140
OFFICE OF THE A-i-l-ORNEY GENERAL OF TEXAS
AUSTIN
Honorable L. is. %oode
Stkt,eSuperintendent of Public InstructJon
Awstln. Toxiq
prorid by law'
tmt1on, Who80
sd or eleote4 in
authority and
b, Seotion 1, prorl4ae.aefollows:
"*There ie hereby oreateb the @&to Boer4
tion. Said Boar4 #hall aoa8fet or
of isduca
nine members to be appointed by the Governor,
with the advioe snd oonmnt or the Senate.*
";%rtlcle2675b,,Zection 3, remde a8 follows:
cjrthe Board.* (EPrphaeZ.8
oure.)
~&lo16 3663~reads 46 iollowe:
"*The Sate Suuperinten4ent ohall it16 all
reports, doeuumte an4 paper8 transmitted
to &la and the St6te Bosrfi by eotuity or
0itg 60h00r 0rfi06r~, ~6 ma 611 0tm
eourues pertelningto publio eohool8,and
keep d 6cmp~ete index or the 66~6.'
*s60tion s 0r n. B. 80. 859, 6n Aat or,&he
Regular
Thirty-eighthLeglelature, 8eeelon 19SS. reed6
a6 rOliOVt6f
"'The State B6erd of BQuaatlon ie hereby
de6ig6eted a6 the L3t6t6 BO6rd Or Voeatioeel
Education,with neoerewy authority and porrrrr
t6 6oop6rate with the B'ederel
Board of Vsae-
tioti Xduaatlon, 68 ptsVfde6 en4 rrquilwl
b; said AOt
the of C6si&re66, in the a&&ri%6-
tration or the previfbioae
0r eald AOtt end
to do 8x1 thinngewceeeary to entitlethe
&ate to reoei+ethe full beaetitethereof.*
*The state Boer6 or Eduaetlonlkte'follow# the prae-
ttae or tokizq en oath 0r orrio ,8eI6 reqtlired or all
state orrloialE and boar4 menbere, whlah 08th i8 fil6d
with the Beerutary 0r State. In additioato thie oath,
t.hereI6 tlleQ with the Stete 8ioperinteadent~ot Pub110
Iaetructlonae 6~ 0fr ia leoretary 0r the Board 66
oath a8 prescribedin AztiOleSWSb, Sekotlon e af the
korleedCivil Statutea that the board meabere are not
lsooaiated rith the textboek indqetrgia &nr of the
oapaoiti68 68 are mentioae& in ,tbis et~6tat.e. Wuber6
of the date Board ter V0oat10ae.l Xduaatfon have never
t*icen an 06th of orrioe~ 88 loob.
“In four reoent 0pLnlon Ho. 0-Wle, you held that
th6 State Booaril of. Esiuaation and the &ate D6partm6nt Of
Iiduo ntio werentwo lepeirateentltiee of goveraaent. The
gueation hae.arieen as to whethnr th6 8tate~BOard,oi
odua&ion und the State Bad ror Vaaetional Ed~uoet.ion
are two separate entiCise oi 6overnmnt, or whether tho
Stat6 Bonrd Gf Eduoation ha8 be6n given additional d&L
ties by the LsgioLaturefnoident to the aQminietretion ~
of,stat6 and Federal Voortton%l fun&.
“xrticlo M75b, Seotloa 3, whioh I h;ivequote4
ab:~e, has 4esl~ato4 the State Supedntanderit be a
orriclo aoordarl of tha &State Board or Eduoatloa. I
woald l&11*to know whether the Stat0 Ziuperlntendont
of Yublio Instructionie ex ofiioio aeoretmry or the
State Board for Vooatlonal Muaatlon by virtue of the
mt that the 8wkw statute nhioh Craates the Stat0
i+rd of Bduaetion also detrigmtea the State Eiupcria-
tendett a8 it8 ax 0rrioi0 reorstaryor roilether the
&ate Boar4 for Vooatlonal Bbuaation an4 State Board
or JCduo~tioaare tro aeparatr eatltlea 0r gotemnmt
nod whether the etatate rhioh aontrola tbe mmbsrehlp
of the &ate Board of fduoation and deelgnstor It8 ex
orrioio reoretarg la not epplloable to the &ate Boar4
tar Vooatlonal Eduoatlon and whether the State Bawd
r0r vocationalEduoatioonay replace the ex orrid
aeoretary by a board order.”
CONSTITUTIONALPROVISIONS - PAST'AND PRESENT:
Art.iolc7, seotion 8, state Oonstltutlon0r 1876,
read as follower
“The~CbV4zPOlp, Oomntrolloran4 SeamtarT 0r
state ehall~oonstltutea Bqasrdor Eduoation,who
shall diotribute rraldrun40 to the several oountfee
an4 perform euoh other duties oonoemins publla
8ohools a6 map be preooribed by law.* (gmphamir oura)
By general eleotion he~ldNovember a, 1928, said seotlon
or eaid Article wae amended to read a8 r0u0nt3:
"The Legielatureehall provide by 'Lawfor a
State Boer4 of Mlueatlon,whose membere shall be
appolated or 'aleat. in suah manner and by auoh
authority en4 ehall eerve ror suoh term as the
Legislature shell preeoribe not to exoeed six gears.
