I respectfully dissent from the conclusion of my associates and feel constrained to set forth my reasons therefor, and as briefly as possible.
Before entering upon the merits of the case, I wish to state that I do not concur in the general observation in the majority opinion that the vacation of an order for a temporary injunction in this case lies within the sound discretion of the trial court. I have read several cases where this issue was considered and it is my understanding that in an action for injunction wherein the ultimate relief sought is the adjudication of plaintiff's property rights in and to a specific property, and where a temporary injunction had been granted upon the filing of the petition and thereafter dissolved, the dissolution of such temporary injunction is a final order and appealable.
Hersch v. Home Savings Loan Co., 59 Ohio App. 145,17 N.E.2d 377; Wioland v. Mayflower Motors, Inc., 80 Ohio App. 310, 75 N.E.2d 443.
On the other hand where an injunction is the ultimate relief *Page 49 sought, we find authorities which inferentially recognize the rule followed in the foregoing cases.
May Co. v. Bailey Co., 81 Ohio St. 471, 91 N.E. 183;Jones, Treas., v. First National Bank of Bellaire, 123 Ohio St. 642,176 N.E. 567; Tipling v. Randall Park Holding Co.,94 Ohio App. 505, 114 N.E.2d 279.
I call attention to some additional facts as disclosed on the record, to wit: that plaintiff and Joseph Cieslikowski, Sr., were married on February 7, 1942, and at the time of the marriage Joseph Cieslikowski, Sr., held the legal title to the real estate disclosed in the petition; also that the trial court granted plaintiff leave to amend her petition by alleging that the execution of said writ of possession would result in irreparable injury to plaintiff and that plaintiff does not have an adequate remedy at law.
Plaintiff claims that the trial court erred in dismissing the temporary injunction on the ground that the order of dissolution was contrary to law and prejudicial to plaintiff.
My consideration of the alleged errors constrains me to make the observation that plaintiff's petition does not exemplify the highest art in code pleading. The Code provides in express terms that the allegations in a pleading shall be in ordinary and concise language. Section 2309.04, Revised Code. The indefiniteness in the averments of plaintiff's petition and the uncertainty in the precise nature of plaintiff's claim could have been met by motion, timely filed, under Section 2309.34, Revised Code. No attack on the petition having been made, it must be regarded on this appeal as sufficient, unless, when liberally construed, it fails to state a cause of action.
However, the common-law rule which requires pleadings to be most strongly construed against the pleader has been abrogated by statute. (Section 2309.40, Revised Code.) Under the statute, courts are required to construe liberally the allegations in a pleading "with a view to substantial justice between the parties." In the early case of McCurdy v. Baughman, 43 Ohio St. 78,1 N.E. 93, the court stated the rule in these words:
"Pleadings, under the present system, must be fairly and reasonably, not strictly, construed." *Page 50
The material allegations in the petition have already been pointed out. From the time of plaintiff's marriage to Joseph Cieslikowski, Sr., early in 1942 to the time of the filing of plaintiff's petition, it is inferable on the facts pleaded and admitted that plaintiff and Joseph Cieslikowski, Sr., as wife and husband have occupied the property in question as their homestead, and that, at the time this appeal was taken, the character of the occupancy of said premises and the relationship of plaintiff and her husband had not changed.
Defendants contend that even if the allegations of the petition were sustained, plaintiff's interest in the property would be no more than an inchoate right of dower and that such contingent interest in real property does not provide a legal basis upon which to ground the right of possession. This contention is sustained by a majority of the court. However, it is my opinion that plaintiff's petition states a cause of action for equitable relief and, on the allegations therein, plaintiff's rights on this appeal may not be limited to a possible inchoate right of dower. This conclusion appears to be consistent with the action taken by the trial court when it very properly enjoined the defendants (excepting the bailiff), from transferring said property. In other words, the record before the trial court disclosed a basis for the intervention of a court of equity in ordering that the title to the real estate and the interests of the parties therein remain in status quo until the hearing of the case on the merits.
Furthermore, on the basis of the fact situation set up in plaintiff's petition, when liberally construed, it is my opinion that an inference of constructive fraud arises against plaintiff by reason of the conveyance of the husband's life estate in said property and the subsequent eviction proceedings brought by defendants in disregard of the alleged agreement and the marital rights of plaintiff.
On the undisputed facts, as disclosed on the record, does it appear that plaintiff has a right to equitable relief by way of a temporary restraining order as prayed for?
It is uniformly recognized that a court of equity will not grant relief by way of injunction against judgments where relief can be obtained by way of appeal. However, equity, acting *Page 51 in personam, has jurisdiction to enjoin a party in whose favor a judgment has been entered from enforcing same, where to do so would be inequitable or unconscionable, and where it appears that the complainant has a meritorious defense to the original action.
We have examined a number of authorities in this state which recognize the above rule, some of which we cite, as follows: 16 Ohio Jurisprudence, 241, Section 102; 21 Ohio Jurisprudence, 1217, Section 146; Langenau Mfg. Co. v. City of Cleveland,159 Ohio St. 525, 112 N.E.2d 658; Darst v. Phillips, 41 Ohio St. 514; Barnhart v. Aiken, 39 Ohio App. 172, 177 N.E. 284;Lyons v. McMahon, Constable, 19 C. C. (N.S.), 343, 32 C. D., 490; Foster v. Ellison, 12 C. C. (N.S.), 399, 21 C. D., 513.
The first paragraph of the syllabus in Langenau Mfg. Co. v.City of Cleveland, supra, states the general rule (although on a different state of facts) as follows:
"A court of equity will intervene to prevent the enforcement of claimed rights in a court of law where it is shown that there are situations, or relations existing between the parties, which would render the enforcement of a single lawful claim unjust or inequitable."
Moreover, there is no claim made that any injustice will be done the several defendants in this action if the alleged property rights of plaintiff are preserved until the case can be heard on the merits.
Without further extending this dissent, it is my conclusion, as already indicated, that when plaintiff's petition, together with the inferences that arise thereon, is given a liberal construction, a cause of action for equitable relief is set forth and that plaintiff's rights were prejudicially affected by the dissolution of the temporary restraining order, in advance of the hearing on the merits of plaintiff's cause of action. *Page 52