Gen. No. 1-08-2055, Nos. 1-08-2056, 1-08-2189, 1-08-2304, 1-08-2451, 1-08-2452, 1-08-2453
(Consolidated)
FIFTH DIVISION
December 17, 2010
THE PEOPLE ex rel. LISA MADIGAN, Attorney )
General of Illinois; CITIZENS UTILITY BOARD; ) On Direct Review of Orders of the
THE CITY OF CHICAGO; MULTIUT ) Illinois Commerce
CORPORATION; NORTH SHORE GAS ) Commission in its Docket Nos.
COMPANY; and THE PEOPLES GAS LIGHT ) 07-0241/07-0242 Consolidated
AND COKE COMPANY )
)
)
)
Petitioners, ) Gen. No. 08-01-2055
) Nos. 1-08-2056, 1-08-2189,
) 1-08-2304, 1-08-2451, 1-08-2452,
) 1-08-2453 (Consolidated)
v. )
) Charles E. Box,
ILLINOIS COMMERCE COMMISSION; ) Chairman of the Illinois.
THE PEOPLE ex rel. LISA MADIGAN, Attorney ) Commerce Commission
General of Illinois; CITIZENS UTILITY BOARD; )
THE CITY OF CHICAGO; CONSTELLATION )
NEWENERGY, INC.; CONSTELLATION )
NEWENERGY - GAS DIVISION, LLC; )
ENVIRONMENTAL LAW AND POLICY )
CENTER; ILLINOIS INDUSTRIAL ENERGY )
CONSUMERS (styled as such collectively from the )
following intervenors: Abbott Laboratories, Inc., )
General Iron Industries, and the University of )
Illinois); MULTIUT CORPORATION; NICOR )
ADVANCED ENERGY, LLC; PRAIRIE POINT )
ENERGY, LLC; RETAIL GAS SUPPLIERS )
(styled as such collectively from the following )
intervenors: Direct Energy Services, LLC, )
Dominion Retail Inc., Interstate Gas Supply of )
Illinois, Inc., and US Energy Savings Corporation); )
LOCAL UNION NO. 18007, UTILITY )
WORKERS UNION OF AMERICA, AFL-CIO; )
and VANGUARD ENERGY SERVICES, LLC, )
)
Respondents. )
Gen. No. 1-08-2055, Nos. 1-08-2056, 1-08-2189, 1-08-2304, 1-08-2451, 1-08-2452, 1-08-2453
(Consolidated)
JUSTICE JOSEPH GORDON delivered the judgment of the court, with opinion.
Justices Cahill and McBride concurred in the judgment and opinion.
OPINION
This is an appeal from an order of respondent the Illinois Commerce Commission (ICC or
respondent), cancelling previous gas rates for customers in Illinois and authorizing North Shore
Gas Company (North Shore) and Peoples Gas Light and Coke Company (Peoples Gas) (together,
the Utilities) to file new tariff sheets. Petitioners, the People of the State of Illinois (People), the
Citizens Utility Board (CUB) and the City of Chicago (Chicago) (together, the GC petitioners),
the Utilities, and Multiut Corporation (Multiut), now appeal from that order on various grounds.
Respondent contends, inter alia, that this court does not have jurisdiction to reach the merits of
this appeal under the Public Utilities Act (Act) (220 ILCS 5/10-201(a) (West 2008)), because the
Illinois Appellate Court for the Second District was first to acquire jurisdiction over this matter.
For the reasons discussed below, we agree with respondent and transfer this case back to the
Second District.
I. BACKGROUND
On March 9, 2007, the Utilities filed tariffs with the ICC proposing general increases in
natural gas rates of $102,560,000 for Peoples Gas and $6,314,000 for North Shore, new rate
mechanisms and other tariff revisions. On April 4, 2007, the ICC suspended the proposed rates
and initiated contested rate cases to examine the proposed rates and revisions. Several parties
intervened, including the parties to this appeal, and an evidentiary hearing was held.
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The ICC entered its dispositive order on February 5, 2008, permanently cancelling
previous gas rates and ordering the filing of new tariff sheets. In doing do, the ICC authorized
Peoples Gas to file new tariff sheets designed to produce annual revenues of $461,780,000, which
reflected an increase of $71,191,000; and North Shore to file new tariff sheets to produce annual
revenues of $63,439,000, reflecting a decrease of $213,000. In calculating those rates, the ICC
denied the Utilities recovery of certain incentive compensation and pension costs. However, the
ICC authorized a volume balancing adjustment rider (Rider VBA), a decoupling mechanism that
imposes a monthly per-customer surcharge for decreased gas consumption, and a credit for
increased gas consumption. In addition, the ICC authorized two changes to the full standby
transportation rider (Rider FST), a rider used by transportation customers.
Several parties, namely, the People, the Utilities, Multiut, the Illinois Industrial Energy
Consumers (IIEC), the University of Illinois (UI), the CUB, and Chicago, filed applications for
rehearing within the statutorily allowed period of 30 days. On March 26, 2008, the ICC issued a
notice of commission action allowing IIEC and UI’s rehearing application on only one issue and
denied all other applications for rehearing.
