J-S33033-16
NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37
COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
PENNSYLVANIA
Appellee
v.
JOHNATHAN MATTHEWS
Appellant No. 1568 WDA 2015
Appeal from the Judgment of Sentence September 22, 2015
In the Court of Common Pleas of Erie County
Criminal Division at No(s): CP-25-CR-0000117-2015
BEFORE: GANTMAN, P.J., OLSON, J., and FITZGERALD, J.*
MEMORANDUM BY GANTMAN, P.J.: FILED MAY 05, 2016
Appellant, Johnathan Matthews, appeals from the judgment of
sentence entered in the Erie County Court of Common Pleas, following his
open guilty plea to robbery, access device fraud, unlawful restraint, and
unauthorized use of automobiles.1 We affirm and grant counsel’s petition to
withdraw.
The relevant facts and procedural history of this case are as follows.
On November 10, 2014, Appellant grabbed Audrey Stadler (“Victim”) by the
throat and forced her into the stairwell of her apartment building at
gunpoint. Appellant subsequently threatened Victim and demanded that
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1
18 Pa.C.S.A. §§ 3701(a)(1)(iii), 4106(a)(1), 2902(a)(1), and 3928(a),
respectively.
___________________________
*Former Justice specially assigned to the Superior Court.
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Victim hand over her apartment keys, cell phone, and a set of car keys.
Victim complied with Appellant’s demands. Upon realizing that Victim had
no money with her, Appellant forced Victim upstairs to her apartment to
retrieve her ATM card. After Victim retrieved her ATM card, Appellant forced
Victim into her boyfriend’s car using the car keys Appellant had taken from
Victim. Appellant proceeded to drive Victim to Northwest Savings Bank,
where Victim withdrew one hundred and sixty dollars ($160.00) from her
account and gave it to Appellant. Appellant then drove Victim back to her
apartment building and fled the scene.
On February 20, 2015, the Commonwealth charged Appellant with
kidnapping, terroristic threats, simple assault, theft by unlawful taking,
receiving stolen property, robbery of a motor vehicle, access device fraud,
unlawful restraint, unauthorized use of automobiles, and three counts of
robbery. On July 7, 2015, Appellant entered an open guilty plea to one
count each of robbery, access device fraud, unlawful restraint, and
unauthorized use of automobiles, in exchange for the Commonwealth’s
request that the court enter nolle prosequi on the remaining charges against
Appellant. The court deferred sentencing pending the preparation of a pre-
sentence investigation (“PSI”) report.
On September 22, 2015, the court sentenced Appellant to concurrent
terms of sixty (60) to one hundred and forty four (144) months’
incarceration for the robbery conviction, nineteen (19) to sixty (60) months’
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incarceration for the access device fraud conviction, seventeen (17) to sixty
(60) months’ incarceration for the unlawful restraint conviction, and nine (9)
to twenty-four (24) months’ incarceration for the unauthorized use of
automobiles conviction. The sentence imposed for each conviction was in
the aggravated range of the sentencing guidelines. At the sentencing
hearing, the court stated on the record that it imposed aggravated range
sentences because: (1) the offenses involved threats of violence and taking
items by force; (2) Appellant has multiple convictions in two other states;
and (3) Appellant was on supervision in two other states when he committed
the instant offenses. The court further explained it decided to impose
Appellant’s sentences concurrently because Appellant came forward and took
responsibility for his actions by pleading guilty. On September 24, 2015,
Appellant timely filed a post-sentence motion, which the court denied on
September 25, 2015. On October 6, 2015, Appellant’s counsel timely filed a
notice of appeal and a statement of intent to file an Anders brief pursuant
to Pa.R.A.P. 1925(c)(4). On January 21, 2016, counsel filed an Anders brief
and a petition for leave to withdraw as counsel with this Court.
