Keith Washington v. United States

In the United States Court of Appeals For the Seventh Circuit ____________ No. 08-2787 KEITH WASHINGTON, Applicant, v. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, Respondent. ____________ On Motion for an Order Authorizing the District Court to Entertain a Second or Successive Motion for Collateral Review. ____________ SUBMITTED JULY 17, 2008—DECIDED AUGUST 8, 2008 ____________ Before RIPPLE, MANION and KANNE, Circuit Judges. PER CURIAM. Keith Washington has filed an applica- tion pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 2244(b)(3), seeking authoriza- tion to file a successive collateral attack under section 2255. Mr. Washington pleaded guilty to three counts of bank robbery and was sentenced in Novem- ber 2005 to 108 months’ imprisonment. Consistent with the terms of his plea agreement, he did not appeal. In April 2008, he filed a motion to amend his sentence, citing Federal Rule of Criminal Procedure 52(b) as the source of the court’s power to recalculate his sentence; he 2 No. 08-2787 argued it ought to do so because the court erroneously relied on the PSR’s recommendation to increase his offense level under U.S.S.G. § 3C1.2 (endangerment during flight) and U.S.S.G. § 5K2.21 (dismissed conduct) for the same act. The district court denied Mr. Washington’s motion. Washington v. United States, No. 05 CR 396 (N.D. Ill.) (Order of June 13, 2008). It set forth Mr. Washington’s claims and then simply stated that “Washington’s motion there- fore is an improperly filed motion under 28 U.S.C. § 2255.” Id. Alternatively, the court held that the motion is an improper attempt to appeal the sentence. The court con- cluded that “in either event, Washington waived his right to challenge his sentence,” id., and denied the mo- tion. Mr. Washington sought reconsideration, which the district court held was unavailable under the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure. Id. (Order of July 8, 2008). Mr. Washington did not appeal that order but, on July 17, filed this section 2244(b) application arguing two constitu- tional claims: ineffective assistance of counsel and involun- tary waiver of his rights to appeal and collateral review. Mr. Washington’s original motion to the district court was not a mislabeled motion under section 2255: it did not present a claim to relief arising under section 2255(a) because it did not present a constitutional claim against his conviction or sentence. See United States v. Evans, 224 F.3d 670, 673-74 (7th Cir. 2000) (“A bona fide motion for a new trial falls outside § 2255 ¶1 because it does not con- tend that the conviction or sentence violates the Constitu- tion or any statute.”). Even if it had, the district court did not properly warn Mr. Washington that it was construing his motion as one under section 2255 as required by Castro v. United States, 540 U.S. 375 (2003), and, thus, the motion cannot count as Mr. Washington’s first collateral attack. It No. 08-2787 3 therefore does not subject Mr. Washington to the preapproval mechanism of section 2244(b), and Mr. Washington has not filed any other postjudgment motions that would do so. Accordingly, we construe Mr. Washington’s application as a notice of appeal and forward it to the clerk for the United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois for filing as of July 17, 2008, in case number 05 CR 396. 8-8-08