Each party sought to file an appeal, in varying chronological order, which raises the
jurisdictional question that we now address. Substantively, GC petitioners contend that the ICC
erred in authorizing the Rider VBA because it violates the prohibition against single-issue rate-
making and test-year principles, it improperly discriminates against two classes of customers, and
the Utilities did not prove that it was necessary. They also argue that the ICC also erred in
calculating the reduction in the Utilities’ return on equity due to the decreased risk brought by the
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rider and in calculating the rates by failing to account for some portions of depreciation of the rate
base. Moreover, the Utilities contend that the ICC erred by not including all of their incentive
compensation in the rate base and operating expenses, by excluding pension costs from the rate
base, and by making a reduction in their approved rate of return to account for the lower risk
caused by Rider VBA. Finally, Multiut contends that the ICC erred in allowing changes to Rider
FST because, in doing so, it approved a non-unanimous settlement without conducting an
independent factual review.
On April 28, 2008, before the last order disposing of the issue for which rehearing was
allowed, the Utilities filed a petition for judicial review in the Second District. Likewise, Abbott
Laboratories (Abbott), which is one of the Illinois Industry Energy Consumers1 filed a petition
for review in the Second District, and the People did the same on May 6, 2008, both before an
order was entered disposing of the last pending issue for which rehearing was granted.
Subsequently, on July 30, 2008, the ICC entered an order disposing of the last issue for which
rehearing was allowed and amending its previous order to reflect that determination. Those
orders were served on the parties on July 31, 2008. At 9:23 a.m. that day, the People filed a
petition for review in the First District, at 11 a.m., the Utilities refiled a petition for review in the
Second District, and at 11:17 that day, the CUB filed its petition in the First District. On August
18, 2008, Chicago also filed its petition for review in the First District, and the People filed a
1
It appears from the Joint Appendix filed by the parties to this appeal that Abbott has
formally withdrawn from this appeal, and its former participation is not an issue in this case.
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(Consolidated)
motion in the Second District to dismiss the petitions filed before July 30 as premature and to
transfer the Utilities’ second petition to the First District. Multiut subsequently filed its petition
for review in the First District on August 22, 2008. Although the People filed a motion asking to
transfer only the Utilities’ second petition, the Second District, on August 26, 2008, apparently
transferred the Utilities’ first petition and other pending appeals to the First District on its own
motion. In doing so, the Second District Appellate Court entered a transfer order without
elaboration, in which it determined that the First District Appellate Court had jurisdiction over
these appeals. The transferred appeals have been consolidated with four appeals that had been
filed in the First District.
On October 1, 2008, respondent filed a motion to the supreme court for a supervisory
order to vacate the transfer orders of the Second District and to order that all appeals be
transferred and consolidated in the Second District. The supreme court denied the motion on
October 29, 2008.
Respondent now contends that the First District does not have jurisdiction over the appeal
because the Second District was first to acquire jurisdiction and under the Public Utilities Act, it
now has exclusive jurisdiction over the appeals. The Utilities agree with respondent’s contention.
The GC petitioners did not address this issue in their brief, but pursuant to this court’s request at
oral argument, the People submitted their response to respondent’s motion to the supreme court
for a supervisory order. In that response, the People contend that the First District has
jurisdiction under the Act because the petitions filed in the Second District were premature and
the First District was, therefore, first to acquire jurisdiction over the petitions. The ICC responds
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(Consolidated)
that, although the petitions filed in the Second District were premature when filed, that court was
first to acquire jurisdiction because the petitions became effective when the ICC entered its order
on rehearing. We agree with that contention and therefore transfer the appeal to the Second
District Appellate Court.
II. ANALYSIS
In response to the appeals filed in the First District, respondent contends that this court
does not have jurisdiction to review the order from the ICC. The Utilities, which are petitioners,
state that they are in agreement with respondent’s contentions that this court does not have
jurisdiction, but assert that they are not pursuing that subject in their brief. Respondent and the
Utilities maintain that because the Second District was first to obtain jurisdiction, section 10-
201(a) of the Act precludes this court from acquiring jurisdiction over this matter. For the
foregoing reasons, we agree with respondent.
We first note that petitioners appeal from a decision of the ICC, an administrative body.
This court has jurisdiction to review administrative decisions only as provided by law, and we
must exercise special statutory jurisdiction to review such administrative action. Ill. Const. 1970,
art. VI, §6; Town & Country Utilities, Inc. v. Illinois Pollution Control Board, 225 Ill. 2d 103,
121; 866 N.E.2d 227, 237-38 (2007). Accordingly, the statute that confers special statutory
jurisdiction to an appellate court to review an administrative decision also limits it. Town &
Country Utilities, Inc., 225 Ill. 2d at 122, 866 N.E.2d at 237-38.
The statute that gives an appellate court jurisdiction to review an order from the ICC is
section 10-201(a) of the Public Utilities Act (220 ILCS 5/10-201(a) (West 2008)). Under section
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10-201(a) of the Act:
"Within 35 days from the date that a copy of the order or decision sought to be
reviewed was served upon the party affected by any order or decision of the
Commission refusing an application for a rehearing of any rule, regulation, order or
decision of the Commission, including any order granting or denying interim rate
relief, or within 35 days from the date that a copy of the order or decision sought
to be reviewed was served upon the party affected by any final order or decision of
the Commission upon and after a rehearing of any rule, regulation, order or
decision of the Commission, including any order granting or denying interim rate
relief, any person or corporation affected by such rule, regulation, order or
decision, may appeal to the appellate court of the judicial district in which the
subject matter of the hearing is situated, or if the subject matter of the hearing is
situated in more than one district, then of any one of such districts, for the purpose
of having the reasonableness or lawfulness of the rule, regulation, order or decision
inquired into and determined.
