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IN RE SAMUEL R.*
(AC 38251)
Beach, Alvord and Norcott, Js.
Argued January 12—officially released February 8, 2016**
(Appeal from Superior Court, judicial district of
Middlesex, Child Protection Session, Hon. Barbara M.
Quinn, judge trial referee.)
Lisa M. Vincent, for the appellant (respondent
mother).
Tammy Nguyen-O’Dowd, assistant attorney general,
with whom, on the brief, were George Jepsen, attorney
general, Gregory T. D’Auria, solicitor general, and Ben-
jamin Zivyon, assistant attorney general, for the appel-
lee (petitioner).
Opinion
PER CURIAM. The respondent mother appeals from
the judgment of the trial court denying her motion to
open the judgment of neglect and terminating her paren-
tal rights to her minor child, Samuel R.1 On appeal,
the respondent claims that the trial court abused its
discretion by denying the motion to open without (1)
conducting an evidentiary hearing, and (2) addressing
the competency of the respondent and other facts
alleged therein. We conclude that the trial court did not
abuse its discretion. We affirm the judgment of the
trial court.
The following facts, as found by the trial court, and
procedural history are relevant to our resolution of this
appeal. On July 21, 2014, the respondent contacted the
clerk’s office at the Superior Court for Juvenile Matters
in Willimantic and requested that her son, Samuel, then
twelve years old, be removed from her home because
she no longer wanted to care for him. She stated, ‘‘I
want him out of my house forever . . . . I want him out
of my life forever.’’ The petitioner, the Commissioner
of Children and Families, removed Samuel from the
respondent’s home. On July 23, 2014, the petitioner
filed and was granted an ex parte order of temporary
custody. The petitioner also filed a neglect petition. On
July 29, 2014, the respondent agreed to the order of
temporary custody. The same day, the court, Dyer, J.,
appointed a guardian ad litem to assist the respondent2
and also appointed counsel for the respondent. Samuel
was placed with a foster care family. After the agreed
upon order of temporary custody entered, the respon-
dent refused to cooperate with the Department of Chil-
dren and Families (department), visit with Samuel, or
directly contact him.
On October 15, 2014, the petitioner filed a termination
of parental rights petition against the respondent and
Samuel’s father, alleging abandonment and no ongoing
parent child relationship. In January, 2015, the peti-
tioner learned that the respondent was interested in
visiting Samuel, but the respondent did not reply to
letters relevant to this visitation request sent by the
department. On March 17, 2015, the respondent’s
appointed counsel for the neglect petition requested
that the court, Hon. Francis J. Foley III, judge trial
referee, also appoint her as the respondent’s counsel
for the termination of parental rights proceeding and
vacate the appointment of the respondent’s guardian
ad litem. The respondent’s appointed counsel noted
that there had been confusion as to the roles and respon-
sibilities of counsel. The guardian ad litem agreed that
‘‘based upon interaction with the [respondent]’’ he was
not needed and did not object to the motion to vacate.
The court granted the motion.
On May 5, 2015, the court, Hon. Barbara M. Quinn,
judge trial referee, commenced a consolidated trial on
the petitions for neglect and the termination of parental
rights.3 The respondent was present, represented by her
court-appointed counsel, and testified that she did not
want her parental rights to be terminated. The court
noted: ‘‘From the court’s own observations of [the
respondent’s] demeanor and conduct, the court con-
cludes that she is not now in a position to care for
Samuel, despite her verbally stated wishes. Her mental
health appears precarious and her ability to understand
the world around her distorted.’’
The court concluded that Samuel had been neglected
and uncared for by both the respondent and his father.
As for the termination of parental rights petition, the
court found clear and convincing evidence that both the
respondent and Samuel’s father had refused reasonable
reunification efforts. The court also found that the peti-
tioner had proven both grounds for the termination of
parental rights alleged in the petition: abandonment and
the failure to have an ongoing parent-child relationship.
Ultimately, the court determined that the termination
of parental rights was in the best interests of Samuel.
Despite receiving an extension of time to file, the
respondent did not appeal the trial court’s judgment.
On July 17, 2015, the respondent filed a motion to open
judgment. In her motion, the respondent argued: she
was deprived of due process because on the date of
trial and at least up until the date of filing the motion,
‘‘the [respondent’s] mental health [was] precarious and
her ability to understand the world around her [was]
distorted to such a level as to raise reasonable doubt
as to her competence’’; the petitioner improperly partic-
ipated in the vacating of the appointment of the respon-
dent’s guardian ad litem; and that the department ‘‘failed
to disclose . . . knowledge of fitness and competence’’
of the respondent’s prior effective parenting. The trial
court denied the motion to open without holding an
evidentiary hearing, stating: ‘‘No facts or claims raised
in the motion set forth grounds for reopening the judg-
ment of May 13, 2015.’’ This appeal followed.
I
The respondent claims on appeal that: ‘‘The trial court
abused its discretion when it denied the [respondent’s]
motion to open the judgment terminating her parental
rights without hearing evidence on the allegations made
in the motion.’’ We conclude that the trial court, Hon.
Barbara M. Quinn, judge trial referee, did not abuse
its discretion in denying the motion to open and was
not required to hold an evidentiary hearing.
‘‘We begin by setting forth the legal principles that
guide our analysis. Our review of a court’s denial of a
motion to open . . . is well settled. We do not under-
take a plenary review of the merits of a decision of
the trial court to grant or to deny a motion to open a
judgment. . . . In an appeal from a denial of a motion
to open a judgment, our review is limited to the issue
of whether the trial court has acted unreasonably and
in clear abuse of its discretion. . . . In determining
whether the trial court abused its discretion, this court
must make every reasonable presumption in favor of
its action. . . . The manner in which [this] discretion
is exercised will not be disturbed so long as the court
could reasonably conclude as it did. . . . As to a termi-
nation of parental rights judgment, before granting a
motion to open, the court must also consider the best
interest of the child.’’ (Citation omitted; internal quota-
tion marks omitted.) In re Zen T., 151 Conn. App. 724,
728–29, 95 A.3d 1258, cert. denied, 314 Conn. 911, 100
A.3d 403 (2014), cert. denied sub nom. Heather S. v.