As a preliminary matter, counsel seeks to withdraw his representation
pursuant to Anders v. California, 386 U.S. 738, 87 S.Ct. 1396, 18 L.Ed.2d
493 (1967) and Commonwealth v. Santiago, 602 Pa. 159, 978 A.2d 349
(2009). Anders and Santiago require counsel to: 1) petition the Court for
leave to withdraw, certifying that after a thorough review of the record,
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counsel has concluded the issues to be raised are wholly frivolous; 2) file a
brief referring to anything in the record that might arguably support the
appeal; and 3) furnish a copy of the brief to the appellant and advise him of
his right to obtain new counsel or file a pro se brief to raise any additional
points the appellant deems worthy of review. Santiago, supra at 173-79,
978 A.2d at 358-61. Substantial compliance with these requirements is
sufficient. Commonwealth v. Wrecks, 934 A.2d 1287, 1290 (Pa.Super.
2007).
In Santiago, supra, our Supreme Court addressed the briefing
requirements where court-appointed appellate counsel seeks to withdraw
representation:
Neither Anders nor McClendon2 requires that counsel’s
brief provide an argument of any sort, let alone the type of
argument that counsel develops in a merits brief. To
repeat, what the brief must provide under Anders are
references to anything in the record that might arguably
support the appeal.
* * *
Under Anders, the right to counsel is vindicated by
counsel’s examination and assessment of the record and
counsel’s references to anything in the record that
arguably supports the appeal.
Santiago, supra at 176, 177, 978 A.2d at 359, 360. Thus, the Court held:
[I]n the Anders brief that accompanies court-appointed
counsel’s petition to withdraw, counsel must: (1) provide a
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2
Commonwealth v. McClendon, 495 Pa. 467, 434 A.2d 1185 (1981).
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summary of the procedural history and facts, with citations
to the record; (2) refer to anything in the record that
counsel believes arguably supports the appeal; (3) set
forth counsel’s conclusion that the appeal is frivolous; and
(4) state counsel’s reasons for concluding that the appeal
is frivolous. Counsel should articulate the relevant facts of
record, controlling case law, and/or statutes on point that
have led to the conclusion that the appeal is frivolous.
Id. at 178-79, 978 A.2d at 361.
Instantly, counsel filed a petition to withdraw. The petition states
counsel conducted a conscientious review of the record and determined the
appeal is wholly frivolous. Counsel also supplied Appellant with a copy of
the brief and a letter explaining Appellant’s right to retain new counsel or to
proceed pro se to raise any additional issues Appellant deems worthy of this
Court’s attention. (See Letter to Appellant, dated 1/19/16, attached to
Petition for Leave to Withdraw as Counsel.) In the Anders brief, counsel
provides a summary of the facts and procedural history of the case.
Counsel’s argument refers to relevant law that might arguably support
Appellant’s issues. Counsel further states the reasons for her conclusion
that the appeal is wholly frivolous. Therefore, counsel has substantially
complied with the requirements of Anders and Santiago.
Counsel raises the following issue on Appellant’s behalf:
WHETHER...APPELLANT’S SENTENCE IS MANIFESTLY
EXCESSIVE, CLEARLY UNREASONABLE, AND
INCONSISTENT WITH THE OBJECTIVES OF THE
SENTENCING CODE?
(Anders Brief at 3).
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Appellant argues the court failed to consider properly certain
mitigating factors when it sentenced Appellant in the aggravated range of
the sentencing guidelines for each offense. Appellant specifically contends
that his guilty plea and apology to the Victim negated the need for an
aggravated range sentence. Appellant also avers the court could have
achieved the objectives of the Pennsylvania Sentencing Code without the
imposition of sentences in the aggravated range of the sentencing
guidelines. Appellant concludes the court’s failure to consider these
mitigating factors makes his sentences excessive, unreasonable, and
inconsistent with the objectives of the Pennsylvania Sentencing Code, and
we should vacate and remand for resentencing. As presented, Appellant
challenges the discretionary aspects of his sentence.3 See Commonwealth
v. Lutes, 793 A.2d 949 (Pa.Super. 2002) (stating claim that sentence is
manifestly excessive challenges discretionary aspects of sentencing).
