J-S70015-16
NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37
BORIS KONTSEVICH IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
PENNSYLVANIA
Appellant
v.
VLAD GUTNIK AND MICHAEL KULDINER,
ESQUIRE
Appellees No. 3707 EDA 2015
Appeal from the Order Entered November 12, 2015
In the Court of Common Pleas of Philadelphia County
Civil Division at No(s): 141102705
BEFORE: OLSON, OTT and MUSMANNO, JJ.
MEMORANDUM BY OLSON, J.: FILED DECEMBER 12, 2016
Appellant, Boris Kontsevich, appeals from an order entered on
November 12, 2015 granting summary judgment in favor of Appellees, Vlad
Gutnick (Gutnick) and Michael Kuldiner, Esq. (Kuldiner). After careful
review, we affirm.
We quote the factual and procedural recitation offered by the trial
court:
This case commenced on November 24, 2014, when Appellant
filed a complaint for wrongful use of civil process against
Appellees. The complaint averred that [] Gutnick filed a
protection from abuse (PFA) petition against Appellant on behalf
of his minor son, and that such filing constituted wrongful use of
civil process.
On May 5, 2015, Appellant filed an amended complaint. The
amended complaint averred that on December 3, 2012,
[Gutnick] filed a PFA petition against Appellant on behalf of his
minor son, and that “the case … was dismissed on December 3,
J-S70015-16
2012.” See Amended Complaint, ¶ 1. Appellant averred that
his wife, Anna, was [Gutnick’s] ex-wife and that they had been
engaged in a custody battle during the time of the PFA’s filing.
See Amended Complaint, ¶¶ 1-4. Appellant averred that
[Gutnick] had a “long history of harassment and mental abuse …
towards my wife and his ex-wife.” See Amended Complaint,
¶ 3. Appellant averred that there was no reason to believe the
child had been abused, that no black eye was ever observed on
the child, and accused [Gutnick] of “making false statements
and accusations.” See Amended Complaint, ¶¶ 6-7.
Additionally, Appellant averred that [Kuldiner] “was expected to
know that hearsay cannot be submitted … he was expected to
know that facts presented by his client … do not constitute any
form of abuse.” See Amended Complaint, ¶ 7. Appellant
averred that the PFA charges were “filed for the sole purpose to
be used against [Appellant] in another lawsuit concerning
custody.” See Amended Complaint, ¶ 7.
On June 22, 2015, Appellees filed an answer to the complaint,
denying Appellant’s averments and raising as new matter that:
Appellant had failed to state a cause of action upon which relief
could be granted; that the claims were barred due to fraud or
misrepresentation; that Appellant failed to mitigate the alleged
damages; that Appellant had unclean hands; that Appellant had
waived or was estopped from asserting his claims; and that the
claims were barred due to laches, res judicata, waiver, or the
applicable statute of limitations.
On June 24, 2015, Appellant filed a reply to Appellees’ new
matter, denying Appellees’ averments.
On August 13, 2015, Appellees filed a motion for summary
judgment, arguing that Appellant’s claims were barred by the
statute of limitations, as the PFA action was filed August 12,
2012 and the instant action was commenced on November 24,
2014; and that Appellant could not establish under 42
Pa.C.S.[A.] § 8351 a cause of action, because Appellant could
not show that Appellees had commenced the [PFA] matter in a
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grossly negligent manner or without probable cause, and that
the PFA had been filed in good faith.1
Additionally Appellees attached a transcript of the December 3,
2012, PFA hearing. At said hearing, [Gutnick] testified that
Appellant had raised his voice to [Gutnick] during a [telephone]
call; that [Gutnick] could hear his son crying in the background;
and that when [Gutnick] asked to speak to his son, Appellant
hung up the [telephone]. N.T., 12/3/12, at 11-14. [Gutnick]
testified that following a previous custody hearing, [Gutnick’s]
son cried. N.T., 12/3/12, at 18. [Gutnick] testified that his
son’s behavior had changed, and based on what his son told
him, [Gutnick] believed his son was crying because he was
“scared.” N.T., 12/3/12, at 25-30.
At the conclusion of the hearing, the [trial court] found that
there was no credible evidence that the child had been abused
and that [Gutnick] had not met his burden of proof, and noted
that while she believed [Gutnick] had filed the petition in good
faith, the petition was dismissed. N.T., 12/3/12, at 43-44.
On August 18, 2015, Appellant filed an answer in opposition to
Appellees’ [summary judgment] motion, denying their
averments and arguing that summary judgment was not
appropriate as he had made out the elements of a Dragonetti
action and that the action was not barred by the statute of
limitations, and that the discovery process was not yet complete.