The court first acquiring jurisdiction of any appeal from any rule,
regulation, order or decision shall have and retain jurisdiction of such appeal and of
all further appeals from the same rule, regulation, order or decision until such
appeal is disposed of in such appellate court." 220 ILCS 5/10-201(a) (West
2008).
Thus, for an appellate court to have jurisdiction over an order from the ICC, the subject
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matter of the proceeding must be located in the judicial district of the appellate court, and "if the
subject matter of the hearing is situated in more than one district," the appellate court which first
acquires "jurisdiction of any appeal" from the decision is the court that retains jurisdiction until the
appeal is disposed of in that court. 220 ILCS 5/10-201(a) (West 2008).
In this case, the record shows that while all of Peoples Gas’ customers are located in Cook
County, which is in the First Judicial District, North Shore also serves customers in Lake County,
in the Second Judicial District. Having determined that the subject matter is situated in two
judicial districts, we must consider which district first acquired jurisdiction over the appeal from
the ICC’s order. See, e.g. People ex rel. Madigan v. Illinois Commerce Comm’n, 394 Ill. App.
3d 382, 389, 915 N.E2d. 453, 459 (2009).
The People contend, in their objection to the motion for a supervisory order, that the First
District was first to acquire jurisdiction over this matter because the petitions filed in the Second
District were premature, and the first petition filed after the ICC’s order on rehearing was filed in
the First District. In doing so, they contend that the Act, which confers exclusive jurisdiction on
the first appellate court to acquire it, also precludes jurisdiction on appeals filed before an
application for rehearing is finally disposed of by the commission, by providing that "[n]o appeal
shall be allowed from any rule, regulation, order or decision of the Commission unless and until an
application for a rehearing thereof shall first have been filed with and finally disposed of by the
Commission." 220 ILCS 5/10-113(a) (West 2008).
We agree with the contention that jurisdiction would not have attached to the Second
District by the filings of April 28, May 2, and May 6, 2008, as of the time they were filed, since
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(Consolidated)
the ICC had yet to rule on the last issued on which rehearing was granted. Nevertheless, those
petitions would have been sufficient to confer jurisdiction as of the moment that the final order on
rehearing was entered, pursuant to the Illinois Supreme Court Rule 303(a)(2) (eff. May 30, 2008),
which provides that prematurely filed appeals become automatically effective at the time when the
appeal may properly be filed. Under that rule:
"When a timely postjudgment motion has been filed by any party, whether in a jury
case or a nonjury case, a notice of appeal filed before the entry of the order
disposing of the last pending postjudgment motion, or before the final disposition
of any separate claim, becomes effective when the order disposing of said motion
or claim is entered. A party intending to challenge an order disposing of any
postjudgment motion or separate claim, or a judgment amended upon such motion,
must file a notice of appeal, or an amended notice of appeal within 30 days of the
entry of said order or amended judgment, but where a postjudgment motion is
denied, an appeal from the judgment is deemed to include an appeal from the
denial of the postjudgment motion." Ill. S. Ct. R. 303(a)(2) (eff. May 30, 2008).
Thus, we find that the Second District was first to acquire jurisdiction over this appeal.
Under the current version of Rule 303(a)(2), otherwise premature petitions for review are held by
the appellate court and become effective when an order resolving the last pending motion is
entered. Ill. S. Ct. R. 303(a)(2) (eff. May 30, 2008). For instance, in In re Marriage of Duggan,
376 Ill. App. 3d 725, 734, 877 N.E.2d 1140, 1148 (2007), where an appellant’s notice of appeal
had been filed during the pendency of a motion, the court held that under the current Rule
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303(a)(2), the notice of appeal became effective when the motion was decided and the court
acquired jurisdiction over the appeal at that time. Thus, courts no longer have to dismiss such
premature appeals, as would have been the case under the earlier rule. Duggan, 376 Ill. App. 3d
at 734, 877 N.E.2d at 1148. Instead, they can defer a premature notice of appeal until the
moment when the underlying decision matures, at which time the prematurely filed notice of
appeal becomes instantly effective. Here, the petitions for review filed in the Second District
during pendency of rehearing became effective on July 30, 2008, at which time the appeals
matured when the ICC entered its order disposing of the last pending issue on rehearing. Since
the People did not file a petition for review in the First District until July 31, 2008, the Second
District was first to acquire jurisdiction over the appeal. Therefore, the First District does not
have jurisdiction to review the ICC’s order under section 10-201(a) of the Act, and the Second
District must retain jurisdiction until the appeal is disposed of on its merits. 220 ILCS 5/10-
201(a) (West 2008); Madigan, 394 Ill. App. 3d at 386, 915 N.E.2d at 457.
The People have urged that Rule 303(a) would apply only to dispositions from lower
courts, but not to administrative decisions as was the case here. That contention would fail
pursuant to the Illinois Supreme Court Rule 335 (eff. Feb. 1, 1994), which provides:
"The procedure for a statutory direct review of orders of an
administrative agency by the Appellate Court shall be as follows:
***
*** Insofar as appropriate, the provisions of Rules 301 through 373
(except for Rule 326) are applicable to proceedings under this rule. As used in
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any applicable rule, the term "appellant" includes a petitioner and the term
"appellee" includes a respondent in proceedings to review or enforce agency
orders." Ill. S. Ct. R. 335(i) (eff. Feb. 1, 1994).
