MEMORANDUM DECISION
Pursuant to Ind. Appellate Rule 65(D), this
Memorandum Decision shall not be FILED
regarded as precedent or cited before any Dec 20 2016, 9:01 am
court except for the purpose of establishing
the defense of res judicata, collateral CLERK
Indiana Supreme Court
Court of Appeals
estoppel, or the law of the case. and Tax Court
ATTORNEY FOR APPELLANTS ATTORNEYS FOR APPELLEE
John P. Daly, Jr. Thomas M. Kimbrough
Golitko & Daly, PC William A. Ramsey
Indianapolis, Indiana Barrett McNagny LLP
Fort Wayne, Indiana
IN THE
COURT OF APPEALS OF INDIANA
Ricky L. Baker and Victoria December 20, 2016
Baker, Court of Appeals Case No.
Appellants-Plaintiffs, 49A02-1605-CT-1060
Appeal from the Marion Superior
v. Court
The Honorable John F. Hanley,
Fall Creek Housing Partners, Judge
LLC, Trial Court Cause No. 49D11-
Appellee-Defendant. 1407-CT-24953
Brown, Judge.
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[1] Ricky L. Baker and Victoria Baker (together, the “Bakers”) appeal from the trial
court’s February 26, 2016 order granting summary judgment in favor of Fall
Creek Housing Partners, LLC (“Fall Creek”). We find one issue dispositive,
which is whether the court’s February 26, 2016 order is an appealable order.
We dismiss.
Facts and Procedural History
[2] Ricky Baker, who was an employee of Waste Management, Inc. (“Waste
Management”), visited an apartment rental property in Indianapolis owned by
Fall Creek to unload trash compactor containers on September 24, 2012, and
was injured.
[3] The Bakers filed a complaint for damages in July 2014 and, with the court’s
approval, an amended complaint for damages in September 2014 against
Buckingham Urban Properties, LLC (“Buckingham”), JV Manufacturing Inc.
d/b/a Cram-A-Lot (“JV”), and Cram-A-Lot Logistics, LLC (“Cram-A-Lot”), 1
alleging that Ricky was employed by Waste Management; that Buckingham
purchased or leased from Cram-A-Lot and/or JV a trash compactor for use at a
property in Indianapolis; that Buckingham contracted with Waste Management
for trash removal at the property including emptying the Cram-A-Lot and/or
JV trash compactor; that Ricky was a business invitee on the property working
1
In their motion to amend the complaint, the Bakers stated they filed the original complaint against
Buckingham and Cram-A-Lot, and that “Cram-A-Lot Logistics, LLC has properly identified themselves . . .
as JV Manufacturing, Inc. d/b/a Cram-A-Lot,” and they sought leave to amend their complaint to add JV as
a party to the action. Appellant’s Appendix, Volume 2, at 33.
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within the course and scope of his employment with Waste Management when
he was injured; that on or about September 24, 2012, Ricky was on the property
to empty a trash compactor when the compactor moved crushing his hand; that
the compactor had been placed on a slope by employees and/or agents of
Buckingham and/or Cram-A-Lot and/or JV; and that Ricky was seriously
injured.
[4] On October 9, 2014, Buckingham filed an Answer to Amended Complaint,
Affirmative Defenses, Third Party Complaint, and Jury Demand. In its third
party complaint, Buckingham alleged in part that Buckingham Management,
LLC (“Buckingham Management”) is responsible for managing real estate
including that occupied by Buckingham; that it entered into a Periodic Services
Agreement with Waste Management for the collection and disposal of waste;
that, pursuant to the Agreement, Waste Management is required to indemnify it
and hold it and its affiliate or subsidiary Buckingham harmless for any claims
by an employee of Waste Management in the performance of the Agreement;
and that Waste Management is required to defend and indemnify Buckingham
from the claims of the Bakers. Buckingham requested that the court enter
judgment in its favor and against Waste Management and that Waste
Management be ordered to defend and indemnify Buckingham.
[5] Counsel for Waste Management filed an appearance, and Waste Management
filed an answer to Buckingham’s third party complaint denying that it is
required to defend and indemnify Buckingham. In February 2015, Waste
Management filed a motion for leave to file a counterclaim against Buckingham
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stating that it has denied and continues to deny any liability to Buckingham and
seeking leave to file a counterclaim so as to recover its attorney fees, costs, and
expenses incurred and to be incurred by Waste Management in its defense to
the third party complaint. On March 9, 2015, the court granted Waste
Management’s motion for leave to file its counterclaim against Buckingham
and ordered that the counterclaim was deemed filed as of the date of the order.
On March 27, 2015, Buckingham filed a motion for judgment on the pleadings
as to Waste Management’s counterclaim.