[On August 31, 2015, Appellees filed a reply in support of their
motion and on November 12, 2015, the trial court granted
summary judgment in Appellees’ favor. On November 18, 2015,
Appellant filed a motion for reconsideration and, on December 5,
2015, he filed a timely notice of appeal to this Court. The trial
court, on December 7, 2015, directed Appellant to file a concise
statement of errors complained of on appeal pursuant to
Pa.R.A.P. 1925(b). Appellant filed a concise statement alleging
____________________________________________
1
Appellees’ argument is misplaced, as a party has no right to start an action
for the wrongful use of civil proceedings until the underlying proceedings
have terminated. Buchleitner v. Perer, 794 A..2d 366, 376-377 (Pa.
Super. 2002). In the instant case, the [PFA] proceedings were terminated
December 3, 2012, and the instant action was initiated November 24, 2014.
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J-S70015-16
that the trial court erred in granting summary judgment to
Appellees. The trial court issued its Rule 1925(a) opinion on
March 4, 2016.]
Trial Court Opinion, 3/4/16, at 1-3 (certain capitalization omitted; footnote
in original).
Appellant claims on appeal that Appellees were grossly negligent in
initiating their unsuccessful PFA action, which they filed without probable
cause and in reliance on false information. Accordingly, Appellant asserts
that the trial court erred in granting summary judgment in Appellees’ favor.
The trial court rejected Appellant’s contentions, concluding instead that:
Appellant’s [c]omplaint [pled] only conclusory allegations,
namely that the PFA petition was filed solely to “harass my
family and in an attempt to gain advantage in the custody case.”
See Amended Complaint, ¶ 5. Although Appellant averred that
there was a “years long history of harassment and mental abuse
from [Gutnick] towards my wife,” Appellant did not provide
details, depositions, or plead with particularity what that
harassment or abuse entailed. Appellant’s [c]omplaint
references police reports and emails but Appellant did not attach
them. Upon examination of the record, including the transcript
from the PFA hearing, it is evident that [the trial court in the
companion custody proceeding], after having reviewed the case,
including all filings and submissions from both parties, found the
PFA had been filed in good faith despite its dismissal.
Trial Court Opinion, 3/4/16, at 5-6.
Our standard of review over such claims is well settled.
Th[e] scope of review of an order granting summary judgment is
plenary. Our standard of review is clear: the trial court's order
will be reversed only where it is established that the court
committed an error of law or clearly abused its discretion.
Summary judgment is appropriate only in those cases where the
record clearly demonstrates that there is no genuine issue of
material fact and that the moving party is entitled to judgment
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as a matter of law. The reviewing court must view the record in
the light most favorable to the nonmoving party, resolving all
doubts as to the existence of a genuine issue of material fact
against the moving party. When the facts are so clear that
reasonable minds cannot differ, a trial court may properly enter
summary judgment.
Atcovitz v. Gulph Mills Tennis Club, Inc., 812 A.2d 1218, 1221-1222
(Pa. 2002).
We carefully reviewed the trial court’s opinion, the submissions of the
parties, and the certified record. Based upon our review, we agree with the
trial court that Appellant failed to raise a genuine issue of material fact and
he failed to offer proof that Appellees initiated the PFA proceedings for an
improper purpose. Because we find that the trial court adequately and
accurately addressed the issues raised by Appellant on appeal, we adopt its
opinion as our own in affirming the order granting summary judgment in
Appellees’ favor. We therefore direct the parties to include the trial court’s
opinion with all future filing relating to our disposition of this appeal.
Order affirmed.
Judgment Entered.
Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq.
Prothonotary
Date: 12/12/2016
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Circulated 11/28/2016 01:27 PM
IN THE COURT OF COMMON PLEAS
FIRST JUDICIAL DISTRICT OF PENNSYLVANIA
BORIS KONTSEVICH SUPERIOR COURT No.
3707 EDA 2015
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v. Civil Division BC "''
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November Term 2014, No. 21.9;5
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VLAD GUTNIK, MICHAEL KULDINER, and c:·. :- .
MICHAEL KULDINER, P.C. .... ·
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OPINION -.
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Appellant, Boris Kontsevich, appeals from this court's order of November 12, 20.15,
~.- ~ting
___
~:_ .___,
summary judgment in favor of Appellees Vlad Gutnik, Michael Kuldiner, and the Law Offices of Michael
Kuldiner, P.C.
FACTUAL AND PROCEDURAL HISTORY
This case commenced on November 24, 2014, when Appellant filed a Complaint for Wrongful
Use of Civil Process against Appellees. The Complaint averred that Appellee Gutnik flied a Protection
From Abuse ("PFA") petition against Appellant on behalf of his minor son, and that such filing
constituted wrongful use of civil process.
