November 16, 1908. The opinion of the Court was delivered by *Page 454 This action was brought on 29th May, 1905, for the recovery of possession of a tract of land, containing three hundred and six acres, more or less, for damages for cutting and removing timber, and for injunction against further cutting or removing timber, or other trespass. An order was made by Judge Memminger, dated 30th May, 1905, enjoining the defendant from trespassing on the land. Thereafter the legal issue of title and the right of possession was tried before Judge Gage, and a verdict for the plaintiff rendered. On the testimony offered on the trial, and the verdict of the Jury, Judge Gage made an order, dated 10th December, 1905, permanently enjoining the defendant from trespassing upon the land. The exception assigning error in the refusal of the Circuit Court to sustain the demurrer to the complaint was abandoned.
The record contains this statement of the chain of title introduced by the plaintiff:
"Counsel for plaintiff offered in evidence, under agreement, the following original records of the office of the Clerk of Court of Colleton county:
"Volume 6, page 202. Conveyance by J.K. Terry, sheriff, to Mary S. Jones. Dated October 5, 1869. Recorded February 9, 1888; conveying 165 acres.
"Volume 6, page 203. Conveyance Mary S. Jones to E. W. Peoples. Dated February 4, 1886. Recorded February 9, 1888; conveys 306 acres. `Tract purchased for 165 acres from Sheriff Terry.'
"Volume 6, page 205. Julia A. Jones to E.W. Peoples. Dated February 4, 1888. Recorded February 9, 1888; conveys 306 acres.
"Volume 16, page 16, E.W. Peoples to A.J. Salinas Sons. Dated March 6, 1895. Recorded April 5, 1895; conveys 306 acres.
"Volume 17, page 263. A.J. Salinas Sons to E.H. Sparkman, trustee. Dated February 14, 1896. Recorded March 3, 1896; conveys 306 acres. The above conveyances *Page 455 are of the same tract of land, namely, that being the subject of this action."
The plaintiff did not trace title back to a grant from the State, nor did he prove a common source, but his reliance was on the presumption of a grant by successive possessions of the grantors, through whom he claimed, and himself, for an aggregate period of more than twenty years. There was no dispute that evidence was offered of possession by all the grantors from E.W. Peoples, whose deed was dated 4th February, 1886, down to the commencement of the action, 29th May, 1903; but as this did not make out the period of twenty years, it was necessary for plaintiff to prove possession in Mary S. Jones before the date of her deed to Peoples. The defendant moved for a nonsuit, on the ground that the plaintiff had failed to introduce any evidence tending to prove Mary S. Jones was ever in possession, and on the further ground that there was no proof of delivery of the deed on which plaintiff relied. The Circuit Court was not in error in refusing to grant a nonsuit.
On the question of Mary S. Jones' possession, E.W. Peoples testified: "Q. Was the Mary S. Jones who sold to you in possession of that tract of land prior to your purchase? A. That is the way I understood it; she owned the place, and, with her brother, was on it as her place; that is all I can say about it. Q. She owned it, and the defendant here was in possession of it as her tenant? A. That is the way I understood it."
This taken in connection with the further fact appearing in evidence, that when Peoples took his deed for the land from Mary S. Jones, the defendant, on his demand, immediately moved away, was some evidence that Mary S. Jones was in possession, and the defendant was on the land by her permission.
The delivery of the deeds to the clerk was prima facie evidence of their delivery to the grantees. Dingle v. Bowman, *Page 456 1 McC., 117; McLeod v. Rogers, 2 Rich., 19; Darby v. Huffman, 2 Rich., 532; Duren v. Sinclair, 22 S.C. 361;Stone v. Fitts, 38 S.C. 397, 17 S.E., 136.
But, aside from all this, a verdict for the plaintiff was inevitable, when the whole testimony is considered. It was proved by the defendant that the land belonged to his father, J.R. Jones, and he testified he held the land under his father, and by his permission. The defendant offered, as a witness, Mary Jones, who testified the deed from Terry, sheriff, was never delivered to her; and, in explanation of her deed purporting to convey to Peoples, she said she signed at the direction of her father, and did not know what she signed. Accepting this evidence as true, when J.R. Jones, the father, actively participated in having Mary Jones to execute a deed to Peoples, for which he paid his money, J.R. Jones was estopped from alleging against the validity of the deed from her to Peoples. The defendant being by his own testimony an occupant of the land by permission of J.R. Jones, his father, his rights cannot rise higher than those of J.R. Jones and Mary Jones, and any title of J.R. Jones is equally unavailable to them as to him in a contest with the grantee of Mary Jones.
The judgment of this Court is that the judgment of the Circuit Court be affirmed.