Untitled Texas Attorney General Opinion

E OIKNEY GENERAI. IF XAS AUSTIN 1~1. TEXAS March 29, 1962 Miss Edna Cisneros Opinion No. WW-1291 County Attorney Willacy County Re: Whether a defendant, after Raymondville, Texas indictment is returned and before trial on the merits, is entitled to take deposi- tions when the witnesses are neither non-residents, non-residents temporarily within the State, aged or infirm and related ques- Dear Miss Cisneros: tions. You have requested an opinion from this office on cer- tain questions pertaining to whether the defendant in a criminal action is entitled to take the depositions of certain witnesses for the State. In this connection you set forth the pertinent facts as follows: "Defendant was arrested, bond set by the magis- trate, and defendant released on bail. No efforts were made to have an examination before the magis- trate; the grand jury convened thereafter and re- turned a true bill of indictment on the defendant, aslh Qie case 'rrd-s %eVn se% S-or +uFiaL "VJ +&"rrt: "3ssczli& Court. Defendant filed a notice of intention to take the oral depositions of certain state's wit- nesses, in this case? the main state witnesses, all of whom reside in this county and none of whom are aged or infirm. No affidavit stating facts were necessary to constitute good reason to take such deposition has been filed." Pursuant to this fact situation you have posed two questions--the first of which is set forth as follows: "Is a defendant, after indictment is returned, and before trial on the merits entitled to take depositions, oral or with written interrogatories, when the witnesses are neither non-residents, non- residents temporarily within the state, aged, or in- firm? ‘. MLss Edna Cisneros, page 2 (W-1291) Article 734, Vernon’s Code of Criminal Procedure, pro- vides that: When an examination takes place in a criminal action before a magistrate, the defendant may have the deposition of any witness taken by any officer or officers named in this chapter. . . .I1 Article 735, Vernon’s Code of Criminal Procedure, pro- vides that: “Depositions of witnesses may also, at the re- quest of the defendant be taken when the witness resides out of the State, or when the witness is aged and infirm.” Article 738, Vernon’s Code of Criminal Procedure, pro- vides that: “The deposition of a non-resident witness who may be temporarily within the State, may be taken under the same rules which apply to the taking of depositions of other witnesses in the State.” Article 741, Vernon’s Code of Criminal Procedure, pro- vides that : When the defendant desires to take the depo- sition of a witness at any other time than before the examining court, he shall by himself or counsel file with the clerk of the court in which the case is pending an affidavit stating the facts necessary to constitute a good reason for taking the same; and also state in his affidavit that he has no other witness whose attendance on the trial can be procured by whom he can prove the facts he desires to estab- lish by the deposition.‘* A study of the foregoing statutes reveals the instances in which the defendant in a criminal action may obtain the de osi- tions of witnesses. Pursuant to the provisions of Article 732: the defendant may obtain the deposition of any witness he so d& sires before the examining court. However , should the defendant desire to obtain the deposition of a witness at any time other than before the examining court, the provisions of Article 741 must be complied with. In this connection) Article 741 provides that for the defendant to take the deposition of a witness at a time other than before the examining court it is necessary that the defendant or his counsel file an affidavit stating the neces- sary facts to constitute a good reason for taking such deposition. In turn, Article 735 and Article 738 set forth grounds constitut- ing the reasons for allowing depositions pursuant to Article 741. . - Miss Edha Cisneros, page 3 (WW-1291) Insofar as the type of deposition which can be taken of a witness, either oral or by written interrogatories, we are of the opinion that by virtue of the provisions of Article 742, Vernon’s Code of Criminal Procedure, the depositions taken pur- suant to Article 741 may only be taken by written interrogator- ies. Article 742 is set forth as follows: . . “In ca e arismrr under the meced’ne: a title, written int&;oaatories shall be filed :ith {he clerk of the court, and a copy of the same served on the proper attorney for the State the length of time required for; service of interrogatories in civil actions.” ~(Emphasis added) However as to the depositions taken pursuant to Article 734, during the course of the examining trial, there is apparently no objection to the deposition being taken orally rather than by written interrogatories. In connection with the same fact situation set forth heretofore, you have posed the further question of: “IS such a defendant entitled to a commission to take-depositions without complying with Article 741 CCP?” In the case of Barton v. Statk 215 S.W. 968 (Tex.Crim. 1919), the court in commenting upon the iffidavit required under Article 824, the present Article 741, stated that: “The law required this affidavit to be made as a predicate for the issuance b; “,“; ;serk of notice to the adverse parties an h suance of commissiou.l’ (Emphasis added) In view of the holding in Barton v. State we are of the opinion that your second question, under the facts posed, should be answered in the negative. Under the facts stated, the defendant in a criminal action would not be entitled to take depositions, either oral or by written interro- gatories when the witnesses are neither aged, infirm or non-residents of the State. - . Miss Edna Cisneros, page 4 (Ww-1291) Under the facts stated, the defendant in a criminal action would not be entitled to a com- mission to take depositions without first comply- ing with the provisions of Article 741, Vernon's Code of Criminal Procedure. Sincerely yours, WILL WILSON Attorney General of Texas PB:jkr:wb Assistant APPROVED: OPINION COMMITTEE W. V. Geppert, Chairman Norman Suarez Harry Rewell Grady Chandler RRVIEWEDFOR THE ATTORNEYGENERAL BY: Houghton Brownlee, Jr.