[Cite as Troknya v. Wild Wings, Inc., 2016-Ohio-7700.]
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF OHIO
SIXTH APPELLATE DISTRICT
OTTAWA COUNTY
Marguerite Troknya Court of Appeals No. OT-16-005
Appellant Trial Court No. 14CV286
v.
Wild Wings, Inc., et al. DECISION AND JUDGMENT
Appellees Decided: November 10, 2016
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Jeffrey Swiech, for appellant.
Lorri J. Britsch, for appellees.
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SINGER, J.
{¶ 1} Appellant, Marguerite Troknya, appeals the February 3, 2016 judgment of
the Ottawa County Court of Common Pleas granting summary judgment in favor of
appellees, Dennis Felton, and Wild Wings Inc. (collectively “appellee”). For the reasons
that follow, we affirm.
Assignment of Error
{¶ 2} Appellant sets forth the following assignment of error:
I. The trial court erred when it granted summary judgment in favor
of Appellee Wild Wings Inc.
Background Facts
{¶ 3} On July 23, 2015, appellant testified at deposition that on September 7,
2012, she entered appellee’s convenience store, which is small and only has four aisles.
Appellant was familiar with the store and worked at or visited it during the previous four
years.
{¶ 4} As she proceeded to the check-out counter that day, appellant testified she
slipped in liquid. Appellant did not notice the liquid before she fell, or any warning wet-
floor signs. Appellant was wearing sandals and walking as normal. After the fall,
appellant remained on the floor for a few moments and was helped up by an unknown
customer. Appellant claims to have been soaked. She could not confirm the source of
the clear liquid.
{¶ 5} Appellant testified the area of the fall was in plain sight of two employees.
Appellant asserts the employees laughed at her instead of assisting her and one employee
actually stated, “better go put out the wet sign.” As a result of the fall and laughing,
appellant suffered from humiliation, lower back pain and a knee injury.
{¶ 6} On July 23, 2015, Dennis Felton, the owner of Wild Wings, testified to
events which transpired after appellant fell on September 7, 2012. Appellee received a
2.
call from his employee, Nioka Weichman, about the fall. Appellee was not at the store
but immediately went there to inspect the area and review the surveillance tape. Appellee
testified during deposition that inspecting the area revealed no moisture or water.
Appellee testified he reviewed the tape and saw no fall. He also said the tape revealed no
patrons or employees in the particular area for 20 to 30 minutes prior to the time
appellant supposedly fell. Appellee testified he eventually erased the video because there
was no reason to save it.
{¶ 7} Weichman also testified. She and another employee were talking to a
customer when appellant claimed she fell. Weichman stated she and her co-employee
were not laughing at appellant because they did not see her fall. Appellant stormed out of
the store angrily and mentioned calling a lawyer. After appellant left, Weichman
immediately inspected the area of the alleged fall and called appellee. She did not see
any liquid.
{¶ 8} On September 4, 2014, appellant filed a complaint and demanded a jury
trial. On September 20, 2015, appellee filed for summary judgment. Appellant opposed
summary judgment, but the trial court granted it based on appellant failing to establish
appellee had notice of the liquid. An entry was journalized February 3, 2016, and it is
from this judgment appellant now appeals.
Standard of Review
{¶ 9} When reviewing a trial court’s summary judgment decision, the appellate
court conducts a de novo review. Grafton v. Ohio Edison Co., 77 Ohio St.3d 102, 105,
3.
671 N.E.2d 241 (1996). Summary judgment will be granted when there remains no
genuine issue of material fact and, when construing the evidence most strongly in favor
of the non-moving party, reasonable minds can only conclude that the moving party is
entitled to judgment as a matter of law. Civ.R. 56(C). Accord Lopez v. Home Depot,
USA, Inc., 6th Dist. Lucas No. L-02-1248, 2003-Ohio-2132, ¶ 7.
{¶ 10} When a properly supported motion for summary judgment is made, an
adverse party may not rest on mere allegations or denials in the pleading, but must
respond with specific facts showing that there is a genuine issue of material fact. Civ.R.
56(E); Riley v. Montgomery, 11 Ohio St.3d 75, 79, 463 N.E.2d 1246 (1984).
{¶ 11} In the sole assignment of error, appellant asserts there is a genuine issue of
material fact as to whether appellee should have had reason to know of the liquid’s
existence as a hazard to customers. Appellee contends appellant failed to establish how
long the liquid had been there or whether appellee had notice of the hazard.
{¶ 12} To maintain an action for negligence, the plaintiff must show an owed duty
of care, breach of that duty, and proximately caused injuries. Texler v. D.O. Summers
Cleaners & Shirt Laundry Co., 81 Ohio St.3d 677, 680, 693 N.E.2d 271 (1988). An
owner or occupier of land owes an “invitee” a duty of ordinary care to maintain the
premises in a reasonably safe condition and a duty to warn of “latent or hidden dangers.”
Armstrong v. Best Buy Co., Inc., 99 Ohio St.3d 79, 2003-Ohio-2573, 788 N.E.2d 1088,
¶ 5. Therefore, because appellant here was a customer or business “invitee,” id., appellee
owed her a duty of ordinary care from any latent dangers.
4.
{¶ 13} Where negligence revolves around the existence of a hazard, notice, either
actual or constructive, of such hazard is a prerequisite to the duty of reasonable care.
Heckert v. Patrick, 15 Ohio St.3d 402, 405, 473 N.E.2d 1204 (1984). To prevail on a
slip-and-fall claim, plaintiff must show: (1) defendant was responsible for the hazard;
(2) defendant had actual knowledge of the hazard and did not give notice or remove it; or,
(3) “the hazard existed for such a length of time that it would have been discovered in the
exercise of ordinary care.” Strzesynski v. Franks Nursery & Crafts, Inc., 6th Dist. Lucas
No. L-02-1103, 2002-Ohio-4348, ¶ 4, citing Johnson v. Wagner Provision Co., 141 Ohio
St. 584, 589, 49 N.E.2d 925 (1943).
{¶ 14} Here, appellant testified she could not ascertain the source of the liquid and
that she had no knowledge of how long the liquid had been present before her fall.
Appellee testified further that no liquid is ever in that area of the store, and neither he nor
Weichman found liquid or moisture in or around the area after the fall. Moreover,
appellee stated he and Weichman reviewed the video and saw no one spill water in the
area before the fall. Weichman also testified she did not see any liquid before appellant
fell, despite working within 14 feet of the area that day. Consequently, no evidence was
presented in the record to demonstrate the duration of time the alleged hazard existed.
{¶ 15} Based on our de novo review, we conclude the record is devoid of evidence
revealing the alleged hazard existed for such a length of time that it would have been
discovered in the exercise of ordinary care. There remains no genuine issue of material
fact and, despite construing the evidence most strongly in favor of appellant, reasonable
5.
minds can only conclude appellee was entitled to judgment as a matter of law. The trial
court did not err in granting summary judgment.
{¶ 16} Accordingly, appellant’s sole assignment of error is not well-taken.
Conclusion
{¶ 17} The judgment of the Ottawa County Court of Common Pleas is hereby
affirmed. Appellant is ordered to pay the costs of this appeal pursuant to App.R. 24.
Judgment affirmed.
A certified copy of this entry shall constitute the mandate pursuant to App.R. 27.
See also 6th Dist.Loc.App.R. 4.
Mark L. Pietrykowski, J. _______________________________
JUDGE
Arlene Singer, J.
_______________________________
James D. Jensen, P.J. JUDGE
CONCUR.
_______________________________
JUDGE
6.
Troknya v. Wild Wings, Inc.
Combined Opinion