On May 5, 2015, Appellant filed an Amended Complaint. The Amended Complaint averred that
on December 3, 2012, Vlad Gutnik filed a PFA petition against Appellant on behalf of his minor son,
and that "the case ... was dismissed on December 3, 2012." See Amended Complaint, 1 1. Appellant
averred that his wife, Anna, was Appellee Gutnik's ex-wife and that they had been engaged in a
custody battle during the time of the PFA's filing. See Amended Complaint, ~1 1-4. Appellant averred
that Appellee Gutnlk had a "long history of harassment and mental abuse ... towards my wife and his
exwife." See Amended Complaint, ~ 3. Appellant averred that there was no reason to belleve the child
had been abused, that no black eye was ever observed on the child, and accused Appellee Gutnik of
"making false statements and accusations. See Amended Complaint, ~ 6-7. Additionally, Appellant
averred that Appellee Kuldiner "was expected to know that hearsay cannot be submitted ... he was
Kontsevich Vs Gutnik-OPFLD
()'\i!),1 Oil I{'. lllllll /11111111111111111111111 21
expected to know that facts presented by his client ... do not constitute any form of abuse." See
Amended Complaint, ,i 7. Appellant averred that the PFA charges were "filed for the sole purpose to be
used against [Appellant] in another lawsuit concerning custody." See Amended Complaint, ,i 7.
On June 22, 2015, Appellees flied an Answer to the Complaint, denying Appellant's averments
and raising as a new matter that: Appellant had failed to state a cause ·of action upon which relief
could be granted; that the claims were barred due to fraud or misrepresentation; that Appellant failed
to mitigate the alleged damages; that Appellant had unclean hands; that Appellant had waived or was
estopped from asserting his claims; and that the claims were barred due to laches, res judicata, waiver,
or the applicable statute of limitations.
On June 24, 2015, Appellant filed a Reply to Appellees' New Matter, denying Appellees'
averments.
On August 13, 2015, Appellees filed a Motion for Summary Judgment, arguing that Appellant's
claims were barred by the statute of limitations, as the PFA action was filed August 12, 2012 and the
instant action was commenced on November 24, 2014; and that Appellant could not establish under 42
Pa.C.S. § 8351 a cause of action, because Appellant could not show that Appellees had commenced the
matter In a grossly negligent manner or without probable cause, and that the PFA had been filed in
good faith.1
Additionally, Appellees attached a transcript of the December 3, 2012, PFA hearing. At said
hearing, Appellee Gutnlk testified that Appellant had raised his voice to Appellee during a phone call;
that Appellee could hear his son crying in the background; and that when Appellee asked to speak to
his son, Appellant hung up the phone. N. T. 12/3/12 at 11-14. Appellee testified that following a
previous custody hearing, Appellee's son cried. N. T. 12/3/12 at 18. Appellee testified that his son's
1 Appellee's argument is misplaced, as a party has no right to start an action for the wrongful use of civil
proceedings until the underlying proceedings have terminated. Buchleitner v. Perer, 2002 PA Super 35, ,i
25, 794 A.2d 366, 376-377 (2002). In the instant case, the proceedings were terminated December 3, 2012, and
the instant action was initiated November 24, 2014.
2 22
behavior had changed, and based on what his son told him, Appellee believed his son was crying
because he was "scared," N. T. 12/3/12 at 25-30.
At the conclusion of the hearing, the Honorable Ida K. Chen found that there was no credible
evidence that the child had been abused and that Appellee Gutnik had not met his burden of proof,
and noted that while she believed Appellee Gutnik had filed the petition in good faith, the petition was
dismissed. N. T. 12/3/12 at 43-44.
On August 18, 2015, Appellant filed an Answer in Opposition to Appellees' Motion, denying their
averments and arguing that summary judgment was not appropriate as he had made out the elements
of a Dragonetti action and that the action was not barred by the statute of limitations, and that the
discovery process was not yet complete.
On August 31, 2015, Appellees filed a Reply in Support of their Motion.
On November 12, 2015, this court granted Appellee's Motion for Summary Judgment.
On November 18, 2015, Appellant filed a Motion for Reconsideration.
On December 5, 2015, Appellant filed a timely Notice of Appeal to the Superior Court of
Pennsylvania.
On December 7, 2015, this court Issued its Order pursuant to Pa. R.A.P. 1925(b), directing
Appellant to file her Concise Statement of Matters Complained of on Appeal within twenty-one (21)
days. The Statement was thus due on December 16, 2015.
On December 21, 2015, Appellant filed his Concise Statement of Matters Complained of on
Appeal, arguing that this court erred in: granting Appellees' Motion for Summary Judgment; in
determining that there was no genuine issue of material fact; in dismissing the case with prejudice; in
"determining that alleged facts do not constitute requirements sufficient to state Dragonetti claim;" in
"not giving weight to plaintiff's declared intention to present witnesses before the court";
DISCUSSION
On appeal, Appellant challenges this court's grant of Appellee's Motion for Summary Judgment.