Accordingly, administrative proceedings are encompassed within the provisions of Rule
303(a)(2). This conclusion is supported by Commonwealth Edison Co. v. Illinois Commerce
Comm’n, 368 Ill. App. 3d 734, 738-739, 858 N.E.2d 65, 74 (2006), and Madigan, 394 Ill. App.
3d at 390, 915 N.E.2d at 460. In Commonwealth Edison Co., 368 Ill. App. 3d at 739, 858
N.E.2d at 74, the Second District held that Rule 303(a)(2) was applicable to appeals from the
ICC in determining whether jurisdiction had been conferred on appellate courts when parties had
filed premature appeals from orders by the ICC. See Commonwealth Edison Co., 368 Ill. App.
3d at 739, 858 N.E.2d at 74 ("Because the legislature did not express an intent to exercise its
power to promulgate a rule preempting Rule 303(a)(1)’s ‘last pending post-judgment motion’
provision, Rule 303(a) is applicable here"). Similarly, in Madigan, 394 Ill. App. 3d at 390, 915
N.E.2d at 460, the Fourth District determined that it had not been the first to acquire jurisdiction
over an appeal from an order by the ICC, applying the former version of Rule 303(a)(2), at the
supreme court’s direction on remand. See Madigan, 394 Ill. App. 3d at 390, 915 N.E.2d at 460
("At the time of the January 2007 ruling, the applicable Rule 303(a)(2) appeared at 210 Ill. 2d R.
303(a)(2)").
Nevertheless, the People contend that, notwithstanding Rule 335, Rule 303(a)(2) does
not apply to a petition for judicial review while a rehearing is pending. They maintain that, unlike
a final order from a trial court, which can itself be appealed, an order from the ICC cannot be final
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because the Act does not permit an administrative order to be judicially reviewed until an order on
rehearing is entered or the statutory limit runs. Accordingly, the People claim that Rule 303(a)(2)
is applicable only to postjudgment motions made after final judgments and does not apply to
administrative decisions before an order on rehearing is entered.
That distinction was explicitly rejected in Madigan, 394 Ill. App. 3d at 389-390, 915
N.E.2d at 459-60, and Commonwealth Edison Co., 368 Ill. App. 3d at 738-39, 858 N.E 2d at 74.
In Commonwealth Edison Co., 368 Ill. App. 3d at 736, 858 N.E.2d at 72, the ICC issued an order
and several parties filed applications for rehearing. Two of those parties, ComEd and Ameren,
filed petitions for judicial review after the ICC had denied their applications for rehearing, but
before it had disposed of the last pending application for rehearing by other parties.
Commonwealth Edison Co., 368 Ill. App. 3d at 736, 858 N.E.2d at 72. ComEd filed its petition in
the Second District and Ameren filed its appeal in the Fourth District. Commonwealth Edison
Co., 368 Ill. App. 3d at 736, 858 N.E.2d at 72. After the ICC disposed of the last pending
applications for rehearing of all the parties, the People filed a petition for review in the First
District. Commonwealth Edison Co., 368 Ill. App. 3d at 736, 858 N.E.2d at 72. ComEd
subsequently moved to transfer the pending appeals to the Second District, and Ameren moved to
transfer them to the Fourth District. Commonwealth Edison Co., 368 Ill. App. 3d at 737, 858
N.E.2d at 72. Both motions were granted, and the People then filed motions in the Second and
Fourth Districts to dismiss the appeals filed before the ICC disposed of the last pending rehearing
and to transfer the remaining appeals back to the First District. Commonwealth Edison Co., 368
Ill. App. 3d at 737, 858 N.E.2d at 73.
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The People argued that the First District had been first to acquire jurisdiction because
ComEd’s and Ameren’s petitions filed before the ICC denied the last applications for rehearing
were premature under Rule 303(a)(1), which provides that petitions for review must be filed
"‘after the entry of the order disposing of the last pending post-judgment motion,’" and under the
previous version of Rule 303(a)(2), a notice of appeal filed before that time "‘shall have no effect
and shall be withdrawn.’" Commonwealth Edison Co., 368 Ill. App. 3d at 737-38, 858 N.E.2d at
73, quoting Ill. S. Ct. R. 303(a)(2) (eff. Feb. 1, 1994). In response, ComEd, Ameren and the ICC
argued that the petitions filed before the ICC’s order disposing of the last rehearing petition were
not premature because Rule 303(a) was inapplicable to appeals from administrative orders.
Commonwealth Edison Co., 368 Ill. App. 3d at 738, 858 N.E.2d at 73. Instead, ComEd, Ameren
and the ICC contended that section 10-201(a) of the Act should control because it provides a
party-specific right to file a petition for review of an ICC order once the ICC denied that party’s
application for rehearing, and does not make an appeal dependent on other parties’ applications
for rehearing. Commonwealth Edison Co., 368 Ill. App. 3d at 738, 858 N.E.2d at 73.
The court agreed with the People and found that their appeals were premature
specifically because the "last pending post-judgment motion" of Rule 303(a)(1). Commonwealth
Edison Co., 368 Ill. App. 3d at 738-39, 858 N.E.2d at 73-74, citing Ill. S. Ct. 303(a)(1) (eff. Feb.
