United States v. Grijalva-Lopez

                                                         United States Court of Appeals
                                                                  Fifth Circuit
                                                                 F I L E D
                 IN THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
                                                                November 7, 2005
                         FOR THE FIFTH CIRCUIT
                                                              Charles R. Fulbruge III
                                                                      Clerk

                              No. 04-10068
                            Summary Calendar



UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

                  Plaintiff - Appellee

     v.

RIGOBERTO GRIJALVA-LOPEZ, also known as MARCOS VENTURA-LOPEZ,
also known as JESUS GUARDADO-SANCHEZ, also known as MARIO
ALBERTO, also known as CARLOS ALBERTO, also known as JESUS GOMEZ-
SANCHEZ, also known as MARCUS VENTURA-LOPEZ

                  Defendant - Appellant


             Appeal from the United States District Court
                   for the Northern District of Texas


         ON REMAND FROM THE SUPREME COURT OF THE UNITED STATES


Before DAVIS and BARKSDALE, Circuit Judges.*

PER CURIAM:

     In our previous opinion in this case, we affirmed Defendant-

Appellant’s    conviction   and   sentence.    See   United    States     v.

Grijalva-Lopez, No. 04-10068, 108 Fed. Appx. 157, (5th Cir. 2004)

(unpublished).     Following our judgment, Grijalva-Lopez filed a



     *
      This appeal is being decided by a quorum due to the death
of Judge Reynaldo G. Garza. 28 U.S.C. § 46(d).

                                   -1-
petition for certiorari.          The Supreme Court granted Grijalva-

Lopez’s petition for certiorari, vacated our judgment, and remanded

the case to this court for further consideration in light of United

States v. Booker, 125 S. Ct. 738 (2005).                We now reconsider the

matter in light of Booker and decide to reinstate our previous

judgment affirming Grijalva-Lopez’s conviction and sentence.

      Grijalva-Lopez    raised    a    Booker-related          challenge     to   his

sentence for the first time in a supplemental brief before his

direct appeal was submitted to this court.              Because Appellant made

no   Booker-related    objection       in    the    district      court,    however,

Appellant’s claim must fail under the plain-error test discussed in

United States v. Mares, 402 F.3d 511, 520-22 (5th Cir. 2005).                     Our

review of the record reveals no basis for concluding that the

district court would have imposed a less severe sentence if the

district court had proceeded under advisory, rather than mandatory

guidelines. In fact, the record indicates that the court would not

have imposed    a   lighter    sentence.           First,   the    court    upwardly

departed from a guideline range of 21-27 months to a sentence of 87

months.    The court also ordered defendant to serve this sentence

consecutively to a sentence he was serving at the time the court

imposed this sentence.

      Grijalva-Lopez    also     argues      that     application     of     Justice

Breyer’s   remedial    opinion    in    Booker      would    strip    him    of   his

constitutional protections against ex post facto laws. He explains



                                       -2-
that Apprendi gave him the right to a jury trial on all facts

essential to his sentence and Justice Breyer’s remedial opinion in

Booker stripped that right away.           In United States v. Scroggins,

411 F.3d 572, 575-76 (5th Cir. 2005) we rejected that argument and

held that Booker required us to apply both Justice Stevens’ merits

opinion and Justice Breyer’s remedial opinion in Booker to all

cases such as this one on direct review.

      Finally,   Grijalva-Lopez      argues     that    his    sentence     was

unreasonable.    Assuming arguendo that this argument can be made,

when this objection was not raised earlier, it has no merit with

respect to this guideline sentence.          See Mares, 402 F.3d 511 (5th

Cir. 2005) (“If the sentencing judge exercises her discretion to

impose a sentence within a properly calculated Guideline range, in

our   reasonableness   review   we    will    infer    that   the   judge   has

considered all the factors for a fair sentence set forth in the

Guidelines.”).   Id. at 519.

      For the reasons stated above, our prior disposition remains in

effect, and we REINSTATE OUR EARLIER JUDGMENT affirming Grijalva-

Lopez’s conviction and sentence.




                                     -3-