ACTION of ejectment. A commission de bene esse had issued in vacation to take the testimony of aged, infirm and departing witnesses, and on the trial the plaintiff offered in evidence the deposition of an aged and infirm female witness which had been taken under it, proof having been first produced at the stand that the deponent was aged and very infirm, and owing to a severe attack of paralysis, had not been able to walk for two years, and *Page 127 had not been out of her house within that time, and that her residence was sixteen miles from Court. One of the witnesses, however, qualified his statement by adding that she might be brought to court by laying her in a carriage; but none of them had seen her for a week previously. Upon this, objection was made by the counsel for the defendant, to the admissibility of her deposition, because it did not sufficiently appear that she was then, or had at any time been actually unable by reason of her infirmity to attend as a witness, and if even such was the case, it should be shown by subpoena, or attachment and return of the sheriff to that effect, as the best and only proper proof of the fact under the circumstances.
But the Court overruled the objection. Paralysis, such as has been proved in this instance, is usually a continuing infirmity, and, as it had been shown that the deponent has not been able to walk for two years past, up to a very recent period at least, it would be presumed to continue and still exist, unless the contrary appeared. It was also competent to prove her infirmity and consequent inability to attend as a witness, without resorting to a summons, or attachment, and the return of the sheriff, by other evidence, such as had been already adduced at the bar of the court.
A further objection was then taken to the deposition, because it did not appear by the return to the commission on which it was taken, that the commissioner had been sworn or affirmed, and was duly qualified to execute it.
The Court, however, admitted the deposition. This is a commission de bene esse to take the testimony of aged, infirm and going witnesses in the State. It does not appear, nor is it usual to appear, by the return of the commissioner, that he was sworn, or affirmed and duly *Page 128 qualified to perform his duty with fidelity. But admitting for the sake of argument that he was not in fact so qualified, we should not be prepared, for that reason merely, to exclude the deposition in the absence of any positive provision of law, or rule, or practice of the court, requiring that such a commissioner should be so qualified. But we are not aware of any such provision, rule, or practice; and as it is not usual for this to appear by the return of the commissioner, it would not be improper to infer as this matter now stands before the court, that the commissioner, as an officer of the court, has performed his whole duty in the case; and if necessary, that he was duly qualified to execute the commission. The courts of England in some cases, on application for commissioners to take testimony in foreign countries, have omitted the usual command to the commissioners in such commissions, to be sworn, or affirmed. 1 Greenl. Ev. sec. 320.Ponsford v. O'Connor, 5 M. W. 673. Clay v. Stephenson, 3 Ad. Ellis, 807. In cases of commissions issued out of this court to the commissioners appointed in other States by the executive of this, to take depositions to be used here, the law providing for their appointment, requires that they shall take a general oath or affirmation before entering upon the duties of their office, and in all such cases, the court will presume that they have complied with the requirements of the statute.