1, 1994). Accordingly, the Second District determined that it was not the first to acquire
jurisdiction, solely relying on the former version of Rule 302(a)(2), which provided that appeals
filed during the pendency of postjudgment motions were ineffectual. Commonwealth Edison Co.,
368 Ill. App. 3d at 739, 858 N.E.2d at 74. In doing so, the court recognized that the Act
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provides a "party-specific right" to appeal from an ICC order following the ICC’s refusal of that
party’s application for rehearing. However, the court determined that section 10-201(a) cannot
preempt the applicability of Rule 303(a), stating:
"Section 10-201(a) does not expressly state that, in the event that multiple parties
file applications for rehearing, a party wishing to appeal does not have to wait for
the ICC to dispose of all timely filed applications for rehearing. Section 10-201(a)
does not address multiple applications for rehearing but, rather, speaks only to the
situation where a single application for rehearing is filed. *** Because the
legislature did not express an intent to exercise its power to promulgate a rule
preempting Rule 303(a)(1)’s ‘last pending post-judgment motion’ provision, Rule
303(a) is applicable here. Thus, the petitions for review docketed as Nos. 2-06-
0149 and 4-06-0118 were premature under Rule 303(a)(1) and, consequently,
ineffectual under [former] Rule 303(a)(2)." Commonwealth Edison Co., 368 Ill.
App. 3d at 739, 858 N.E.2d at 74, quoting Ill. S. Ct. R. 303(a)(1)(eff. Feb. 1,
1994).
The court’s reliance on Rule 303(a) in Commonwealth Edison Co., 368 Ill. App. 3d at
738, 858 N.E.2d at 74, is supported by Madigan, 394 Ill. App. 3d at 390, 915 N.E.2d at 460, in
which the Fourth District was directed to consider whether it was the first to acquire jurisdiction
over an appeal that had been first filed in that district before the ICC disposed of the last issue
pending. Madigan, 394 Ill. App. 3d at 386, 915 N.E.2d at 457. In that case, Illinois Bell filed
tariffs with the ICC changing the classification of some of its services, and the ICC later entered
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an order authorizing the change and making certain rate limits. Madigan, 394 Ill. App. 3d at 384-
85, 915 N.E 2d at 455-56. Illinois Bell, the People, and several other parties, including AARP,
filed applications for rehearing with the ICC. The ICC subsequently denied all of the applications
for rehearing, except for one filed by AARP. Madigan, 394 Ill. App. 3d at 385, 915 N.E.2d at
456. Before the ICC disposed of the last pending rehearing application, Illinois Bell filed two
petitions for judicial review in the Fourth District, and the People later filed for a petition in the
First District. Madigan, 394 Ill. App. 3d at 385, 915 N.E.2d at 456. On Illinois Bell’s motion, the
First District transferred the People’s petition to the Fourth District without ruling on jurisdiction.
Madigan, 394 Ill. App. 3d at 385, 915 N.E.2d at 456. The Fourth District later dismissed Illinois
Bell’s appeals for having been filed prematurely and subsequently dismissed the People’s appeal
because their petition for rehearing had been untimely. Madigan, 394 Ill. App. 3d at 385, 915
N.E.2d at 456. The supreme court thereafter reversed the dismissal of the People’s appeal and
remanded it, ordering the Fourth District to determine which district first acquired jurisdiction
over that appeal. Madigan, 394 Ill. App. 3d at 386, 915 N.E. 2d at 457.
The People argued that because the Fourth District dismissed Illinois Bell’s appeals for
lack of jurisdiction, the First District was first to acquire jurisdiction. Madigan, 394 Ill. App. 3d
at 386, 915 N.E.2d at 457. Illinois Bell maintained that under the amended version of Rule
303(a)(2), its appeals to the Fourth District had been timely. Madigan, 394 Ill. App. 3d at 389,
915 N.E.2d at 457. The supreme court, in remanding the case, "instruct[ed] the Fourth District
to also consider its jurisdiction in light of Rules 303 and 335." People ex rel. Madigan v. Illinois
Commerce Comm’n, 231 Ill. 2d 370, 389, 899 N.E.2d 227, 237 (2008). Accordingly, the Fourth
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District looked to the former version of Rule 303(a)(2) in determining that it could not reopen an
appeal that had been dismissed, and had not been the first to acquire jurisdiction, stating:
"At the time of the January 2007 ruling [dismissing the previously filed
appeals as premature], the applicable Rule 303(a)(2) appeared in 210 Ill. 2d R.
303(a)(2). Interestingly, it is this version of the rule the Madigan court told this
court to consider. *** Under this version, petitions for review filed in the appellate
court before the Commission resolved all of the postjudgment motions were
untimely and deprived the appellate court of jurisdiction over such petitions."
Madigan, 394 Ill. App. 3d at 390, 915 N.E.2d at 460.
While the court in Commonwealth Edison Co., 368 Ill. App. 3d at 739, 858 N.E.2d at 74,
dealt with the preamendment version of Rule 303(a)(2) in applying it to administrative
proceedings, there is no cogent reason or basis to differentiate between its applicability to
administrative proceedings in its postamendment version as well. Consistently, in Madigan, 394
Ill. App. 3d at 390, 915 N.E.2d at 460, where the court applied the preamendment version of
Rule 303(a)(2) to administrative proceedings, the court explained that the amended version would
have been applicable to those administrative appeals but for the fact that dismissals occurred while
the preamendment version of Rule 303(a)(2) was still in force. The court stated that, "[w]hile the
amended version may have applied if it were effective while Illinois Bell’s appeals were pending, it
cannot be used to resurrect a final judgment." Madigan, 394 Ill. App. 3d at 390, 915 N.E.2d at
460. Here, when the Utilities and the People filed their appeals in the Second District, their own
applications for rehearing had already been denied by the ICC, and the only pending rehearing
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motions were from other parties, namely, IIEC and UI. Thus, although the appeals were
premature at the time, it was not because their own order was not final under the Public Utilities
Act, but because Supreme Court Rule 303(a)(1) did not allow the appeals until the last pending
motion of all the parties was decided. Accordingly, Rule 303(a)(2) is applicable to the petitions
for review filed while rehearing was pending, which became effective when the ICC’s order on
rehearing was entered.
