorizes departures where a defendant's

criminal history category "significantly over-represents the



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seriousness of a defendant's criminal history . . . ." He

then concluded that such circumstances were not present in

this case. That determination was an exercise of his

discretion and is not reviewable on appeal. See Pierro, 32 ___ ______

F.3d at 619 (explaining that where a judge concludes that

"'this circumstance of which [the defendant] speak[s] has not

been shown to exist in this case,'" no appeal lies.).

The sentencing judge's statements that, absent the

guidelines, he would have imposed a less harsh sentence do

not reveal a misapprehension about his authority to depart.

Rather, they represent his correct understanding that he is

restrained by the guidelines in sentencing the defendant.

We lack jurisdiction to review the district court's

refusal to depart. Therefore, the appeal is dismissed. Loc. _________

R. 27.1.























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