United States v. Romero, Ricardo

In the United States Court of Appeals For the Seventh Circuit ____________ No. 05-3681 U NITED S TATES OF A MERICA, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. R ICARDO R OMERO , Defendant-Appellant. ____________ Appeal from the United States District Court for the Western District of Wisconsin. No. 04 CR 164—Barbara B. Crabb, Chief Judge. ____________ On Remand from the Supreme Court of the United States ____________ S UBMITTED F EBRUARY 29, 2008—D ECIDED JUNE 6, 2008 ____________ Before F LAUM, K ANNE, and SYKES, Circuit Judges. K ANNE, Circuit Judge. The Supreme Court granted Ricardo Romero’s petition for writ of certiorari, vacated our judgment, and remanded the case to us for recon- sideration in light of Kimbrough v. United States, 128 S. Ct. 558 (2007). Romero was sentenced to 151 months’ impris- onment after a jury found him guilty of one count of conspiring to distribute cocaine, see 21 U.S.C. §§ 841(a)(1), 846, one count of possessing five grams or more of co- 2 No. 05-3681 caine base with intent to distribute, see id. § 841(a)(1), and one count of possessing cocaine with intent to distribute, see id. At sentencing, Romero urged the district court to refrain from applying the 100-to-1 crack cocaine to powder cocaine ratio found in § 2D1.1 of the Sentencing Guide- lines, which subjects a crack-cocaine drug trafficker “to the same sentence as one dealing in 100 times more powder cocaine.” Kimbrough, 128 S. Ct. at 564. The district court applied the ratio and sentenced Romero to 151 months’ imprisonment. On appeal, Romero challenged the sufficiency of the evidence at trial, the district court’s refusal to allow cross- examination of one witness regarding a prior incon- sistent statement, and the district court’s application of the 100-to-1 ratio. We affirmed. See United States v. Romero, 469 F.3d 1139, 1153 (7th Cir. 2006). The Supreme Court granted Romero’s petition for certiorari in light of Kimbrough, and vacated the judgment. Because Kimbrough affects only one of the three arguments Romero raised on appeal, our dispositions of the other issues are reinstated, id. at 1151-53, and our affirmance of Raul Romero’s sen- tence remains intact (Ricardo’s co-defendant and brother), id. at 1148-49. See Ohse v. Hughes, 863 F.2d 22, 24 (7th Cir. 1988) (“The Court’s decision in Ohse v. Hughes is reinstated except for the final section of the Court’s opin- ion which is designated “Miscellaneous.” The section designated “Miscellaneous” remains vacated pursuant to the Supreme Court’s memorandum decision . . . .” (internal citations omitted)). When the district court sentenced Romero in September 2005, we had already held that defendants were not “entitled to a deviation from the statutory ratio.” United States v. Miller, 450 F.3d 270, 275 (7th Cir. 2006) (reciting the No. 05-3681 3 holding of United States v. Gipson, 425 F.3d 335 (7th Cir. 2005)). In Romero’s appeal, we explained that a “ ‘district judge is required to abide by the 100:1 crack cocaine to cocaine powder ratio when applying the Sentencing Guidelines to a defendant’s conduct.’ ” Romero, 469 F.3d at 1153 (quoting United States v. Hankton, 463 F.3d 626, 629 (7th Cir. 2006)). Our stance was rejected in Kimbrough, in which the Supreme Court held that the cocaine guide- lines are like all other sentencing guidelines and thus “are advisory only.” 128 S. Ct. at 564. Because Romero preserved his challenge to the crack- cocaine ratio, we may simply vacate his sentence and remand to the district court for resentencing. See United States v. Padilla, No. 06-4370, slip op. at 12-16 (7th Cir. Mar. 31, 2008); but cf. United States v. Taylor, No. 06-4123, slip op. at 4-6 (7th Cir. Mar. 26, 2008) (outlining remand approach applicable in plain error context). The district court must resentence Romero in light of the non-manda- tory nature of the 100-to-1 ratio. See Kimbrough, 128 S. Ct. at 564. Even though we are vacating the sentence and Romero will be sentenced anew, the district court must apply the guidelines as they existed at the time of his first sentencing, see 18 U.S.C. § 3742(g); United States v. Sriram, 482 F.3d 956, 961 (7th Cir. 2007), vacated, Sriram v. United States, 128 S. Ct. 1134, 1134 (2008), reinstated, United States v. Sriram, Nos. 05-2752 & 05-2802, slip op. at 2 (7th Cir. Apr. 23, 2008). But this time around, the district court will view those guidelines through the lens of Kimbrough. Romero’s sentence is V ACATED and the case is R EMANDED to the district court for resentencing. USCA-02-C-0072—6-6-08