In fact, unlike the court in Commonwealth Edison Co., 368 Ill. App. 3d at 735, 858
N.E.2d at 72, we do not have an order from the supreme court based on its supervisory powers
directing us to reach the merits of this case. Although the supreme court denied the ICC’s motion
to vacate the Second District’s sua sponte transfer order, a supreme court’s denial of a motion for
a supervisory order does not have the effect of a ruling on any issue, nor does it support the
decision of the lower court. Roth v. St. Elizabeth’s Hospital, 241 Ill. App. 3d 407, 417, 607
N.E.2d 1356, 1363 (1993). In that case, a circuit court had found that when the supreme court
denied a motion for supervisory order, it supported the circuit court’s interpretation of a
discovery rule and decided the issue, and the Fifth District reversed noting that the lower court’s
conclusions had been erroneous. Roth, 241 Ill. App. 3d at 416-17, 607 N.E.2d at 1362-63.
Similarly, the supreme court in this case denied a motion for a supervisory order vacating the
Second District’s transfer, and we, therefore, find that such denial did not dispose of the
jurisdictional issue or direct us to reach the merits of this case in spite of our finding that we lack
jurisdiction.
Moreover, the language of Rule 303(a)(2) does not differentiate appeals filed before a
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postjudgment motion has been filed, from those filed while a postjudgment motion is already
pending at the circuit court. It provides that "[w]hen a timely postjudgment motion has been filed
by any party, *** a notice of appeal filed before the entry of the order disposing of the last
pending postjudgment motion, or before the final disposition of any separate claim, becomes
effective when the order disposing of said motion or claim is entered." Ill. S. Ct. R. 303(a)(2)
(eff. May 30, 2008). Thus, the rule only looks to when a pending motion is disposed of and
allows a premature appeal to become effective even if it was filed when a postjudgment motion
was already pending and the party filing it was aware that the judgment appealed from was not
final at that time. Therefore, it cannot be argued that Rule 303(a)(2) only protects parties who
file appeals that are permitted at the time of filing but become premature when another party files
a postjudgment motion.
Thus, the argument that Rule 303(a)(2) is inapplicable to appeals from administrative
proceedings because of the apparent distinction between postjudgment motions at lower court
proceedings and applications for rehearing in administrative proceedings does not hold up. As the
court noted in Commonwealth Edison Co., 368 Ill. App. 3d at 738-39, 858 N.E.2d at 73-74, the
Act, which requires parties to file an application for rehearing before seeking judicial review, also
allows a party to appeal to this court once the ICC has refused that party’s own application for
rehearing, independently from other parties’ motions. In light of those terms of the Act, it is not
finality that prevents this court from reviewing an appeal filed during the pendency of other
parties’ application for rehearing, but the "last pending post-judgment motion" provision of Rule
303(a)(1). See Commonwealth Edison Co., 368 Ill. App. 3d at 738-39, 858 N.E.2d at 73-74.
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The court in Madigan, 394 Ill. App. 3d at 390, 915 N.E.2d at 460, also recognized that Rule
303(a)(2) was applicable to the issue of which court had first acquired jurisdiction, at the supreme
court’s direction. The language of Rule 303(a)(2) is fully consistent with that conclusion in that it
permits a premature notice of appeal to become effective when the appeal becomes mature even if
that notice of appeal was filed when postjudgment motions were already pending. Therefore, it
cannot be argued that Rule 303(a)(2) can only protect parties who file appeals which at the time
of the filing are in the stage of finality with no other matters pending, but which become
premature after the notice of appeal is filed pursuant to the provisions of Rule 303(a)(1) when
another party files a postjudgment motion. Accordingly, there is strong indication that Rule
303(a)(2), whether before or after its amendment, is equally applicable to appeals from orders by
administrative agencies as it is to appeals from decisions by circuit courts.
The People also contend that Rule 303(a)(2) does not apply to the Utilities’ petition
because "where a claim is cognizable in the first instance by an administrative agency alone,
administrative remedies must be exhausted before the case may be considered by the courts,"
citing Citizens Utilities Co. of Illinois v. O’Connor, 116 Ill. App. 3d 369, 373, 451 N.E.2d 946,
949 (1983). While we acknowledge that an application for rehearing must have been filed and
disposed of by the ICC for a party to have exhausted its administrative remedies and become
eligible to seek judicial review (Citizens Utilities Co., 116 Ill. App. 3d at 374, 451 N.E.2d at 949),
we find that this requirement does not conflict with Rule 303(a)(2) in this case.
As previously noted, the Act permits any party to seek judicial review once its petition for
rehearing has been denied and is only premature because of the "last pending motion" provision of
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Rule 303(a)(1). Commonwealth Edison Co., 368 Ill. App. 3d at 738-39, 858 N.E.2d at 73-74.