Connecticut Commissioner of Children & Families,
U.S. , 135 S. Ct. 2326, 191 L. Ed. 2d 991 (2015).
‘‘[O]ne of the essential conditions for the granting of
such a motion is that the evidence which the party
seeks to offer could not have been known and with
reasonable diligence produced at the [hearing].’’ (Inter-
nal quotation marks omitted.) Light v. Grimes, 156
Conn. App. 53, 70, 111 A.3d 551 (2015). We note that
during a hearing on the termination of parental rights,
the trial court is required to be mindful of a parent’s
competency and upon its own motion may order a com-
petency hearing. See Practice Book § 32a-9; see also In
re Alexander V., 223 Conn. 557, 566, 613 A.2d 780 (1992).
‘‘Because the true focus of the competency inquiry is
the parent’s present ability to assist her counsel with
a rational and factual understanding of the proceedings
against her at the time of trial, [t]he trial judge is in a
particularly advantageous position to observe a
[respondent’s] conduct . . . and has a unique opportu-
nity to assess a [respondent’s] competency. A trial
court’s opinion, therefore, of the competency of a
[respondent] is highly significant. . . . [W]e [thus] give
deference to the trial court’s [competency determina-
tion] because the trial court has the benefit of firsthand
review of the [respondent’s] demeanor and responses
during the [proceeding].’’ (Citation omitted; internal
quotation marks omitted.) In re Glerisbeth C., 162 Conn.
App. 273, 283, A.3d (2015).
The trial court did not abuse its discretion in denying
the motion to open without holding an evidentiary hear-
ing because the respondent’s motion did not present
any facts that were not already known at the time of the
trial. During the trial, the court had ample opportunity
to closely observe the respondent’s demeanor and her
ability to assist her counsel and participate in the pro-
ceedings. We must give deference to the firsthand
observations of the trial court judge. See id. In the
motion to open judgment, the respondent did not allege
any new facts regarding her competency that would
not have been within the purview of the court during
the trial on the merits.
In her motion to open, the respondent also alleged
that the appointment of the guardian ad litem was
improperly vacated and that the department did not
provide the court with information that showed that
the respondent could effectively parent. It was respon-
dent’s counsel who approached the court, Hon. Francis
J. Foley III, judge trial referee, and requested that it
vacate the appointment of the guardian ad litem. In
addition, the guardian ad litem informed the court that
he had met with the respondent and based on that
interaction, he agreed that his representation was not
necessary. As for any records that were in the posses-
sion of the department and not presented during trial,
the respondent had access to these files upon request,
and we have no reason to believe that records requested
were wrongly withheld. See General Statutes § 17a-28
(g) (‘‘[t]he department shall disclose records . . . to:
[1] the person named in the record or such person’s
authorized representative, provided such disclosure
shall be limited to information [A] contained in the
record about such person or about such person’s biolog-
ical or adoptive minor child’’).
II
Accordingly, we need not consider the respondent’s
second claim that: ‘‘The trial court abused its discretion
when it denied the motion to open without addressing
the standards set forth in In re Alexander V. [supra,
223 Conn. 566].’’ These standards, which concern when
a competency hearing of a parent is required for the
purposes of a termination of parental rights hearing,
do not apply to a motion to open and instead address
issues that should be raised on direct appeal. See In
re Zen T., supra, 151 Conn. App. 729–30 (improper to
challenge merits of judgment terminating parental
rights by way of motion to open filed outside appeal
period).
‘‘Children involved in termination proceedings have
a strong interest in the speedy resolution of such pro-
ceedings, for regardless of their outcome, their final
resolution promotes permanency in the children’s fam-
ily relationships and stability in their lives. . . . The
promotion of those objectives may be put at risk, if not
fatally compromised, by injecting undue delay for any
purpose into a termination proceeding.’’ (Citation omit-
ted.) In re Glerisbeth C., supra, 162 Conn. App. 280.
The claims concerning the respondent’s competency
were not raised during trial or appealed, and we find no
reason to further delay a final resolution for this child.
The judgment is affirmed.
* In accordance with the spirit and intent of General Statutes § 46b-142
(b) and Practice Book § 79a-12, the names of the parties involved in this
appeal are not disclosed. The records and papers of this case shall be open
for inspection only to persons having a proper interest therein and upon
order of the Appellate Court.
** February 8, 2016, the date that this decision was released as a slip
opinion, is the operative date for all substantive and procedural purposes.
1
The parental rights of Samuel’s father were also terminated. The respon-
dent father was defaulted during the trial for a failure to appear. He did not
join the respondent mother in filing this motion to open and is not a party
to this appeal. In this opinion, we refer to the respondent mother as the
respondent.
2
The court, on its own motion and without prejudice, appointed a guardian
ad litem to assist the respondent after she indicated that she had ‘‘a lot of
medical issues including memory loss.’’
3
The trial commenced on January 26, 2015, but on that date the court,
Dyer, J., declared a mistrial once it was determined that the petitioner
would present evidence of the respondent’s initial phone call to the clerk’s
office requesting her son’s removal from their home. The court, Dyer, J.,
had been presiding in an administrative capacity at the courthouse on the
day the phone call was answered in the clerk’s office, and at that time had
been informed about the respondent’s request and statements. The case
therefore was transferred to the Child Protection Session in Middletown.