On May 12, 1916, there was filed in the office of the register of deeds of Wayne county a plat designated "Leland Heights Sub'n" of a part of section 12 in the township of Greenfield, in that county. On it appeared a street 75 feet wide, designated "Marx Boulevard," four blocks (approximately 2,200 feet) in length. The then owners dedicated the "streets and alleys" shown thereon "to the use of the public." On November 7, 1916, this property was duly annexed to the city of Detroit. The plaintiffs purchased a lot fronting on this street in 1924. Prior to their purchase, their grantor, Frank Vettes, had joined with about 75 owners of other lots in a petition to the common council, asking for the pavement thereof from the Six-mile road to Nevada avenue. The street was referred to in this petition as "Marx Ave." Proceedings were taken in compliance with the petition, and the pavement laid. A special assessment was levied against the lots fronting on the boulevard. Plaintiffs here *Page 592 seek to enjoin the city from collecting such special assessment, for the reason that the expense of paving the boulevards in the city must be paid by public taxation. The trial court entered a decree dismissing the bill, from which plaintiffs have taken an appeal.
Plaintiffs rely upon our decisions in Miller v. City ofDetroit, 244 Mich. 38; Doherty v. City of Detroit, 244 Mich. 660, and Coburn v. City of Wyandotte, 245 Mich. 315. The holding in these cases may be thus summarized: The paving of a boulevard is not a local improvement; a city may not, after annexation, change the designation of boulevards to streets, and thus render lot owners liable to special assessments for paving; determination as to whether a certain highway is a street or boulevard does not depend solely upon the name given to it on the plat, but is dependent upon its physical aspect, its width, its length, provision for giving it a parklike appearance by reserving spaces at the sides or center for shade trees, etc., The question here presented is whether this street is a boulevard in fact.
While the name given to it on the plat and its approval by the proper authorities may be said to prima facie establish its character, this may be overcome. It is somewhat significant that in the dedication it was referred to as a street. As platted, it was but four blocks in length. It now extends a distance of two miles, and in the connecting plats is stated to be an avenue. It is narrower than any of the streets involved in the cases above cited, and has none of the characteristics of a boulevard. It has been treated as a street since taken into the city in 1916, and, while the petition for its pavement, signed by plaintiffs' grantor, does not preclude him from resisting liability for the special *Page 593 assessment (Miller v. City of Detroit, supra), it clearly indicates that these lot owners had no thought in mind at the time of their purchase that their lots would be relieved from the expense incident to such paving. In our opinion this street is not a boulevard in fact.
The decree dismissing plaintiffs' bill is affirmed, with costs to appellees.
NORTH, C.J., and FEAD, BUTZEL, WIEST, CLARK, McDONALD, and POTTER, JJ., concurred.