Thus, although the Utilities and the People had to seek rehearing of the order from the ICC before
filing a petition for judicial review, they had exhausted their own administrative remedies by the
time they filed their appeals at the Second District because their applications for rehearing had
already been denied by the ICC.
The People, nevertheless, contend that Rule 303(a)(2) is inapplicable to premature
petitions from an administrative decision because the Act, which confers limited jurisdiction on
appellate courts and does not allow appeals from administrative orders until an order on rehearing
is entered. In doing so, the People maintain that sections 10-201(a) and 10-113(a) of the Act
preempt Rule 303(a)(2) because appeals from the ICC must strictly follow the language of the
Act.
The supreme court recognized, in County of Cook, Cermak Health Services v. Illinois
State Local Labor Relations Board, 144 Ill. 2d 326, 334, 579 N.E.2d 866, 870 (1991), that the
supreme court and the legislature have concurrent constitutional authority to promulgate
procedural rules governing direct appellate court review of administrative decisions. See also
Commonwealth Edison Co., 368 Ill. App. 3d at 739, 858 N.E.2d at 74 ("Cermak Health Services
recognized that the Illinois Constitution confers concurrent constitutional authority upon our
supreme court and the legislature to promulgate procedural rules concerning direct appellate
court review of administrative decisions"). The legislature may preempt supreme court rules
addressing the same issue only where it expressly exercises its authority to promulgate such rules.
See Commonwealth Edison Co., 368 Ill. App. 3d at 739, 858 N.E.2d at 74 ("Cermak Health
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Services teaches that where the legislature expressly exercises its authority to promulgate those
rules, it may preempt a supreme court rule addressing the same subject"). However, such a
conflicting enactment will be struck down where it "‘unduly infringe[s] upon our [supreme
court’s] constitutional rule-making authority.’" Cermak Health Services, 144 Ill. 2d at 334, 579
N.E.2d at 870, quoting O’Connell v. St. Francis Hospital, 112 Ill. 2d 273, 281, 492 N.E.2d
1322, 1326 (1986); see also Commonwealth Edison Co., 368 Ill. App. 3d at 739, 858 N.E.2d at
74 ("Cermak Health Services instructs further that the legislative enactment will be struck down
where it ‘"unduly infringe[s] upon [our supreme court’s] constitutional rule-making authority"’"),
quoting Cermak Health Services, 144 Ill. 2d at 334, quoting O’Connell v. St. Francis Hospital,
112 Ill. 2d at 281.
Nevertheless, the use of such legislative authority must be explicitly stated (Cermak
Health Services, 144 Ill. 2d at 335, 579 N.E.2d at 870), and courts will not imply a statutory
provision in conflict with a supreme court rule when the General Assembly did not express an
intent to preempt the rule (Commonwealth Edison Co., 368 Ill. App. 3d at 739, 858 N.E.2d at
74). As previously noted, section 10-201(a) is not in conflict with Rule 303(a), and the legislature
did not intend to preempt that rule. See Commonwealth Edison Co., 368 Ill. App. 3d at 739, 858
N.E.2d at 74. Nor does the application of Rule 303(a) conflict with section 10-113(a) of the Act.
As noted earlier, section 10-113(a) provides that "[n]o appeal shall be allowed from any *** order
or decision of the Commission unless and until an application for rehearing thereof shall first have
been filed with and finally disposed of by the Commission." 220 ILCS 5/10-113(a) (West 2008).
The Act does not purport to preclude a notice of appeal prematurely filed during the pendency of
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an application for rehearing from becoming effective once the application for rehearing is
adjudicated. Accordingly, we find that neither section 10-201(a) nor section 10-113(a) of the Act
preempts Rule 303(a)(2).
Having made this determination, we need not consider the separation of powers issue that
would have been engendered if sections 10-113(a) and 10-201(a) of the Act and Rule 303(a)(2)
were not mutually accommodatable. See Ultsch v. Illinois Municipal Retirement Fund, 226 Ill.
2d 169, 176, 874 N.E.2d 1, 6 (2007) (stating that courts "will not address constitutional issues
that are unnecessary for the disposition of the case").
Nevertheless, the People also contend that if Rule 303(a)(2) is applicable, it required a
new petition for review to be filed once the ICC’s order on rehearing was entered to preserve
appellate review. In doing so, the People note that under Rule 303(a)(2), "[a] party intending to
challenge *** a judgment amended upon such motion, must file a notice of appeal, or an amended
notice of appeal within 30 days of the entry of said *** amended judgment." Ill. S. Ct. R.
303(a)(2) (eff. May 30, 2008). The People maintain that since the ICC entered an amended order
on rehearing, any jurisdiction acquired by the Second District was not properly preserved until
after the First District acquired jurisdiction.
However, Rule 303(a)(2) requires an additional filing of a notice of appeal only if the
party intends to challenge the merits of the new order disposing the postjudgment motion.
"[W]here a postjudgment motion is denied, an appeal from the judgment is deemed to include an
appeal from the denial of the postjudgment motion." Ill. S. CT. R. 303(a)(2) (eff. May 30, 2008).
In this case, when the Utilities and the People filed petitions for review in the Second
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District, their applications for rehearing had already been denied, and those parties do not
challenge the issue that was decided by the ICC in its order on rehearing. Accordingly, the rule
did not require them to file a new notice of appeal to preserve jurisdiction in the Second District.
Thus, we find that Rule 303(a)(2) governs the petitions for judicial review filed by the
parties in this case, and that under that rule, the Utilities’ and the People’s petitions filed in the
Second District became effective on July 30, 2008, when the ICC entered its order on rehearing.
