On February 6, 1912, the board of county commissioners of Kingfisher county, Okla., appointed Stephen Eads as superintendent of the asylum for the poor for the year ending March 1, 1913. On December 2, 1912, which was approximately 90 days before such term expired, the board of county commissioners *Page 96 met and employed Stephen Elads as superintendent of the asylum for the poor for the term of one year, commencing March 1, 1913, and ending the last day of February, 1914, entering into a contract of employment, which contract commenced approximately 60 days after the expiration of their term of office and continued for one year thereafter. At the time of the appointment and the execution of the contract under consideration, the board was composed of W.O. Cunningham, J.A. Lindsey, and J.C. Myers. Their term of office expired on January 6, 1913. On that date a new board was organized, composed of J.S. Patrick, Milton Duffy, and C.M. Wilson. This action was instituted for the purpose of having the order of December 2, 1912, appointing Stephen Eads as superintendent of the said asylum, and the contract based thereon, set aside and held for naught, on the ground that no necessity existed for the appointment at such time, and that the best interests of Kingfisher county did not demand the appointment, and that said appointment was not authorized by law. A demurrer was sustained to the petition, on the ground that the petition failed to state facts sufficient to constitute a cause of action.
The only question presented by this appeal is whether or not the board of county commissioners had the power and authority to appoint a superintendent of the asylum for the poor for a term of one year before the expiration of a previous contract, said new contract to commence in the future and at a time beyond their term of office.
It is conceded that under section 4536, Rev. Laws 1910, the board of county commissioners may employ a good and responsible resident of the county to take charge of the asylum for the poor, and that such employment *Page 97 is to be made by the year. The board employed Stephen Eads for one year on February 6, 1912, and that term had not expired at the time he was re-employed on December 2, 1912, for an additional year, commencing March 1, 1913. If the board could employ a superintendent for one year, a large portion of which term continued into the term of their successors, and then, just prior to the expiration of their term of office and before the one year had elapsed, re-employ the superintendent for an additional term to commence during the term of their successors, then such board might employ a superintendent for any number of years, provided each employment was for one year only, commencing at the expiration of the previous appointment, and thus the hands of the succeeding board would be tied indefinitely.
In the case of Alvah Shelden v. Board of Com'rs et al.,48 Kan. 356, 29 P. 759, 16 L. R. A. 257, the court, in construing a similar statute to the one under discussion, held that the board of county commissioners had authority to designate an official newspaper, but such designation could not continue for a longer period than one year, or so as to bind or tie the hands of their successors in office.
In the case of Franklin County v. Ranck, 9 Ohio Cir. Ct. R. 301, it was held, in the absence of some necessity or special circumstances showing that the public good required it, a contract by a board of county commissioners made just prior to the expiration of their term of office, employing a janitor for the courthouse for a period of time extending into the term of their successors in office, and which had the effect of forestalling the action of such successors for a year, is calculated to be prejudicial to *Page 98 the public interests, and hence is against public policy and void.
It is said in the case of Jay County v. Taylor, 123 Ind. 148, 23 N.E. 752, 7 L. R. A. 160, that a board of county commissioners has not the power to employ an attorney for a period of three years, the term to commence in the future, after the retirement of one member of the board, as such contract is unreasonable, imposing, as it does, upon the three subsequent members an attorney not of their hiring.
Defendant in error relies upon Michael Manley v. Hugh R.Scott, 108 Minn. 142, 121 N.W. 628, 29 L. R. A. (N. S.) 652, wherein the court held that the board of county commissioners of Hennepin county was a continuing body, and such board had power to employ a morgue keeper for a period of one year on the last day of the year, regardless of the fact that two new members of the board would qualify and enter upon their duties soon after the first of the year. The facts in the foregoing case were that the term of office expired the day following the employment, and there evidently existed a necessity for the board to act; but in the case at bar the petition alleges that there was no necessity for the making of such employment, and that the best interest of Kingfisher county did not demand the employment at such time.
Different reasons are advanced in each of the foregoing cases as to why the appointment is held invalid, and this is true for the obvious reason that in each case a different statute was under consideration. The weight of authority, however, seems to be that where a statute provides for the appointment of an officer for a given *Page 99 length of time, the board is authorized to make the appointment for the term so designated, regardless of the fact that a portion of the term of office continues into the term of the succeeding board. Pickett Pub. Co. v. Carbon County Com'rs,36 Mont. 188, 92 P. 524, 13 L. R. A. (N. S.) 1115, 122 Am. St. Rep. 352, 12 Ann. Cas. 986. Applying this rule to the appointment of February 6, 1912, we find that the term extended into the succeeding term approximately 60 days, yet that appointment was valid.
In the instant case, we have a specific grant of power conferred upon the board to employ a superintendent of the asylum for the poor for a term of one year. Under such a statute, the board may, at any time during its term, when a prior contract of employment has expired or is about to expire, enter into a contract for one year, even though only a small portion of the term of employment is to be served under the board making the appointment. Under this rule, the appointment of February 6, 1912, was valid, and no complaint is made in this case as to the action of the board in that respect; but the complaint is made that the action of the board in reappointing Stephen Eads on December 2, 1912, as superintendent of the asylum for the poor, is invalid for the reason that the office was then filled by Stephen Eads, his term of office not having expired, that there was no necessity for the appointment at that time, and that the best interests of Kingfisher county did not demand the appointment at such time. Taking the facts alleged as true, it is apparent that the effect of the appointment of Stephen Eads on December 2, 1912, for a term to commence in the future and after the term of office of the board making the appointment, was to tie the hands of the succeeding board for a term *Page 100 of one year, and, this being true, such appointment was prejudicial to the best interests of the public, and not authorized by law. Franklin County v. Ranck, supra.
The cause should be reversed and remanded, with the instruction to the trial court to overrule the demurrer.
By the Court: It is so ordered.