Ejectment, submitted on the following case agreed: The feme lessor, Susan E. Beckwith, while the wife of Watrous Beckwith, now deceased, signed a deed in due form of law to convey her interest in the premises, which she owned in fee, prior to her coverture. The probate, examination, and report on the said deed are as follows, viz.:
February Probate Court, 1827.
NORTH CAROLINA — Pasquotank County.
This deed of bargain and sale from Watrous Beckwith and wife, Susan E., and William Shaw and Edmund Blunt, to John M. Skinner, with a release thereon from said John M. Skinner to the said Watrous and Susan E. for the burying ground, was exhibited in open court, and the execution thereof by the said Watrous, William, Edmund, and John was proved by the oath of Thomas L. Shannonhouse, one (401) of the subscribing witnesses thereto, and acknowledged by Susan E.; and on motion in open court, Lemuel Jennings, Esq., one of the presiding justices, was appointed to take the private examination of the said Susan E., as to her consent in signing said deed, who reported she acknowledged to have signed it of her own free will and accord, without any compulsion from her said husband. Ordered to be recorded.
The presiding judge being of opinion that the probate, examination, report, and registration were not good and sufficient and available to pass title to a feme covert's lands, directed a judgment in favor of the plaintiff, which was entered, and from which the defendant appealed. The lessor of the plaintiff, while a feme covert, had executed two deeds; and it was agreed that if the "probate, examination, *Page 274 report, and registration" on either of them was sufficient in law, judgment was to be entered for the defendant. But if the probate, etc., on neither was sufficient, then judgment was to be entered for the plaintiff. His Honor was of the latter opinion, and directed a judgment in favor of the plaintiff.
In this opinion we do not concur. In reference to the first deed, the record of the county court sets forth that it was exhibited in open court, and the execution thereof by the husband was proved by the oath of one of the subscribing witnesses, and it was acknowledged by the wife; "when on motion in open court, Lemuel Jennings, Esq., one of the presiding justices, was appointed to take the private examination of the said Susan E. (the wife) as to her consent in signing said deed, who reported she acknowledged to have signed it of her own free will and accord, without any compulsion from her said husband. Ordered to be recorded."
(402) The objection is that it is not set forth that upon her private examination she acknowledged, etc. All that is set forth in this record occurred at the same time. Joyner v. Faulcon, 37 N.C. 386;Etheridge v. Ferebee, 31 N.C. 312. A member of the court is appointed to take the private examination, according to the course of the court; this is done in its "verge," that is, in its presence and view; he reports that she acknowledged, etc. The fact that this acknowledgment was made upon the private examination which he was appointed to take is set forth not merely with "certainty to a common intent," but with "certainty to a certain intent"; and we hold that it is not necessary that it should be set forth with "certainty to a certain intent" in every particular, so as to excludeany inference to the contrary which might, by possibility be imagined. This extreme degree of certainty is not now required in criminal pleadings, and specimens of it are only to be found in certain special pleas, which are not favored by the courts. But if there was occasion for it, the inference is irresistible that the acknowledgment was made upon the private examination which a member of the court had been appointed to take. He acted in its presence, reports the acknowledgment, and the court acts uponit and orders the deed to be registered. This inference is irresistible, unless we adopt the conclusion that the county courts are wholly unfit for the business which, by law, is confided to them. In Etheridge v. Ferebee, cited above, it is decided that if two justices of the peace report to the court that they have taken the private examination, and the court receives the report and acts upon it, it will be inferred that the two justices were members of the court and had been appointed for that purpose. This case is the converse of that, and is fully sustained by it, as the rule must work both ways. *Page 275 Here the appointment, and the fact of the justice being a (403) member of the court, are set forth, and we infer the private examination, and there the private examination is set forth, and we infer the appointment and the fact of the justice being a member of the court; and as in that case, so in this, there is a circumstance that it is not necessary to call in aid of our conclusion, viz., the deed was proven as to the husband by a subscribing witness, which tends to negative the fact of his being present.
The fact that the deed was proven as to the husband, instead of beingacknowledged both by him and his wife, was not relied on in the argument; but it may be well to advert to it, as at one time there was an impression that the objection was fatal. All doubt upon this, however, is settled inJoyner v. Faulcon, cited above, and in Etheridge v. Ashbee, 31 N.C. 353. The point is not made, although the deed there was proven by a witness as to the husband, who did not acknowledge it, as is announced in the last case. This Court has "every disposition by fair construction to sustain the deeds of feme coverts" — and does not feel it to be a duty to become astute in detection informalities and irregularities whereby to avoid such deeds and throw the loss on innocent purchasers.
It is not necessary to notice the questions made as to the second deed upon the agreement of the parties.
Judgment reversed and judgment in favor of defendant.
PER CURIAM. Judgment accordingly.
Cited: Marshall v. Fisher, 46 N.C. 115; Freeman v. Hatley, 48 N.C. 119;Barwick v. Wood, ibid, 311; Leatherwood v. Boyd, 60 N.C. 124;Robbins v. Harris 96 N.C. 559; Sellers v. Sellers, 98 N.C. 18; Kidd v.Venable, 111 N.C. 538; Reynolds v. Cotton Mills, 177 N.C. 424; Frisbeev. Cole, 179 N.C. 474.
(404)