Opinions of the United
2005 Decisions States Court of Appeals
for the Third Circuit
9-19-2005
Lyons-Timmons v. Comm Social Security
Precedential or Non-Precedential: Non-Precedential
Docket No. 04-4438
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NOT PRECEDENTIAL
THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE THIRD CIRCUIT
Case No: 04-4438
HOPE LYONS-TIMMONS,
Appellant
v.
JOANNE B. BARNHART,
COMMISSIONER OF SOCIAL SECURITY
On Appeal from the United States District Court
for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania
D.C. No. 03-cv-06856
District Judge: The Honorable John P. Fullam
Submitted Pursuant to Third Circuit LAR 34.1(a)
September 16, 2005
Before: SLOVITER, BARRY, and SMITH, Circuit Judges
(Filed September 19, 2005)
OPINION OF THE COURT
SMITH, Circuit Judge.
Hope Lyons-Timmons appeals from the District Court’s order affirming the
decision of the Commissioner of Social Security denying her application for disability
benefits under Title II of the Social Security Act.1 Our review “is identical to that of the
District Court, namely to determine whether there is substantial evidence to support the
Commissioner’s decision.” Plummer v. Apfel, 186 F.3d 422, 427 (3d Cir. 1999).
Substantial evidence is “more than a mere scintilla. It means such relevant evidence as a
reasonable mind might accept as adequate to support a conclusion.” Richardson v.
Perales, 402 U.S. 389, 401 (1971) (internal quotation marks and citation omitted).
Lyons-Timmons taught high school science in the Philadelphia School District for
years. She stopped teaching in 1999 when she was dealing with her mother’s declining
health. In July of that year, while trying to fix the fan belt of her car, Lyons-Timmons lost
the tips of the middle fingers of her right hand. Surgical treatment was successful and
there were no complications. Thereafter, Lyons-Timmons complained of some stiffness
and soreness.
Subsequently, in September 2001, Lyon-Timmons applied for disability benefits
citing not only the limitations imposed by the loss of her fingertips, but also anxiety and
stress. Although her treating psychologists Dr. Bell and Dr. Kaiser provided medical
opinions that she had psychological limitations, the ALJ discounted those opinions in
favor of the testimony of Dr. Cohen, an independent medical expert who reviewed her
records and testified at the hearing that Lyons-Timmons did not have a severe mental
impairment.
1
The District Court exercised jurisdiction pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1331, and 42 U.S.C.
§ 405(g). Appellate jurisdiction exists under 28 U.S.C. § 1291.
2
The ALJ discussed Dr. Cohen’s testimony in detail and she fully credited his
opinion, citing several reasons: (1) his status as a board-certified psychiatrist; (2) his
extensive experience; (3) his review of all the medical evidence of record; (4) his
presence during Lyons-Timmons’ testimony; (5) his own familiarity with the Social
Security regulations and the criteria for determining disability and one’s residual
functional capacity; (6) his opinion was “well-explained, well-grounded in the treating
and examining medical source documentation and essentially consistent with all other
relevant mental health source statements”; (7) his opinion was not substantially
contradicted by other medical evidence except Dr. Bell’s opinion; (8) his opinion was not
challenged by counsel during the hearing; and (9) the fact that Dr. Kaiser and Dr. Bell are
psychologists, in contrast to Dr. Cohen’s status as a board certified psychiatrist.
Consistent with Dr. Cohen’s opinion, the ALJ concluded that Lyons-Timmons did not
have a severe mental impairment and that her only physical impairment was the
amputation of the fingertips on her dominant hand.
This physical impairment, the vocational expert testified, limited Lyons-Timmons’
fine motor movement in fingering and handling. As a result, the vocational expert opined
that Lyons-Timmons was unable to perform her past relevant work as a science teacher.
Lyons-Timmons was not precluded, however, from performing other work in the national
economy identified by the vocational expert. The ALJ credited the vocational expert’s
testimony and concluded that Lyons-Timmons was not disabled under the Social Security
3
Act.
Lyons-Timmons appealed to the District Court. After cross-motions for summary
judgment were filed, the Magistrate Judge recommended granting the Commissioner’s
motion for summary judgment. The District Court adopted the Magistrate Judge’s report
and recommendation as the opinion of the Court. This timely appeal followed.
