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NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37
COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
PENNSYLVANIA
Appellee
v.
JAMES WESTBROOK
Appellant No. 880 EDA 2015
Appeal from the PCRA Order March 6, 2015
In the Court of Common Pleas of Philadelphia County
Criminal Division at No(s): CP-51-CR-1105621-2004
BEFORE: BOWES, J., MUNDY, J., and PLATT, J.*
MEMORANDUM BY MUNDY, J.: FILED APRIL 15, 2016
Appellant, James Westbrook, appeals from the March 6, 2015 order
dismissing his first petition for relief filed pursuant to the Post Conviction
Relief Act (PCRA), 42 Pa.C.S.A. §§ 9541-9456. In addition, Appellant’s
counsel has filed with this Court a petition to withdraw, together with a
Turner/Finley1 no-merit letter. After careful review, we grant counsel’s
petition to withdraw and affirm.
We summarize the relevant procedural history of this case as follows.
On January 26, 2005, Appellant entered a negotiated guilty plea to one
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*
Retired Senior Judge assigned to the Superior Court.
1
Commonwealth v. Turner, 544 A.2d 927 (Pa. 1988); Commonwealth
v. Finley, 550 A.2d 213 (Pa. Super 1988) (en banc).
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count of possession with the intent to deliver a controlled substance. 2 That
same day, the trial court imposed a sentence of two to four years’
imprisonment to run concurrently with all sentences he was then serving.
Appellant did not file a direct appeal.
On April 11, 2013, Appellant filed a PCRA petition through the
Defender Association of Philadelphia. On January 28, 2015, the PCRA court
issued notice of its intention to dismiss the PCRA petition without a hearing
pursuant to Pennsylvania Rule of Criminal Procedure 907. On February 27,
2015, Appellant filed a pro se response to the Rule 907 notice. On March 6,
2015, the PCRA court dismissed the PCRA petition. Appellant timely filed,
pro se, a notice of appeal on March 18, 2015.3
On April 29, 2015, appellate counsel entered his appearance on
Appellant’s behalf. On May 4, 2015, the PCRA court issued an order
pursuant to Pennsylvania Rule of Appellate Procedure 1925, directing
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2
35 P.S. § 780-113(a)(30).
3
We note that because Appellant was represented at the time he filed his
pro se response to the Rule 907 notice and pro se notice of appeal, those
filings may be deemed legal nullities. Commonwealth v. Nischan, 928
A.2d 349, 355 (Pa. Super. 2007) (noting that a defendant’s pro se filings
while represented by counsel are legal nullities), appeal denied, 936 A.2d 40
(Pa. 2007); accord Commonwealth v. Hall, 476 A.2d 7, 9-10 (Pa. Super.
1984). However, the subsequent actions of the PCRA court, this Court, and
Appellant’s counsel, discussed below, have perfected this appeal. See
Commonwealth v. Cooper, 27 A.3d 994, 1008 (Pa. 2011) (holding that a
pro se notice of appeal filed by a represented appellant shall be considered
merely premature if counsel and the trial court take appropriate actions to
perfect the appeal). Therefore, we do not quash this appeal.
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Appellant to file a concise statement of errors complained of on appeal
within 21 days. On May 13, 2015, the Defender Association of Philadelphia
filed a motion to withdraw its representation, which the PCRA court granted
on May 29, 2015.
On August 26, 2015, this Court issued a per curiam order remanding
the case to the PCRA court to allow Appellant to file a Rule 1925(b) concise
statement and for the preparation of an opinion by the PCRA court. On
September 2, 2015, Appellant filed a Rule 1925(b) concise statement nunc
pro tunc in the PCRA court. On October 13, 2015, the PCRA court issued its
Rule 1925(a) opinion. The PCRA court returned the record to this Court and
this case is now ready for disposition.
On November 4, 2015, counsel filed a petition to withdraw
representation in this Court, together with a Turner/Finley no-merit letter.
Appellant did not respond to the Turner/Finley letter.
