James J. Harris filed this suit on October 14, 1919, against the Southern Railway Company, a corporation, and Walker D. Hines, Director General of Railroads, for damages for killing a dog. On January 13, 1921, John Barton Payne, as Director General of Railroads, as Agent, under section 206 of the Transportation Act of 1920 (41 Stat. 461), was on application by order of the court made a party defendant in lieu and instead of the original defendant.
The defendants demurred to the complaint. It was overruled by the court. There is only one count in the complaint. It avers that plaintiff owned a dog, its value is alleged, and that it was negligently killed by the defendants, its agent or servant, while acting within the scope of his employment and authority, by negligently running its engine over it.
This count alleges "actionable negligence," and the demurrers to it were properly overruled. L. N. R. Co. v. Fitzpatrick,129 Ala. 322, 29 So. 859, 87 Am. St. Rep. 64; Cent. of Ga. Ry. Co. v. Martin, 150 Ala. 388, 43 So. 563; Tenn. A. G. R. Co. v. Daniel, 200 Ala. 600, 76 So. 958.
Each defendant pleaded the general issue. There was a verdict against the defendants, judgment thereon by the court, and each defendant appeals therefrom.
A dog is personal property. L. N. R. Co. v. Fitzpatrick,129 Ala. 322, 29 So. 859, 87 Am. St. Rep. 64. In Selma St. S. R. Co. v. Martin, 2 Ala. App. 544, 56 So. 603, Judge Walker wrote:
"When it is shown that one's dog was killed by the car of any railroad company, the statute in question [section 5476 of Code of 1907] puts the burden of proof in any suit brought therefor on the railroad company to show that there was no negligence on the part of the company or its agents."
This opinion was modified in part by this court in Ex parte Selma St. S. R. Co., 177 Ala. 473, 59 So. 169, in which it held that section 5476 of the Code of 1907 was not *Page 535 "intended to apply to street railroad companies operating as such on the streets of a city." See, also, Appel v. Selma St. S. R. Co., 177 Ala. 457, 59 So. 164.
The proof shows the dog belonged to the plaintiff. Its value was from $50 to $150. It was killed in October or November, 1918. The evidence tended to show it was killed by an engine of the Southern Railway Company while being operated on its track. The dog's head was mashed off. When found its head was between the rails of the Southern Railway Company's track, and its body was just outside of the rail. This evidence made out a prima facie case of a right to recover on the part of plaintiff, and shifted the burden of proof onto the railroad company to show the death of the dog was caused by no negligence on the part of the railroad company or its agents. The defendants offered no evidence except on the value of the dog. Hence the general affirmative charge, with hypothesis, requested in writing by defendant John Barton Payne, as Director General of Railroads, as Agent, was properly refused by the court; and as to him this judgment must be affirmed.
When this cause of action arose in October or November, 1918, the Southern Railway Company and other railroad systems of transportation were being operated by and under control of the federal government. The Southern Railway cannot be sued or held liable for the negligent acts of the railroad administration during the governmental control, management, and operation of its property. Charlton v. A. G. S. R. Co., 206 Ala. 341,89 So. 710; Crim v. L. N. R. Co., 206 Ala. 110, 89 So. 376; Currie v. L. N. R. Co., 206 Ala. 402, 90 So. 313, 19 A.L.R. 675.
The Southern Railway Company was not a proper party defendant in this case. This suit, under the evidence, cannot be maintained against it. The general affirmative charge, with hypothesis requested in writing by it, should have been given by the court. As to the Southern Railway Company, this judgment will be reversed and rendered.
Under the authority of North Ala. T. Co. v. Hays, 184 Ala. 592,64 So. 39, this judgment is affirmed as to John Barton Payne, as Director General of Railroads; and the judgment against the Southern Railway Company for the error mentioned will be reversed, and a judgment here entered dismissing the case as to it, and defendant John Barton Payne, as Director General of Railroads, is taxed with the cost.
Reversed and rendered in part, and affirmed in part.
ANDERSON, C. J., and SAYRE and GARDNER, JJ., concur.