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NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION – SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37
COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA : IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
: PENNSYLVANIA
v. :
:
SHAWN PATRICK SWEENEY, : No. 1764 WDA 2015
:
Appellant :
Appeal from the PCRA Order, October 2, 2015,
in the Court of Common Pleas of Cambria County
Criminal Division at No. CP-11-CR-0000759-2006
BEFORE: FORD ELLIOTT, P.J.E., LAZARUS AND JENKINS, JJ.
MEMORANDUM BY FORD ELLIOTT, P.J.E.: FILED OCTOBER 12, 2016
Shawn Patrick Sweeney appeals, pro se, from the order of October 2,
2015, dismissing his second PCRA1 petition. We affirm.
On October 31, 2006, appellant entered a negotiated guilty plea to
third-degree murder. The charge related to the December 23, 2005
shooting of Charles Cummings. As part of the plea, appellant agreed to a
negotiated sentence of 20 to 40 years’ imprisonment. (Notes of testimony,
10/31/06 at 13.) On January 29, 2007, the trial court imposed the
bargained-for sentence of 20 to 40 years. (Notes of testimony, 1/29/07 at
14.) No direct appeal was filed.
1
Post Conviction Relief Act, 42 Pa.C.S.A. §§ 9541-9546.
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On January 18, 2008, appellant filed a timely pro se PCRA petition.
Counsel was appointed, and the petition was denied on March 31, 2008.
Appellant did not take an appeal from that order.
On August 7, 2015, appellant filed the instant petition, his second.
Therein, appellant argued that his sentence was illegal under Alleyne v.
United States, U.S. , 133 S.Ct. 2151 (2013), which held that “[a]ny
fact that, by law, increases the penalty for a crime is an ‘element’ that must
be submitted to the jury and found beyond a reasonable doubt.” Id. at
2155. Appellant alleged that the “after-discovered facts” exception to the
PCRA’s jurisdictional one-year time-bar applied. According to appellant, he
filed his petition within 60 days of discovering his sentence was illegal under
Alleyne and the Pennsylvania Supreme Court’s decision in Commonwealth
v. Hopkins, 117 A.3d 247 (Pa. 2015) (holding 18 Pa.C.S.A. § 6317
(drug-free school zones), unconstitutional under Alleyne). (PCRA petition,
8/7/15 at 2; Docket #42.)
On September 11, 2015, the PCRA court issued 20-day notice of intent
to dismiss the petition without a hearing pursuant to Pa.R.Crim.P. 907(1).
Appellant did not respond, and on October 2, 2015, the PCRA court
dismissed the petition. Appellant filed a timely notice of appeal on
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October 29, 2015.2 Appellant complied with Pa.R.A.P. 1925(b), and the
PCRA court filed a Rule 1925(a) opinion.3
The standard of review for an order denying
post-conviction relief is limited to whether the record
supports the PCRA court’s determination, and
whether that decision is free of legal error. The
PCRA court’s findings will not be disturbed unless
there is no support for the findings in the certified
record. Furthermore, a petitioner is not entitled to a
PCRA hearing as a matter of right; the PCRA court
can decline to hold a hearing if there is no genuine
issue concerning any material fact and the petitioner
is not entitled to post-conviction collateral relief, and
no purpose would be served by any further
proceedings.
Commonwealth v. Johnson, 945 A.2d 185, 188 (Pa.Super. 2008),
appeal denied, 956 A.2d 433 (Pa. 2008), quoting Commonwealth v.
Taylor, 933 A.2d 1035, 1040 (Pa.Super. 2007) (citations omitted).
Applying Alleyne, this court has held that certain mandatory minimum
sentencing provisions are unconstitutional because they permit the trial
court, as opposed to the jury, to increase a defendant’s minimum sentence
based upon a preponderance of the evidence standard. See, e.g.,
Commonwealth v. Newman, 99 A.3d 86 (Pa.Super. 2014) (en banc),
2
Appellant’s notice of appeal was not docketed until November 4, 2015;
however, appellant is currently incarcerated and attached a proof of service
and verification dated October 29, 2015. Therefore, we will consider it filed
on that date. See Commonwealth v. Jones, 700 A.2d 423, 426 (Pa.