[6] On November 23, 2015, the parties filed a Joint Stipulation to Amend Caption
and Substitute Parties, stating that at the time the action was initially filed
confusion existed as to the location of the accident that is the subject of the
Bakers’ complaint and Buckingham’s third party complaint, and that discovery
has revealed the location of the incident. The Stipulation stated that the owner
of the premises on which the incident occurred was Fall Creek and not
Buckingham, and that Buckingham should be dismissed and Fall Creek
substituted as a defendant on the Bakers’ claim, as the third party plaintiff on
the third party complaint against Waste Management, and as the defendant on
Waste Management’s counterclaim to the third party complaint.
[7] On November 25, 2015, Fall Creek filed a motion for summary judgment, a
memorandum in support of the motion, and a designation of evidence which
included the deposition of Ricky and the Periodic Services Agreement between
Waste Management and Buckingham Management as agent for property
owners including Fall Creek. The Bakers filed their opposition and designated
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evidence. Fall Creek filed a motion to strike and reply in support of its
summary judgment motion which stated in part that the Bakers cited to an
owners’ manual that was not designated.
[8] On February 1, 2016, the court held a hearing on Fall Creek’s summary
judgment motion. 2 On February 25, 2016, it entered an order of dismissal
which stated that a joint stipulation of partial dismissal as to JV and Cram-A-
Lot was before the court and ordered that JV and Cram-A-Lot be dismissed
from the action.
[9] On February 26, 2016, the court entered an order which: denied Fall Creek’s
March 27, 2015 motion for judgment on the pleadings as to Waste
Management’s counterclaim; granted Fall Creek’s motion to strike as to
references made by the Bakers to an owners’ manual and denied it in all other
respects; granted Fall Creek’s November 25, 2015 motion for summary
judgment; and ordered that Fall Creek submit a proposed judgment entry to the
court within ten days. An entry in the chronological case summary (the
“CCS”) dated March 8, 2016, states in part: “Order Signed: 03/07/2016” and
“Per Order and Jacket entry. Entry of Judgment.” 3 Appellant’s Appendix,
Volume 2, at 11. The Bakers filed a motion to correct error on March 15, 2016,
and after a hearing 4 the court denied the motion on April 27, 2016. On May
2
The record does not contain a transcript of the hearing.
3
The record does not include a copy of this order.
4
The record does not contain a transcript of the hearing.
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10, 2016, the Bakers filed their notice of appeal from the trial court’s February
26, 2016 order.
Discussion
[10] The dispositive issue is whether the trial court’s February 26, 2016 order is an
appealable order. This court may sua sponte raise the issue of whether it has
jurisdiction over an appeal. See Blinn v. Dyer, 19 N.E.3d 821, 822 (Ind. Ct. App.
2014). “The authority of the Indiana Supreme Court and Court of Appeals to
exercise appellate jurisdiction is generally limited to appeals from final
judgments.” Ramsey v. Moore, 959 N.E.2d 246, 251 (Ind. 2012) (quoting Allstate
Ins. Co. v. Fields, 842 N.E.2d 804, 806 (Ind. 2006), reh’g denied). We have the
duty to determine whether we have jurisdiction over an appeal before
proceeding to determine the rights of the parties on the merits. Allstate Ins. Co. v.
Scroghan, 801 N.E.2d 191, 193 (Ind. Ct. App. 2004), trans. denied. Pursuant to
Ind. Appellate Rule 5, this court has jurisdiction over appeals from final
judgments of trial courts and only those interlocutory orders from trial courts
that are brought in accordance with Ind. Appellate Rule 14.
[11] Ind. Appellate Rule 2(H) provides that a judgment is a final judgment if:
(1) it disposes of all claims as to all parties;
(2) the trial court in writing expressly determines under Trial
Rule 54(B) or Trial Rule 56(C) that there is no just reason
for delay and in writing expressly directs the entry of
judgment (i) under Trial Rule 54(B) as to fewer than all the
claims or parties, or (ii) under Trial Rule 56(C) as to fewer
than all the issues, claims or parties;
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(3) it is deemed final under Trial Rule 60(C);
(4) it is a ruling on either a mandatory or permissive Motion
to Correct Error which was timely filed under Trial Rule
59 or Criminal Rule 16; or
(5) it is otherwise deemed final by law.
[12] The Bakers’ notice of appeal identifies the order being appealed as the trial
court’s February 26, 2016 order, states that a motion to correct error was denied
April 27, 2016, and indicates that the basis for appellate jurisdiction is that the
appeal is taken from a final judgment as defined by Ind. Appellate Rule 2(H).
[13] The record reveals that the court’s February 26, 2016 order granted Fall Creek’s
November 25, 2015 motion for summary judgment and denied Fall Creek’s
March 27, 2015 motion for judgment on the pleadings as to Waste
Management’s counterclaim to Fall Creek’s third party complaint. However,
the February 26, 2016 order did not enter judgment with respect to Fall Creek’s
third party complaint against Waste Management or Waste Management’s
counterclaim against Fall Creek. The Bakers do not direct our attention to the
record to demonstrate that Fall Creek’s third party complaint and Waste
Management’s counterclaim had been dismissed or that the trial court had
entered judgment on the third party complaint and counterclaim.
