DISTRICT COURT OF APPEAL OF THE STATE OF FLORIDA
FOURTH DISTRICT
GABRIELA BENEDETTO,
Appellant,
v.
U.S. BANK NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, AS TRUSTEE, ON BEHALF OF
THE HOLDERS OF THE HOME EQUITY ASSET TRUST 2007-3 HOME
EQUITY PASS-THROUGH CERTIFICATES, SERIES 2007-3,
Appellee.
No. 4D14-1811
[ December 16, 2015 ]
Appeal from the Circuit Court for the Fifteenth Judicial Circuit, Palm
Beach County; Roger B. Colton, Judge; L.T. Case No.
2012CA012949XXXXMB.
Romin N. Currier of Pincus & Currier LLP, West Palm Beach, for
appellant.
N. Mark New and William L. Grimsley of McGlinchey Stafford,
Jacksonville, for appellee.
TAYLOR, J.
Gabriela Benedetto appeals a non-final order denying her motion to
quash service of process in this mortgage foreclosure action. Because
Benedetto did not waive the defense of improper service, and because the
allegations of her motion to quash and supporting affidavit, if true, would
entitle her to relief, the trial court erred in denying the motion without first
affording her an evidentiary hearing. We therefore reverse and remand for
an evidentiary hearing.
U.S. Bank N.A. (the “Bank”) filed a foreclosure complaint against the
borrower, Candyce Petrie, and other defendants who might claim an
interest in the property, including appellant Benedetto. An Affidavit of
Service states that the complaint was served on Benedetto’s roommate,
Kiera Condrey, at a California property described as Benedetto’s usual
place of abode.
Several months later, Benedetto moved for an extension of time to
respond to the complaint. The trial court entered an Agreed Order on
Defendant’s Motion for Extension of Time, which granted Benedetto’s
motion and stated that Benedetto “shall have fifteen (15) days to serve an
answer to plaintiff’s complaint.”
Instead of answering the complaint, Benedetto filed a motion to quash
service of process on the grounds that she was not personally served and
that Kiera Condrey was not a member of her household or authorized to
accept service on her behalf. Benedetto later filed an affidavit in support
of the motion to quash, alleging that: (1) she was never served with the
complaint; (2) she did not reside at the California property at the time of
service; (3) she owned the California property as rental property, which
she leased to Kiera Condrey as her tenant; and (4) she had never been
Kiera Condrey’s roommate.
The Bank later moved to strike Benedetto’s motion to quash, arguing
that by agreeing to entry of the Agreed Order on the motion for extension
of time, Benedetto affirmatively agreed to file an answer and waived her
right to challenge the trial court’s jurisdiction. The Bank asserted that
Benedetto “directly violated” the Agreed Order by failing to answer the
complaint within fifteen days of the order.
The trial court held a hearing on the motion to quash, but the record
does not contain a transcript of that hearing. After the hearing, the trial
court entered an order denying the motion to quash and giving Benedetto
ten days to file an answer. The order does not contain the court’s
reasoning for denying the motion to quash. However, it is apparent from
the language of the order that the hearing on the motion to quash was a
non-evidentiary hearing. The order states that the court “heard argument
of counsel,” but does not state that the court considered any evidence.
On appeal of the denial of the motion to quash, Benedetto argues that
the trial court erred in ruling that she submitted to the court’s jurisdiction
by filing a motion for extension of time and agreeing to the order which
granted her an extension of time to answer the complaint.
The standard of review of an order denying a motion to quash service
of process is de novo. Bank of Am., N.A. v. Bornstein, 39 So. 3d 500, 502
(Fla. 4th DCA 2010).
Where a return of service is regular on its face, it “is presumed valid
unless clear and convincing evidence is presented to the contrary.” Lazo
v. Bill Swad Leasing Co., 548 So. 2d 1194, 1195 (Fla. 4th DCA 1989).
