Affirmed and Opinion Filed March 17, 2014
S In The
Court of Appeals
Fifth District of Texas at Dallas
No. 05-11-01708-CV
HAL RACHAL, JR., Appellant
V.
LYNDA L. LETKIEWICZ AND RHONDA GAYLE FOSTER, Appellees
On Appeal from the Probate Court No. 2
Dallas County, Texas
Trial Court Cause No. PR-09-2413-2
MEMORANDUM OPINION
Before Justices FitzGerald, Fillmore, and Evans
Opinion by Justice FitzGerald
Appellant, pro se, appeals the trial court’s judgment awarding damages and imposing a
constructive trust. In two issues, appellant appears to argue that the trial court erred in imposing a
constructive trust and the commingling doctrine does not apply. We affirm the trial court’s
judgment.
Lynda L. Letkiewicz, individually and as successor trustee of the Mary Louise Cornell
Trust (the “Trust”) and Rhonda Gail Foster (together, “Plaintiffs”) sued Hal Rachal for breach of
fiduciary duty, conversion, fraud, defalcation, and misapplication of fiduciary funds. Appellant
appeared pro se, and upon the conclusion of trial, the trial court awarded judgment against
appellant and in favor of Plaintiffs in the amount of $524,242.93. The judgment further provided
that Rachal comingled assets with his own, and therefore all transfers of funds to brokerage
accounts, bank account balances and funds held in the name of Rachal or Rachal and Associates
or Rachal & Associates should be held in constructive trust and an equitable lien imposed for the
benefit of Plaintiffs on certain specified assets, including a residence located at 10555 Pagewood,
Dallas, Texas (the “Residence”).
In two issues, appellant complains about the imposition of a constructive trust on the
Residence and the application of the commingling doctrine. Appellant is pro se before this Court.
We hold pro se litigants to the same standards as licensed attorneys and require them to comply
with applicable laws and rules of procedure. Mansfield State Bank v. Cohn, 573 S.W.2d 181,
184–85 (Tex. 1978); Strange v. Continental Cas. Co., 126 S.W.3d 676, 678 (Tex. App.—Dallas
2004, pet. denied). The rules of appellate procedure require a party’s brief to contain a “clear and
concise argument” for the party’s contentions and “appropriate citations to authorities and to the
record.” TEX. R. APP. P. 38.1(i). A party who fails to support his or her contentions with
authority or citations to the record when appropriate waives the issue due to inadequate briefing.
See Morrill v. Cisek, 226 S.W.3d 545, 548–49 (Tex. App.—Houston [1st Dist.] 2006, no pet.)
(holding party waived issues by failing to cite to record and authority); Lueg v. Lueg, 976 S.W.2d
308, 310 (Tex. App.—Corpus Christi 1998, pet. denied) (same). We are not required to sort
through the record to find facts to support appellant’s position. Otherwise, our independent
review of the record would transform the court from a neutral adjudicator to an advocate. Valdez
v. Avita, 238 S.W.3d 843, 845 (Tex. App.—El Paso 2007, no pet.).
Here, appellant not only failed to provide citations to the record; there is no reporter’s
record at all. The trial court denied appellant’s request to find him indigent, so there is nothing in
the record to suggest that appellant is unable to pay for a the record. We have granted appellant
several extensions on his briefing deadlines, so appellant has had more than adequate time to
procure the record. An appellant has the burden to present a record to the appellate court that
–2–
shows the error about which he complains. Hiroms v. Scheffy, 76 S.W.3d 486, 489 (Tex. App. —
Houston [14th Dist.] 2002, no pet.). Moreover, appellant’s statement of facts does not relate to
the pleadings filed or the procedural events that occurred in the trial court. Likewise, his
argument consists of conclusions and does not provide meaningful analysis in support of his
contentions. Under these circumstances, we conclude appellant has waived any complaints
regarding the trial court’s judgment. The trial court’s judgment is affirmed.
/Kerry P. FitzGerald/
111708F.P05 KERRY P. FITZGERALD
JUSTICE
–3–
S
Court of Appeals
Fifth District of Texas at Dallas
JUDGMENT
HAL RACHAL, JR., Appellant On Appeal from the Probate Court No. 2,
Dallas County, Texas
No. 05-11-01708-CV V. Trial Court Cause No. PR-09-2413-2.
Opinion delivered by Justice FitzGerald.
LYNDA L. LETKIEWICZ AND RHONDA Justices Fillmore and Evans participating.
GAYLE FOSTER, Appellees
In accordance with this Court’s opinion of this date, the judgment of the trial court is
AFFIRMED.
It is ORDERED that appellees LYNDA L. LETKIEWICZ AND RHONDA GAYLE
FOSTER recover their costs of this appeal from appellant HAL RACHAL, JR..
Judgment entered March 17, 2014
/Kerry P. FitzGerald/
KERRY P. FITZGERALD
JUSTICE
–4–