Since no party filed a petition for review in the First District until July 31, 2008, the Second
District was the court to first acquire jurisdiction over this matter, and under section 10-201(a) of
the Act, it must retain jurisdiction until the merits of the appeal are disposed of. 220 ILCS 5/10-
201(a) (West 2008); Madigan, 394 Ill. App. 3d at 390, 915 N.E.2d at 460.
We further note that although it may be argued that we are bound by the Second District’s
determination that this court has jurisdiction over this matter because of the law-of-the-case
doctrine, such a contention would not prevail. Commonwealth Edison Co., 368 Ill. App. 3d at
742, 858 N.E.2d at 76-77. Ordinarily, "[t]he law-of-the-case doctrine generally provides that ‘a
rule established as controlling in a particular case will continue to be the law of the case’ in the
absence of error or a change of facts." Commonwealth Edison Co., 368 Ill. App. 3d at 742, 858
N.E.2d at 76, quoting People v. Patterson, 154 Ill. 2d 414, 468, 610 N.E.2d 16, 41 (1992).
However, the doctrine binds a court only where the prior decision was final. Patterson,
154 Ill. 2d at 468, 610 N.E.2d at 41. The Second District has held that a ruling from one
appellate court that a co-equal appellate court has jurisdiction and transfer order of that matter "is
tantamount to the denial of a motion to dismiss for lack of jurisdiction." Commonwealth Edison
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Co., 368 Ill. App. 3d at 742, 858 N.E.2d at 76-77. The court in Commonwealth Edison Co., 368
Ill. App. 3d at 742, 858 N.E.2d at 77, also noted that the denial of a motion to dismiss is an
interlocutory order, which may be modified or revised by a successor court at any time before a
final judgment is entered. That court also found that since there is but one appellate court, a panel
of one district court revisiting, during an ongoing appeal, an issue that another panel addressed in
a ruling on a motion to transfer is the equivalent of one trial judge revisiting an interlocutory
decision of the judge he succeeded. Commonwealth Edison Co., 368 Ill. App. 3d at 742, 858
N.E.2d at 77. Therefore, the law-of-the-case doctrine does not preclude our decision to re-
transfer this matter to the Second District.
We also note that while neither party has argued that we are but one appellate court, and
the jurisdictional requirements of section 10-201(a) of the Act govern venue instead of
jurisdiction, in which case the Second District had discretion to transfer the matter to this court,
such contention would be unpersuasive. A court’s authority to transfer a case to another venue is
not absolute, and in ruling on a motion to transfer a case under the doctrine of forum non
conveniens, courts are directed to consider several factors, including the plaintiff’s choice of
forum, and such rulings are subject to review under the abuse of discretion standard. See
Speigelman v. Victory Memorial Hospital, 392 Ill. App. 3d 826, 843, 911 N.E.2d 1022, 1038
(2009) (court denied motion to transfer venue on forum non conveniens grounds because relevant
factors did not favor the transfer).
Moreover, although different appellate districts may have general jurisdiction over a
petition for judicial review from an administrative decision, it can only have subject matter
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jurisdiction as provided under section 10-201(a) of the Act. Ferndale Heights Utility Co. v.
Illinois Commerce Comm’n, 112 Ill. App. 3d 175, 179, 445 N.E.2d 334, 338 (1982). In
Ferndale Heights Utility Co., 112 Ill. App. 3d at 179, 445 N.E.2d at 338, where a petition for
review was filed in the wrong county and later transferred to the proper court, this court held that
jurisdiction and venue are "distinct legal concepts," and that when a court reviews an order from
the ICC, it exercises special jurisdiction and must comply with the Act’s requirements. The court
then noted that since the Act requires litigants to comply with its jurisdictional requirements to
appeal from an administrative order, when a petition for review did not satisfy those requirements,
the court lacked subject matter jurisdiction over the appeal. Ferndale Heights Utility Co., 112
Ill. App. 3d at 179, 445 N.E.2d at 338. In line with that decision, the Second District in
Commonwealth Edison Co., 368 Ill. App. 3d at 738-39, 858 N.E.2d at 74, found that it did not
have jurisdiction over an appeal from a decision by the ICC where another district court had first
acquired jurisdiction, even though it acknowledged that we are one appellate court. Similarly, the
Fourth District ruled, in Madigan, 394 Ill. App. 3d at 390, 915 N.E.2d at 460, that it did not
have subject matter jurisdiction under section 10-201(a) of the Act, over a petition for review of
an administrative order that had first been filed in the First District, and transferred the appeal to
this court. Thus, in the absence of a supervisory order, we find that this court lacks subject matter
jurisdiction under section 10-201(a) of the Act because it was not the first court to acquire
jurisdiction over this matter.
However, although this court lacks subject matter jurisdiction over this appeal, dismissing
the case is not its only option. This court has recognized that when a court lacks subject matter
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jurisdiction under the Act, it has the authority, in the exercise of its general jurisdiction to transfer
a case to a court of competent jurisdiction if it will cure the defect and avoid the necessity of
dismissing the appeal. Ferndale Heights Utility Co., 112 Ill. App. 3d at 179, 445 N.E.2d at 338.
For the foregoing reasons, we conclude that we do not have jurisdiction over this appeal
and transfer the matter to the Appellate Court for the Second District.
Appeal transferred.
CAHILL, P. J., and McBRIDE, J., concur.
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