Challenges to the discretionary aspects of sentencing do not entitle an
appellant to an appeal as of right. Commonwealth v. Sierra, 752 A.2d
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3
“[W]hile a guilty plea which includes sentence negotiation ordinarily
precludes a defendant from contesting the validity of his...sentence other
than to argue that the sentence is illegal or that the sentencing court did not
have jurisdiction, open plea agreements are an exception in which a
defendant will not be precluded from appealing the discretionary aspects of
the sentence.” Commonwealth v. Tirado, 870 A.2d 362, 365 n.5
(Pa.Super. 2005) (emphasis in original). “An ‘open’ plea agreement is one
in which there is no negotiated sentence.” Id. at 363 n.1. Here, Appellant’s
guilty plea included no negotiated sentence.
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910 (Pa.Super. 2000). Prior to reaching the merits of a discretionary
aspects of sentencing issue:
[W]e conduct a four-part analysis to determine: (1)
whether appellant has filed a timely notice of appeal, see
Pa.R.A.P. 902 and 903; (2) whether the issue was properly
preserved at sentencing or in a motion to reconsider and
modify sentence, see Pa.R.Crim.P. 720; (3) whether
appellant’s brief has a fatal defect, Pa.R.A.P. 2119(f); and
(4) whether there is a substantial question that the
sentence appealed from is not appropriate under the
Sentencing Code, 42 Pa.C.S.A. § 9781(b).
Commonwealth v. Evans, 901 A.2d 528, 533 (Pa.Super. 2006), appeal
denied, 589 Pa. 727, 909 A.2d 303 (2006). Objections to the discretionary
aspects of sentence are generally waived if they are not raised at the
sentencing hearing or raised in a motion to modify the sentence imposed at
that hearing. Commonwealth v. Mann, 820 A.2d 788, 794 (Pa.Super.
2003), appeal denied, 574 Pa. 759, 831 A.2d 599 (2003).
When appealing the discretionary aspects of a sentence, an appellant
must invoke the appellate court’s jurisdiction by including in his brief a
separate concise statement demonstrating that there is a substantial
question as to the appropriateness of the sentence under the Sentencing
Code. Commonwealth v. Mouzon, 571 Pa. 419, 812 A.2d 617 (2002);
Pa.R.A.P. 2119(f). “The requirement that an appellant separately set forth
the reasons relied upon for allowance of appeal furthers the purpose evident
in the Sentencing Code as a whole of limiting any challenges to the trial
court’s evaluation of the multitude of factors impinging on the sentencing
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decision to exceptional cases.” Commonwealth v. Phillips, 946 A.2d 103,
112 (Pa.Super. 2008), appeal denied, 600 Pa. 745, 964 A.2d 895 (2009),
cert. denied, 556 U.S. 1264, 129 S.Ct. 2450, 174 L.Ed.2d 240 (2009).
The determination of what constitutes a substantial question must be
evaluated on a case-by-case basis. Commonwealth v. Anderson, 830
A.2d 1013 (Pa.Super. 2003). A substantial question exists “only when the
appellant advances a colorable argument that the sentencing judge’s actions
were either: (1) inconsistent with a specific provision of the Sentencing
Code; or (2) contrary to the fundamental norms which underlie the
sentencing process.” Sierra, supra at 913. A claim of excessiveness can
raise a substantial question as to the appropriateness of a sentence under
the Sentencing Code, even if the sentence is within the statutory limits.
Mouzon, supra at 430, 812 A.2d at 624. Importantly, an appellant’s
allegation that the sentencing court imposed an aggravated range sentence
without consideration of mitigating circumstances raises a substantial
question. Commonwealth v. Felmlee, 828 A.2d 1105, 1107 (Pa.Super.