Here, Lyons-Timmons complains for the first time that the ALJ erred by failing to
attach a psychiatric review technique form to her decision. We need not address this
contention because it was not raised below. See Bacon v. Sullivan, 969 F.2d 1517, 1521
(3d Cir. 1992); Newark Morning Ledger Co. v. United States, 539 F.2d 929, 932 (3d Cir.
1976) ( “We generally refuse to consider issues that are raised for the first time on
appeal.”). Nonetheless, we agree with the Commissioner that changes in procedure
eliminated the requirement that the form be attached; the regulations direct instead that
the matter be discussed in the ALJ’s decision. See 20 C.F.R. § 404.1520a (2000). The
ALJ satisfied this directive, discussing at length Lyons-Timmons’ ability to perform her
activities of daily living, to function socially, to concentrate and to persist at a consistent
pace, and the extent to which she experienced any episodes of decompensation. The
conclusion that Lyons-Timmons did not have a severe mental impairment was consistent
with the record and with Dr. Cohen’s opinion that she was able to concentrate and to
carry out simple instructions. As the Magistrate Judge observed, the regulations indicate
that a severe impairment must interfere with the basic work activities of understanding,
4
carrying out and remembering simple instructions; using judgment; responding
appropriately to the work environment; and dealing with changes in a work setting. See
20 C.F.R. § 404.1521. The opinions of Dr. Kaiser and Dr. Cohen support the conclusion
that plaintiff did not have a limitation interfering with these basic activities.
Lyons-Timmons also contends that the ALJ erred in rejecting the opinion of Dr.
Bell and by crediting Dr. Cohen’s opinion. We find no error here, either.
A treating physician’s opinion deserves great weight because that opinion
“reflect[s] expert judgment based on a continuing observation of the patient’s condition
over a prolonged period of time.” Plummer, 186 F.3d at 429 (internal quotations marks
and citation omitted). This does not mean, however, that a
statement by a plaintiff’s treating physician supportive of an assertion that
he is disabled or unable to work is . . . dispositive of the issue. The ALJ
must review all the medical findings and other evidence presented in
support of the attending physician’s opinion of total disability. In doing so,
the ALJ must weigh the relative worth of a treating physician’s report
against the reports submitted by other physicians who have examined the
[plaintiff].
Adorno v. Shalala, 40 F.3d 43, 47-48 (3d Cir. 1994) (internal quotation marks omitted).
After reviewing all of the evidence, the ALJ may discount a physician’s opinion of
disability which is not supported by medical evidence, Plummer, 186 F.3d at 429 (citing
Newhouse v. Heckler, 753 F.2d 283, 286 (3d Cir.1985)), or may reject a physician’s
opinion outright if it is contradicted by other medical evidence. Plummer, 186 F.3d at
429; Frankenfield v. Bowen, 861 F.2d 405, 408 (3d Cir.1988).
5
Here, the ALJ did not err in discounting Dr. Bell’s opinions. The ALJ explained
that Dr. Bell’s opinion that Lyons-Timmons could not sustain her attention or tolerate
stress and concentrate was inconsistent with Dr. Cohen’s observations about her ability to
function mentally and the record evidence regarding Lyons-Timmons’ activities.
Moreover, as the ALJ pointed out, Dr. Bell’s assessment that Lyons-Timmons was unable
to tolerate day-to-day pressures was inconsistent with Dr. Bell’s own assessment that
Lyons-Timmons’ GAF was 60.2 Dr. Cohen explained that this score indicated only a
“mild impairment” and “means it’s really somebody that’s functioning at a very good
level.”
Lyons-Timmons also asserts that the ALJ erred by discrediting her testimony that
she was unable to tolerate stress. The ALJ did not err in this regard, as she credited
Lyons-Timmons’ testimony to the extent it was consonant with Dr. Cohen’s opinion,
which was based on not only his review of the entire medical record, but also Lyons-
Timmons’ testimony at the hearing.
In sum, we conclude that there is substantial evidence to support the ALJ’s
decision denying Lyons-Timmons’ application for benefits. We will affirm the judgment
of the District Court.
2
GAF is an acronym which refers to an individual’s score on the Global Assessment of
Functioning Scale. American Psychiatric Association, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual
of Mental Disorders 32 (4th ed. Text Revision 2000). The scale is used to report the
“clinician’s judgment of the individual’s overall level of functioning” in light of his
psychological, social and occupational limitations. Id.
6