In his Turner/Finley letter, counsel identifies the following issue
Appellant seeks to have reviewed.
1. The PCRA [c]ourt erred by denying [A]ppellant a
hearing and PCRA relief on his claim alleging that he
was entitled to a new trial on account of newly-
discovered evidence predicated on the arrest of the
officer, who arrested [A]ppellant, for crimes
including fabrication of evidence.
Turner/Finley Letter at 3.
“On appeal from the denial of PCRA relief, our standard and scope of
review is limited to determining whether the PCRA court’s findings are
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supported by the record and without legal error.” Commonwealth v.
Edmiston, 65 A.3d 339, 345 (Pa. 2013) (citation omitted), cert. denied,
Edmiston v. Pennsylvania, 134 S. Ct. 639 (2013). “[Our] scope of review
is limited to the findings of the PCRA court and the evidence of record,
viewed in the light most favorable to the prevailing party at the PCRA court
level.” Commonwealth v. Koehler, 36 A.3d 121, 131 (Pa. 2012) (citation
omitted). In order to be eligible for PCRA relief, a petitioner must establish
that he has been convicted of a crime under the laws of this Commonwealth
and is currently serving a sentence of imprisonment, probation, or parole for
the crime. 42 Pa.C.S.A. § 9543(a)(1). A petitioner must plead and prove by
a preponderance of the evidence that his conviction or sentence arose from
one or more of the errors listed at 42 Pa.C.S.A. § 9543(a)(2). These issues
must be neither previously litigated nor waived. Id. § 9543(a)(3). “[T]his
Court applies a de novo standard of review to the PCRA court’s legal
conclusions.” Commonwealth v. Spotz, 18 A.3d 244, 259 (Pa. 2011)
(citation omitted).
In this case, the PCRA court dismissed Appellant’s PCRA petition
without conducting a hearing.
[T]he right to an evidentiary hearing on a post-
conviction petition is not absolute. It is within the
PCRA court’s discretion to decline to hold a hearing if
the petitioner’s claim is patently frivolous and has no
support either in the record or other evidence. It is
the responsibility of the reviewing court on appeal to
examine each issue raised in the PCRA petition in
light of the record certified before it in order to
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determine if the PCRA court erred in its
determination that there were no genuine issues of
material fact in controversy and in denying relief
without conducting an evidentiary hearing.
Commonwealth v. Wah, 42 A.3d 335, 338 (Pa. Super. 2012), quoting
Commonwealth v. Turetsky, 925 A.2d 876, 882 (Pa. Super. 2007)
(citations omitted), appeal denied, 940 A.2d 365 (Pa. 2007); see also
generally Pa.R.Crim.P. 907. “We stress that an evidentiary hearing is not
meant to function as a fishing expedition for any possible evidence that may
support some speculative claim ….” Commonwealth v. Roney, 79 A.3d
595, 604-605 (Pa. 2013) (citations and internal quotation marks omitted),
cert. denied, Roney v. Pennsylvania, 135 S. Ct. 56 (2014). We review a
PCRA court’s decision to dismiss without a hearing for an abuse of discretion.
Id. at 604.
Before we consider Appellant’s arguments, we must review PCRA
counsel’s request to withdraw from representation. As described by our
Supreme Court, the requirements PCRA counsel must adhere to when
requesting to withdraw include the following.
1) A “no-merit” letter by PC[R]A counsel detailing
the nature and extent of his review;
2) The “no-merit” letter by PC[R]A counsel listing
each issue the petitioner wished to have reviewed;
3) The PC[R]A counsel’s “explanation”, in the “no-
merit” letter, of why the petitioner’s issues were
meritless[.]
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Commonwealth v. Pitts, 981 A.2d 875, 876 n.1 (Pa. 2009), quoting
Finley, supra at 215. “Counsel must also send to the petitioner: (1) a copy
of the “no-merit” letter/brief; (2) a copy of counsel’s petition to withdraw;
and (3) a statement advising petitioner of the right to proceed pro se or by
new counsel.” Commonwealth v. Wrecks, 931 A.2d 717, 721 (Pa. Super.