2003) (en banc).
Here, Appellant properly preserved his discretionary aspects of
sentencing claim in his post-sentence motion and Rule 2119(f) statement;
and this claim appears to raise a substantial question as to the discretionary
aspects of his sentence. See Felmlee, supra.
Our standard of review of a challenge to the discretionary aspects of
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sentencing is as follows:
Sentencing is a matter vested in the sound discretion of
the sentencing judge, and a sentence will not be disturbed
on appeal absent a manifest abuse of discretion. In this
context, an abuse of discretion is not shown merely by an
error in judgment. Rather, the appellant must establish,
by reference to the record, that the sentencing court
ignored or misapplied the law, exercised its judgment for
reasons of partiality, prejudice, bias or ill will, or arrived at
a manifestly unreasonable decision.
Commonwealth v. Hyland, 875 A.2d 1175, 1184 (Pa.Super. 2005), appeal
denied, 586 Pa. 723, 890 A.2d 1057 (2005) (quoting Commonwealth v.
Rodda, 723 A.2d 212, 214 (Pa.Super. 1999) (en banc)).
Pursuant to Section 9721(b), “the court shall follow the general
principle that the sentence imposed should call for confinement that is
consistent with the protection of the public, the gravity of the offense as it
relates to the impact on the life of the victim and on the community, and the
rehabilitative needs of the defendant.” 42 Pa.C.S.A. § 9721(b). “[T]he
court shall make as part of the record, and disclose in open court at the time
of sentencing, a statement of the reason or reasons for the sentence
imposed.” Id. Nevertheless, “[a] sentencing court need not undertake a
lengthy discourse for its reasons for imposing a sentence or specifically
reference the statute in question….” Commonwealth v. Crump, 995 A.2d
1280, 1283 (Pa.Super. 2010), appeal denied, 608 Pa. 661, 13 A.3d 475
(2010). Rather, the record as a whole must reflect the sentencing court’s
consideration of the facts of the case and the defendant’s character. Id. “In
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particular, the court should refer to the defendant’s prior criminal record, his
age, personal characteristics and his potential for rehabilitation.”
Commonwealth v. Griffin, 804 A.2d 1, 10 (Pa.Super. 2002), appeal
denied, 582 Pa. 671, 868 A.2d 1198 (2005), cert denied, 545 U.S. 1148,
125 S.Ct. 2984, 162 L.Ed.2d 902 (2005).
Instantly, the court had the benefit of a PSI report at sentencing.
Therefore, we can presume it considered the relevant factors when it
sentenced Appellant. See Tirado, supra at 368 (holding where sentencing
court had benefit of PSI, law presumes court was aware of and weighed
relevant information regarding defendant’s character and mitigating factors).
Additionally, the court stated on the record that it considered the Sentencing
Code, the Pennsylvania sentencing guidelines, Appellant’s character, and the
seriousness of the offenses when it imposed Appellant’s sentences.
Specifically, the court indicated it decided to sentence Appellant in the
aggravated range because of the violent nature of the offenses, Appellant’s
multiple convictions in two other states, and the fact that Appellant
committed the current offenses while under supervision in two other states.
Significantly, the court also accounted for Appellant’s apology to Victim, and
the fact that Appellant took responsibility for his actions, by imposing
Appellant’s sentences concurrently. Under these circumstances, the court
adequately considered the relevant mitigating factors when it imposed
Appellant’s sentences. Therefore, Appellant’s discretionary aspects of
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sentencing claim merits no relief. See Hyland, supra. Accordingly, we
affirm the judgment of sentence and grant counsel’s petition to withdraw.
Judgment of sentence affirmed; counsel’s petition to withdraw is
granted.
Fitzgerald, J. joins this memorandum.
Olson, J. concurs in the result.
Judgment Entered.
Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq.
Prothonotary
Date: 5/5/2016
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