[14] Based upon the record, the court’s February 26, 2016 order does not dispose of
all claims as to all parties, and thus the order is not a final judgment under Ind.
Appellate Rule 2(H)(1). Cf. Ozinga Transp. Sys., Inc. v. Michigan Ash Sales, Inc.,
676 N.E.2d 379, 382 (Ind. Ct. App. 1997) (observing that the plaintiffs filed a
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complaint against defendants NIPSCO and Michigan Ash alleging negligence;
that NIPSCO filed a cross-claim against defendant Michigan Ash alleging
contractual indemnity; that defendant Michigan Ash filed a third-party
complaint against Ozinga, the injured employee’s employer, alleging
contractual indemnity based on a contract between Michigan Ash and Ozinga;
that NIPSCO, Michigan Ash and Ozinga each filed motions for summary
judgment on the plaintiffs’ original complaint and on the various cross-claims
and third-party claims; and that the trial court entered an order granting
summary judgment in favor of NIPSCO and Michigan Ash on the issue of
negligence, finding that Ozinga owed a duty to defend and indemnify NIPSCO
and Michigan Ash, and granting summary judgment in favor of NIPSCO and
Michigan Ash on their respective claims for contractual indemnification,
indicating the trial court’s order had disposed of all claims as to all parties),
reh’g denied, trans. denied.
[15] Further, the court’s February 26, 2016 order does not contain the language
required by Ind. Appellate Rule 2(H)(2) that there is no just reason for delay. In
addition, although the Bakers filed a motion on March 15, 2016, titled
“Plaintiffs’ Motion to Correct Error and Request for Hearing,” that motion is
more accurately characterized as a motion to reconsider the trial court’s
February 26, 2016 order granting Fall Creek’s motion for summary judgment.
See Stephens v. Irvin, 730 N.E.2d 1271, 1277 (Ind. Ct. App. 2000) (treating a
motion labeled a “Motion to Correct Error” filed before the entry of final
judgment as a motion to reconsider), affirmed on reh’g, trans. denied; Hubbard v.
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Hubbard, 690 N.E.2d 1219, 1221 (Ind. Ct. App. 1998) (“[M]otions to reconsider
are properly made and ruled upon prior to the entry of final judgment” (citing
Ind. Trial Rule 53.4(A)); Trial Rule 59(C) (providing that motions to correct
error are to be filed “not later than thirty (30) days after the entry of a final
judgment”). Thus, a final judgment was not entered under Ind. Appellate Rule
2(H)(4). We cannot say that the order falls into any of the remaining categories
of Ind. Appellate Rule 2(H). Accordingly, the appealed order is not a final
judgment under the definitions of Ind. Appellate Rule 2.
[16] The Bakers are therefore appealing from an interlocutory order. Parties are
permitted to appeal “as a matter of right” the following interlocutory orders:
(1) For the payment of money;
(2) To compel the execution of any document;
(3) To compel the delivery or assignment of any securities,
evidence of debt, documents or things in action;
(4) For the sale or delivery of the possession of real property;
(5) Granting or refusing to grant, dissolving, or refusing to
dissolve a preliminary injunction;
(6) Appointing or refusing to appoint a receiver, or revoking
or refusing to revoke the appointment of a receiver;
(7) For a writ of habeas corpus not otherwise authorized to be
taken directly to the Supreme Court;
(8) Transferring or refusing to transfer a case under Trial Rule
75; and
(9) Issued by an Administrative Agency that by statute is
expressly required to be appealed as a mandatory
interlocutory appeal.
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Ind. Appellate Rule 14(A). The trial court’s order does not fit into any of these
categories. Thus, the Bakers were not entitled to appeal the court’s order as a
matter of right. An appeal may be taken from other interlocutory orders if the
trial court certifies its order and this court accepts jurisdiction over the appeal,
Ind. Appellate Rule 14(B), or if an interlocutory appeal is provided by statute.
Ind. Appellate Rule 14(D). There is no indication that the Bakers sought
certification from the trial court or permission from this Court to file a
discretionary interlocutory appeal, nor have the Bakers stated a statutory right
to appeal. Accordingly, we dismiss. See Ramsey, 959 N.E.2d at 251-254
(holding that the Indiana Supreme Court lacked subject matter jurisdiction
where the appealed order did not dispose of all issues as to all parties and was
not a final judgment); Moser v. Moser, 838 N.E.2d 532, 535-536 (Ind. Ct. App.
2005) (dismissing an appeal from an interlocutory order where the appeal was
not one of right), trans. denied.
Conclusion
[17] For the foregoing reasons, we dismiss the Bakers’ appeal of the trial court’s
February 26, 2016 order.
[18] Dismissed.
Robb, J., and Mathias, J., concur.
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