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I. SUMMARY JUDGMENT GENERALLY
Summary judgment is appropriate in cases where there are no genuine issues material fact and
the moving party is entitled to judgment as a matter of law. Lance v. Wyeth, 85 A.3d 434, 449 (Pa.
2014). Facts and reasonable derivative inferences are generally considered in the light most favorable
to the non-moving party; doubts should be resolved against the moving party. Id
A movant "may rely on uncontroverted facts, and/or allow that the factual allegations made by
the non-moving party could be true, while contending that, even accepting such facts, judgment
should be rendered for the movant as a matter of law." Lance, 85 A.3d at 449-450. "Alternatively, after
discovery, a party may challenge the ability of the non-moving party to adduce evidence of facts
material to establishing a claim or defense." Lance, 85 A.3d at 450. A court should, however, enter a
judgment when there is no genuine issue of any material fact as to a necessary element to the cause
of action. Sevast, 915 A.2d at 1152. A material fact is one that directly affects the outcome of the case.
Fortney v. Ca//enberger, 2002 PA Super 182, 801 A.2d 594, 597 (Pa. Super. Ct. 2002).
II. WRONGFUL USE OF CIVIL PROCEEDINGS
Appellant averred that Appellee did not have probable cause to file the PFA and had provided
false information in the petition. In order to establish a claim for wrongful use of civil proceedings,
pursuant to statute, the elements of such a claim are:
Elements of action.--A person who takes part in the procurement, initiation or continuation of
civil proceedings against another Is subject to liability to the other for wrongful use of civil
proceed I ngs:
( 1) he acts in a grossly negligent manner or without probable cause and primarily for a
purpose other than that of securing the proper discovery, joinder of parties or
adjudication of the claim in which the proceedings are based; and
(2) the proceedings have terminated in favor of the person against whom they are brought.
42 Pa.C.S. § 8351(a)(l)-(2). Gross negligence is defined as the want of even scant care and the failure
to exercise even that care which a careless person would use. Keystone Freight Corp. v. stricker, 2011
PA Super 216, 31 A.3d 967, 973 (2011).
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Further, "a person who takes part in the procurement, initiation or continuation of civil
proceedings against another has probable cause for doing so if he reasonably believes in the existence
of the facts upon which the claim is based, and either: (1) Reasonably believes that under those facts
the claim may be valid under the existing or developing law; (2) Believes to this effect in reliance upon
the advice of counsel, sought in good faith and given after full disclosure of all relevant facts within his
knowledge and information; or (3) Believes as an attorney of record, in good faith that his
procurement, initiation or continuation of a civil cause is not intended to merely harass or maliciously
injure the opposite party." 42 Pa.C.S. § 8352. The plaintiff may collect damages in: the harm normally
resulting from arrest of imprisonment; harm to hts reputation by any defamatory matter alleged; the
expense Incurred in defending himself; any specflc pecuniary loss from the proceedings; emotional
distress caused by the proceedings; punitive damages according to law in appropriate cases.
Finally, the plaintiff has the burden of proving the followlnq:
1. The defendant has procured, initiated, or continued the civil proceedings against him.
2. The proceedings were terminated in his favor.
3. The defendant did not have probable cause for his action.
4. The primary purpose for which the proceedings were brought was not that of securing the
proper discovery, jolnder of parties, or adjudication of the claim on which the proceedings were
based.
5. The plalntiff has suffered damages as set forth in section § 8353.2
42 Pa.C.S. § 8354. In the instant case, Appellant has not met that burden and cannot meet that
burden.
Appellant's Complaint plead only condusory accusations, namely that the PFA petition was flied
solely to "harass my family and In an attempt to gain advantage in the custody case." See Amended
Complaint, ~ 5. Although Appellant averred that there was a "years long history of harassment and
mental abuse from [Appellee] towards my wife," Appellant did not provide details, depositions, or plead
2 The plaintiff may collect damages due to: the harm normally resulting from arrest of imprisonment; harm to his
reputation by any defamatory matter alleged; the expense incurred in defending himself; any specific pecuniary
loss from the proceedings; emotional distress caused by the proceedings; punitive damages according to law in
appropriate cases. 42 Pa.C.S. § 8353.
5 25
with particularity what that harassment or abuse entailed. Appellant's Complaint references police
reports and emails but Appellant did not attach them. Upon examination of the record, including the
transcript from the PFA hearing, it is evident that Judge Chen, after having reviewed the case,
including all filings and submissions from both parties, found the PFA had been filed in good faith
despite its dismissal.
Appellant has not plead that Appellee acted with gross negligence and without probable cause
in filing the PFA. Consequently, there was no issue of material fact and the Motion for Summary
Judgment properly granted.
CONCLUSION
For all of the reasons stated above, this court's decision should be affirmed.
BY THE COURT:
NINA
(11) STATEMENT OF ERRORS COMPLAINED OF ON APPEAL.
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