Untitled Texas Attorney General Opinion

2917 Mr.ReaganHuffmsn ~&ion No. W- 598 Chairman Liquor Regulation Coinmltlree Re: ConstitutionalityOf House of Representatives .~ H.B. 57, 56 Leg., re- Austin, Texas latlng to whether or not the State may tax beer sold to and oon- sumed on MllltsrgRe- servatlonswithin-the Dear Mr. Huffman: State. We quote from your opinion request as follows: "Pursuantto'.amotion duly.made and.passed by the Liquor RegulationCommittee, I am herewith submittingto you the original H.B. 57 for'an opinion as to its constltu- tiona1ity. "The specific question involved.is whether or not the State of Texas may tax beer whloh Is sold to and consumedon Military Reserva- tlons within this State." Section 1 of B.B.'57 amends Article 667-2&(d) V.P.C. to omit the exemptionand refund provision pertaining 'to beer "shipped to any installationof the National Military Establishment,wherein the State of Texas has ceded police jurlsdlctlon,for consumptionby military personnel within 'said installation." Section 2 omits the exceptlon.of."mllltary beer consigned to military installations"from the requirement that all beer shipped into this State be consignedto.the holder of a Manufacturer's,,General DIstrIbutorIs,Branch Distributor's or Local Distributor'slicense, and adds the sentence2 "Nothingin this seotlon Bhall prohlbit'the" holders of a Manufaoturerls,General Dlstrl-. 'butor.'s. Branch Dlstrlbutor+s.or Looal Dls- trlbutor's Lloense to sell beer, on whloh the tax 'thereonlevied In Seotlon 2 F sio mlole raf'the Te~q~~l%~~en rid, EEdKlqrnmen Iiiiin~l~slnte. -- ~. : Sta~.phasls added) 2918 Mr. Reagan Huffman, page 2 (OpinionNo. w-598) Article 667-23, V.P.C., provides: "There is hereby levied and assessed a tax at the rate of $1.37 per barrel on the first zhof all beer manufactured&Texas and lmwrW-A2n -- mall imported into this Setate." (Emphks adm Title 4, U.S.C.,A.,Section 105 grants to the States the power to levy and collect sales and use taxes within Federal.areas. S.ection107(a) states that this shall not be deemed to authorize the levy or collectionoffw tax o-n or from the United States or any Instrumentalitytherz. or the,levy ar collectionof any tax with respect -- to & or u of tangible personal.property sold orany instrumentality.thereof to,any authorlzed~~purchaser.(Section 107(b) defines "authorized purchaser.") The foregoing provisionsare controlling. The state may not tax importations~ofbeer by any Federal Government Instrumentality;nor.may It tax "first sales" of beer to,.ang Government instrumentality,or by such.Instrumentalityto "authorizedpersons." See Attorney General's Opinion No. w-582. The State has the authority to tax all other "importak~ tlons'.and'first sales," regardless of whether such "importa-,.~ tions" and "first sales" occurred within Federal areas. For the reasons stated In the Attorney General's Opinion cited, supra, no issue of constitutionalityis raised by repeal of the- exemption and refund provisions regarding beer shipped to Mill? tary Establishments. .The specific question ig~your opinion request was whether or not the State may tax beer which Is sold to and consumed on Military Reservations. However, Section 2 of H.B. 57 raises another issue so intimatelyrelated to this problem ,thatIt must.,alsobe considered,i.e., the validity ' o-fthe amendment to.,Section29 of Article 667, V.P.C. The amendment Is designed to aid collectionof the tax on beer sold to Military Establishments. Omission of the exemption of 'militarybeer cons~igned to military Installations"from the requirementthat all beer imported into the State be con- signed to the holder of one of the enumeratedpermits in effect.,, requires a permit for the importationof beer into m?.litary establlshmentst In cases where~the State of Texas has ceded police jurlsdlctlonto the Unl,tedStates, the State is without, power to Issue or require the.purchaseof permits or licenses': sInbe .suchpermits norlicenses are imposed under the State's Police Power to control~thetilcoholio beverage business. AttO* General's Opinion No. WW-354, O-3216. See.also Collins v. Voz' bh-.Reagan Ruffman,.page3 .. ,(OpinlonNo..WW-598) mite Park & Curry Company, 304 U.S. 518 (1938). Since the state cannot require the licensing of a consigneewithin a Federal area In which police jurisdictionhas been ceded, It cannot accomplishthe ssme result Indirectlyby ,requlrlngthat all beer Imported Into the state be consigned to the holder of a license. Further, such a requirementwould constitutean undue Interferencewith Interstate commeroe. The case of Murphy v. Dove, 249 Fed. 2d 783 (U.S. D.C. 1957, Cert.Den. 355 U.S. 9%) contains the following statementon point: "Since Kansas does not have territorial jurisdictionto regulate liquor In the Federal enclave ,lthas no authorityto impose revenue measures concerningliquor which are Inseparable from such regulatory aspects of-the~Act. The effect of what It seeks to do by the regulatory provisions of Its 1aw.l.sto make Impossiblethe purchase'or sale of llawr on the.Reservatlon. or Importationof iiquor in Interstate0ommerEe Into the Reservation. Such-a constructionwould not only place a burden on irrterstate~cosunarce ,,.,,_ of liquor to the Reservation but would star,It entirely. In Johnson v. Yellow CabTransl5 Com- ~~;lO~Clr., 137 F; 26 274 279 we sa&d that state has no pow& to'forbld the trans- porta~l&'ln Interstate commerce of Intoxicating liquor through Its territorialboundarles.~ and that a State r... ..has no jurlsdlotionto require or grant permits for the Importationof intoxicating liquors into. . . ."a reservation." [Emphasis added) Therefore, the requirementthatall beer imported Into Texas be consigned to the holder of a license Is Inoperativeas respects . beer consigned to military establishmentsin which pollc~ JU??iFKliCtiOn has been ceded. The last sentence of the amended Seotlo,n29 implicitly requires the payment of taxes on all beer sold to Federal C(overn- ment lnstrument~ltles. .Such a requirement is in direct con- provision Is void. SUMMARY The State my not.,ta$lmportations~of beer by any Federal Qoverhment ~Ins:trumentallty~,nor ,, . ,' .;. 2920 Mr. Reagan Huffman, Page 4 (OpinionNo. W-598) may It tax "first sales" of beer to any Govern- ment Instrumentality,or by sudh Instrumentality to any "authorizedpurchaser." The State has the authority to $ax all other "importations" and "first sales regardlessof whether such "importations"0; "first sales" occurred within Federal areas. The State has no power to require the licensing of consigneesof beer in Federal areas where police jurisdictionhas been ceded, and cannot Indirectlyaccomplish the same result by re- quiring that all beer imported into the State be consigned to the holder of a license; such a requirement is further unconstitutionalas constitutingan undue Interferencewith inter- state commerce. Therefore, the requirement that all beer imported into Texas be consigned to 'the holder of a license is inoperativeas respects beer shipped to consigneeswithin military es- tablishmentsin which police jurisdictionhas been ceded. .~. The implicit requirementof the iast sentence of Section 2, H.B. 57, that taxes be paid on all beer sold to Federal Government instru- mentalities Is In direct contraventionof the constitutionalprohibitionagainst taxation of the Federal Governmentby the State Government embodied In Title 26, U.S.C.A., Section 107, and is void. Yours very truly, WILL WILSON JNP:cm APPROVED: OPINION COMMITTEE: Geo. P. Blackburn; Chairman C. Dean Davis C. K. Richards Elmer McVey Linward Shivers REVIEWED FOR THE ATTORNEY GENERAL By: W. V. CtEPPWT