2
However, the movant is entitled to an evidentiary hearing on a motion to
quash service of process where the unrebutted allegations in the motion
and supporting affidavit, if proven by clear and convincing evidence, would
establish the failure to effect valid service of process as required by section
48.031, Florida Statutes. Linville v. Home Sav. of Am., FSB, 629 So. 2d
295, 296 (Fla. 4th DCA 1993). Accordingly “[w]here the allegations of the
motion to quash service of process, if true, would entitle the movant to
relief, then the trial court errs in denying the motion without first affording
the movant an evidentiary hearing.” Talton v. CU Members Mortg., 126 So.
3d 446, 447 (Fla. 4th DCA 2013). In this context, “neither the submission
of affidavits nor argument of counsel is sufficient to constitute an
evidentiary hearing.” Linville, 629 So. 2d at 296.
Here, the trial court erred in denying the motion to quash service of
process without first affording Benedetto an evidentiary hearing. The
allegations in Benedetto’s motion to quash and supporting affidavit, if
proven by clear and convincing evidence, would have established the
Bank’s failure to effect valid service. Moreover, because the hearing on the
motion was a non-evidentiary hearing that consisted solely of legal
argument, the absence of a transcript of the hearing does not require an
affirmance under Applegate v. Barnett Bank of Tallahassee, 377 So. 2d
1150 (Fla. 1979). See, e.g., SPCA Wildlife Care Ctr. v. Abraham, 75 So. 3d
1271, 1275 (Fla. 4th DCA 2011); Ronbeck Constr. Co. v. Savanna Club
Corp., 592 So. 2d 344, 348 (Fla. 4th DCA 1992).
The argument asserted by the Bank in its written motion to strike
Benedetto’s motion to quash was that, by agreeing to the entry of the
Agreed Order on the motion for extension of time, Benedetto affirmatively
agreed to file an answer and therefore waived her right to challenge the
trial court’s jurisdiction. But this argument lacks merit. Where a
defendant files a motion for extension of time to answer a complaint, the
defendant does not submit to the jurisdiction of the court or waive the
defense of lack of jurisdiction for failure of service of process. Byers v. FIA
Card Servs., N.A., 82 So. 3d 1166, 1168 (Fla. 4th DCA 2012).
Here, neither the motion for extension of time, nor the Agreed Order
granting the extension of time, constituted a waiver of the defense of
improper service of process. The Agreed Order granting the motion for
extension of time meant only that the parties agreed to the extension of
time. Nothing in the language of the Agreed Order operated as a waiver of
appellant’s jurisdictional defenses or precluded appellant from filing a pre-
answer motion. Thus, if the trial court denied the motion to quash service
on the ground that the motion for extension of time and the Agreed Order
3
granting the extension of time operated as a waiver of the defense of lack
of jurisdiction, such ruling was error.
Contrary to the Bank’s suggestion, this is not a case where Benedetto
failed to meet her burden of presenting clear and convincing evidence that
service was improper. Benedetto was never afforded an opportunity for an
evidentiary hearing in the first place.1 The order on appeal contradicts the
Bank’s suggestion that the trial court may have “evaluated the evidence
before it and concluded that service on Benedetto was proper.” Although
the order stated that the court “heard argument of counsel,” it did not
state that the court considered any evidence.
Accordingly, we reverse for the trial court to hold an evidentiary hearing
on the motion to quash service of process.
Reversed and Remanded.
WARNER and FORST, JJ., concur.
* * *
Not final until disposition of timely filed motion for rehearing.
1 Our recent opinion in Johnson v. Christiana Trust, 166 So. 3d 940 (Fla. 4th DCA
2015), is distinguishable. In that case, we rejected the appellant’s claim that the
court erred in not conducting an evidentiary hearing on a motion to quash service
where “the trial court gave appellant the opportunity to present live witnesses
and additional evidence, but appellant declined.” Id. at 942 n.1. In other words,
the record in Johnson confirmed that the movant was afforded the opportunity
for an evidentiary hearing, but the movant nonetheless rested exclusively on
affidavits to support the motion and declined to present any additional evidence.
4