On 25 January, 1886, David L. Pritchard, then about 78 or 79 years of age, and suffering from cancer, of which he died on the 8th of March following, made and executed a deed to the defendant, David T. Pritchard, for the land now in controversy. The deed in form was a deed in fee simple upon the expressed consideration of $2,500. But the plaintiffs allege that in fact it was a deed in trust. They allege further that the grantor, David L. Pritchard, in view of the fact that he must soon die, and being in debt (to what extent does not appear), desired to provide for the payment of his debts out (60) of his land, and then to provide for his daughter and granddaughter, the plaintiffs in this action. To do this, he proposed to make *Page 38 a deed to his nephew, David T. Pritchard, the defendant in this action, in trust; that out of the rents and profits of said land, the defendant should first pay off and satisfy his debts, and, then he should convey two-thirds thereof to Mrs. Mary E. Hughes, the grantor's daughter, for life, and the remainder of this two-thirds to Miss Mary E. Hughes, the daughter of the life tenant and granddaughter of the grantor; and the other third was to be conveyed in fee to the children of the defendant in consideration of his services in taking charge of the land, receiving the rents, and paying the debts of the grantor.
These are the allegations contained in the complaint, and upon them the Court submitted the following issue: "At the time of and immediately preceding the execution and delivery of the deed from D. L. Pritchard to D. T. Pritchard, dated 25 January, 1886, was it agreed between said parties that the land therein described should be conveyed to and held by said D. T. Pritchard upon the terms and agreement set out in the complaint?" To this issue the answer was "Yes."
Suppose the allegations in the complaint, and contained in this issue, had been inserted in the deed, there could be no doubt but what the defendant would hold the land in trust, and that it would be his duty to convey two-thirds of it to the plaintiffs, as contended by them.
The plaintiff's evidence on this issue was direct and pointed and fully justified the finding of the jury, if the evidence was (61) competent. The plaintiffs showed by the testimony of Mr. Sawyer, who drew the deed, that the defendant came for him to do the writing; that they went to the grantor's house early in the morning; that the matter was talked over and fully understood by the parties; that the defendant was to give the grantor his note — it was stated in the sum of $5,000 but this was afterwards changed to $2,500 as the nominal consideration. But the terms agreed upon were that the defendant should take possession and control of the farm at once, and out of the proceeds of the farm pay the grantor's debts; and when this was done, to convey two-thirds to Mrs. Hughes for life, and the remainder of this two-thirds to her daughter, Miss Hughes. The other third was to be conveyed to the children of the defendant in consideration of the defendant's services and trouble. That he is not a lawyer, and did not know it was necessary to insert these stipulations and trusts in the deed, but he used the ordinary printed from and filled in the blanks. The evidence was objected to by the defendant upon the ground that it contradicted the deed. The objection cannot be sustained. It does not contradict the deed in any respect. The conveyance to the defendant in fee stands. It is necessary that he should have this to perform the trust. It is not an instance of declaring an absolute deed to be a mortgage, where it is necessary to show the ignorance of the draftsman or *Page 39 the mutual mistake of the parties. The title passed to the defendant, and, as there was a transmission of title, the plaintiffs have the right to show by parol evidence that the defendant took the title conveyed to him, subject to the parol trust declared by the grantor. Shelton v. Shelton,58 N.C. 292. This case has been approved in Riggs v. Swann,59 N.C. 118; Whitfield v. Cates, ib, 136; Shields v. Whitaker, 82 N.C. 516;Holmes v. Holmes, 86 N.C. 205. This disposes of the defendant's first two exceptions as to the evidence of Sawyer. (62)
There are two other exceptions to the refusal of the Court to allow the defendant to prove declarations of the grantor, as to the defendant's title, made after the date of the deed. We see no error in this. If the defendant had been allowed to prove what he proposed to prove, it could not have affected the case, as the deed itself showed all he proposed to prove.
There is no error, and the judgment is
Affirmed.