In The
Court of Appeals
Sixth Appellate District of Texas at Texarkana
______________________________
No. 06-09-00181-CR
______________________________
JEFFERY WAYNE WORTH, Appellant
V.
THE STATE OF TEXAS, Appellee
On Appeal from the 71st Judicial District Court
Harrison County, Texas
Trial Court No. 09-0127X
Before Morriss, C.J., Carter and Moseley, JJ.
Memorandum Opinion by Chief Justice Morriss
MEMORANDUM OPINION
Jeffery Wayne Worth pled guilty to two indictments of aggravated robbery with a deadly
weapon containing enhancement charges. 1 After a hearing on punishment, the trial court
sentenced Worth to thirty years’ concurrent imprisonment in both causes. Worth appeals the trial
court’s judgments on the sole ground that he was not properly admonished that deportation could
result if he was not an American citizen. We affirm the trial court’s judgments because Worth
was admonished of potential deportation for non-American citizens in writing, and the record
contains evidence that Worth is a United States citizen.2
Before accepting a guilty plea, a trial court is required to admonish a defendant that
deportation can result if he or she is not a citizen of the United States of America. TEX. CODE
CRIM. PROC. ANN. art. 26.13(a)(4) (Vernon Supp. 2009). “The court may make the admonitions
required by this article either orally or in writing.” TEX. CODE CRIM. PROC. ANN. art. 26.13(d)
(Vernon Supp. 2009).
In both cause numbers, the trial court provided Worth with written felony admonishments
stating, “[i]f the Defendant is not a citizen of the United States of America, a plea of guilty or
1
Worth appeals from this cause number and judgment entered in cause number 06-09-00182-CR.
2
Generally, as a prerequisite to presenting a complaint for our review, a defendant is required to make a complaint to
the trial court below by a timely request, objection, or motion. TEX. R. APP. P. 33.1. Worth did not complain to the
trial court about the alleged failure to admonish or the voluntariness of his guilty pleas either before or after his
sentencing, including in his motions for new trial. However, the Texas Court of Criminal Appeals has made clear that
a defendant can raise challenges based on a court’s failure to admonish for the first time on appeal unless affirmatively
waived. Bessey v. State, 239 S.W.3d 809, 812 (Tex. 2007).
2
nolo contendere for the offense charges may result in deportation, the exclusion from admission to
this country, or the denial of naturalization under federal law.” Worth and his counsel signed the
written admonishments, and they were admitted by the court before entry of the guilty pleas.
Worth also told the court he was a United States citizen.3 Thus, we find Worth’s complaint on
appeal to be without merit.
The trial court’s judgment in cause number 06-09-00181-CR is affirmed.
Josh R. Morriss, III
Chief Justice
Date Submitted: February 1, 2010
Date Decided: February 2, 2010
Do Not Publish
3
Even had the trial court failed to admonish Worth, failure to admonish would be harmless if Worth was a United
States citizen. Vannortrick v. State, 227 S.W.3d 706, 709 (Tex. Crim. App. 2007).
3
Jeffery Wayne Worth v. State
Combined Opinion