1997) (discussing the “prisoner mailbox rule”).
3
The PCRA court filed a Rule 1925(a) opinion on December 10, 2015,
relying on its opinion and order of September 11, 2015.
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appeal denied, 121 A.3d 496 (Pa. 2015) (42 Pa.C.S.A. § 9712.1 (relating
to drug offenses committed with firearms), does not pass constitutional
muster under Alleyne). However, appellant was not sentenced pursuant to
a mandatory minimum sentencing statute. (PCRA court opinion, 9/11/15
at 1.) As described above, appellant entered a negotiated guilty plea to
third-degree murder and agreed to the statutory maximum 20-40 year
sentence. See 18 Pa.C.S.A. § 1102(d) (“Notwithstanding section 1103, a
person who has been convicted of murder of the third degree or of third
degree murder of an unborn child shall be sentenced to a term which shall
be fixed by the court at not more than 40 years.”).
Moreover, recently our supreme court decided that Alleyne does not
apply retroactively to cases pending on collateral review. Commonwealth
v. Washington, A.3d , 2016 WL 3909088 (Pa. July 19, 2016). See
also Commonwealth v. Riggle, 119 A.3d 1058 (Pa.Super. 2015)
(declining to give Alleyne retroactive effect to cases on timely collateral
review when the defendant’s judgment of sentence was finalized before
Alleyne was decided). Cf. Commonwealth v. Ruiz, 131 A.3d 54
(Pa.Super. 2015) (defendant was entitled to the benefit of Alleyne where he
raised the claim in a timely PCRA petition and his judgment of sentence was
still pending on direct review when Alleyne was handed down). Here,
appellant was sentenced on January 29, 2007, and Alleyne was decided on
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June 17, 2013, 6½ years later. Appellant’s petition was patently untimely,
and no exception to the one-year time limitation applied.4
Appellant also claims, for the first time on appeal, that 18 Pa.C.S.A.
§ 2502(c),5 the third-degree murder statute, is unconstitutionally vague.
This issue was not raised in appellant’s PCRA petition and is deemed waived.
Commonwealth v. Bond, 819 A.2d 33, 39 (Pa. 2002), citing
Pa.R.A.P. 302(a) (issues not raised in the lower court are waived and cannot
be raised for the first time on appeal); Commonwealth v. Basemore, 744
A.2d 717, 725 (Pa. 2000); Commonwealth v. Albrecht, 720 A.2d 693,
704 (Pa. 1998). In addition, the issue could have been raised on direct
appeal or in appellant’s first PCRA petition. 42 Pa.C.S.A. § 9544(b) (“an
issue is waived if the petitioner could have raised it but failed to do so before
trial, at trial, during unitary review, on appeal or in a prior state
postconviction proceeding”). The PCRA court did not err in dismissing
appellant’s petition as untimely.
Order affirmed.
4
Appellant’s claim that his discovery of Alleyne satisfied the
after-discovered facts exception under 42 Pa.C.S.A. § 9545(b)(1)(ii) is
meritless. See Commonwealth v. Cintora, 69 A.3d 759, 763 (Pa.Super.
2013), appeal denied, 81 A.3d 75 (Pa. 2013) (“Our Courts have expressly
rejected the notion that judicial decisions can be considered
newly-discovered facts which would invoke the protections afforded by
section 9545(b)(1)(ii).” (citations omitted)).
5
“(c) Murder of the third degree.--All other kinds of murder shall be
murder of the third degree. Murder of the third degree is a felony of the first
degree.”
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Judgment Entered.
Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq.
Prothonotary
Date: 10/12/2016
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Com. v. Sweeney, S.
Combined Opinion