2007).
[W]here counsel submits a petition and no-
merit letter that do satisfy the technical demands of
Turner/Finley, the court - trial court or this Court -
must then conduct its own review of the merits of
the case. If the court agrees with counsel that the
claims are without merit, the court will permit
counsel to withdraw and deny relief. By contrast, if
the claims appear to have merit, the court will deny
counsel’s request and grant relief, or at least instruct
counsel to file an advocate’s brief.
Id. (citation omitted).
Here, we conclude that counsel has complied with the technical
requirements of Turner/Finley. Specifically, counsel’s Turner/Finley letter
details the nature and extent of his review, addresses the claims Appellant
raised in his PCRA petition and Rule 1925(b) statement, and determines that
the issues lack merit. Counsel provides a discussion of Appellant’s claim,
explaining why the issue is without merit. Additionally, counsel served
Appellant with a copy of the petition to withdraw and Turner/Finley letter,
advising Appellant that, if counsel was permitted to withdraw, Appellant had
the right to proceed pro se or with privately retained counsel. We proceed,
therefore, to conduct an independent merits review of Appellant’s claims.
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Turning to the merits of Appellant’s issues on appeal, Appellant has
not pled or proved that he is eligible for PCRA relief. Appellant was
sentenced on January 26, 2005 to two to four years’ imprisonment, to run
concurrently to any other sentence he was already serving. Therefore, it
appears that Appellant’s sentence maxed out on January 26, 2009. The
PCRA court concluded that Appellant was not eligible for PCRA relief because
he completed his sentence in 2009. PCRA Court Opinion, 10/13/15, at 3.
Appellant’s pro se response to the PCRA court’s Rule 907 notice does not
assert that he was still serving a sentence in this case or that he was eligible
for PCRA relief. Similarly, in his Turner/Finley letter, appellate counsel
concurs that Appellant’s sentence concluded in 2009, and his PCRA claims
are now moot. Turner/Finley Letter at 5-6. Likewise, the Commonwealth’s
brief states that Appellant’s sentence was never revoked or modified, and it
expired on January 26, 2009. Commonwealth’s Brief at 5. Further, the
Commonwealth advises that it has contacted the records supervisor for the
Department of Corrections at State Correctional Institute Mahanoy, who
confirmed that Appellant completed his sentence in this case on January 26,
2009. Id. at 5 n.3.
Appellant is ineligible for PCRA relief. To be eligible for relief under the
PCRA, the petitioner must be “currently serving a sentence of imprisonment,
probation or parole for the crime.” 42 Pa.C.S.A. § 9543(a)(1)(i). Our
Supreme Court has held that as soon as his sentence is completed, the
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petitioner becomes ineligible for PCRA relief, regardless of whether he was
serving his sentence when he filed the petition. Commonwealth v.
Ahlborn, 699 A.2d 718, 720 (Pa. 1997); Commonwealth v. Matin, 832
A.2d 1141, 1143 (Pa. Super. 2003), appeal denied, 843 A.2d 1237 (Pa.
2004). It is the petitioner’s burden to plead and prove that he is currently
serving a sentence in order to be eligible for PCRA relief. 42 Pa.C.S.A.
§ 9543(a)(1)(i). Appellant has failed to meet his burden to plead and prove
he is serving a sentence in this case.
Based on the foregoing, we agree with counsel that the issues
Appellant raises in this appeal are meritless. Further, the trial court did not
abuse its discretion by disposing of Appellant’s petition without a hearing.
See Roney, supra. Therefore, we grant counsel’s petition to withdraw, and
we conclude the PCRA court properly dismissed Appellant’s PCRA petition
without a hearing because Appellant is not eligible for PCRA relief in this
case. Accordingly, the PCRA court’s March 6, 2015 order is affirmed.
Order affirmed. Petition to withdraw as counsel granted.
Judge Platt joins the memorandum.
Judge Bowes concurs in the result.
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Judgment Entered.
Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq.
Prothonotary
Date: 4/15/2016
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