The mid board ahall perform euah duties ae sitiy be
preiaoribed by law."
143
(1) : (Creating Boar4 0r hducatloa and State Board 0r &ducatlon):
Before the adoptionof the above aamdaent to our
Constitution,.theLegieleture, by Art1018 e644, Vernon’s Anmo-
tats4 Statutes, 9rovlded that;
“The Uovernor, Searetary or Ytste end Oomp-
troller shall aonstltutea State Board oi Eduoatioa
whloh shall hold its eeeeIone at histIn. The Governor
shall be ex otiIOIo preeI&ent Of the board. The State
Supertatendentehall’be ex orilolo eeoretery or tbs
(Bmpheeln ours)
Since the above emen4ment was adopted as aioreeald,the
&e”sgielature hae providedror the oreation0r the present State
.' mm-dor Educetlon, ooneIetIngor alne members to ba appointed
by the Uovernor, with the advloe eml aoneent of the Senete.The~; ‘.
e the tlret boar4 ammbereshell.be appointed for SIX
luo o eeeo r to
ear terme, three membere to retire on January let, bIennIally.
Iheir qualIiIeatio~I3, llIgibllIty,powers, duties and ooqenea-
tlon are al80 fIxed. gate 19%9, Uet Lea., 8nd 0. S., 9. la,
,Chap.10..(Arts. E67Sb-1 to 3675b-10, V.ki 0.9)
iirth$.e &676b-3, Vernon’s Annotated Ulrll Statutee,
provl4ee as r0u0w8:
*The &tat8 Soerrdor Zdueatlon shall organlee
by the 8lsptiOntf one Of It8 msbere a(1preeldent,
an4 the State juperlntendentof Publlo Instruction
shall be~%elo eeerettiy or the Board."
?6mphaele our;01
By irrtiolea678b-5,VeMoate Annotated OIvIl Statutes,
*ai& ;itste Bonrd 0r d4uoatIonGas lsgmwend and dIreat*&to Ia-
.,mdlat.ely t&se over and Qlech~rga al.1dutlea Iapose4 by law upon
the 3omd or Educotlon then In exletence at the.tIrPasaid new
-ot t;ok erreat. (de Art. MM to 8475-1, V.A.C.S., ror member-
ship and duties or Board then In l xleteaoe). In a44ltIon to
aaId dutlae, It le therein providedthat said tit&toi&ard or
aduuation “iilallWHOM eubh other duties am mar fwm time to
tlq* be prrreoribed by the &gIelatur~.w In difltioa to th8 fore-
UOI~U. eald &ate Boar4 0r lMuaatIon Se epeelrIoellrrequired to
-erf%m those duties set forth Ik lub4IvIofon8 (a) ,- (b) i (a), (a),
Pe1,2896b-9,
and
(i), and (6) or said mtlole SNlbb-5, cab in kmtlelee Bdlsb-f3
Vernon*8 imeotnted Civil Statutes. (~~eie ok
(2)- (Providingtot Vocatloonal
Bdueatlon):
By kieotlon3 or the SmIth+u@iee hot (nor 3eotlon 16,
Chapter8, Title e0, U.S.C.&), approved Pebruery’&$,1919, Congress
provided as rououet
Vhat In order to leaure the be~erlte of the
approprIatIoneprovidedror in 88otIone two, three
an4 rour or this Act, any State shall, through the
1egielatIveautborlty thereor. aoeept.the provlelone
or~~thieAot and deal at0 or iareate a State Board
eoneletina 0r nod&an tmmber8~. an4 hair
ia6 all n~oeeeary power to cooperate as h&da pro-
vided.,with the Federel Board for Vooatioael B;duoa-
tlon In the ldaIaietratIonor the prorIelone0r tble
aot . The state Boar4 or %duoatIon, or other board
herin o&s&e 0r the admlnletratlon0r any.rtied0r
rooatfoeel edueatlon In the S.tate,me
ma lleot, be 5eeI ate4 es the State
purpose or~(EppheeIe ~ow~~:‘,*“‘~“”
thetlon lZ3 of said Smith-RughemAot (notiSection 23,
Title a0, U.S.C.a), requires any Strtte,In order to reoelre the
Fe4erel ap+sopriatloneprovlbed for thsreunder,to epjolnt, by
Its leglelatlveauthority, its Atate Treasurer as ~uetodlan 0r
said ye&em1 appropplietlone.
145
H. B. 239, 33th Leg., Chap. 131, which provider
for vooationaleduoatlon ln Texas, end the aoceptanoe of
benefit8 under the Smith-Hughe Aat, we8 approved Yarah 24,
1923fand became eirratire aase date. This 3. B. 2S9 alw
valldntee prevloua acoeptenoe8by the Stnte of mob benerltr,
titerthe Steto Treasurer a8 ourtodien of all fund8
:;;:a atate
.' rrolpapproprlutlonr under said f,ot.
3aotlon 3 or said H. B. 2S9 reads as rollowrr
*The &ate ibard Of SduCatlOn i8 heroby
deel~ated 88 tke 3tato Doerd or Vooatlonal
Eduoatlon, with nooossary authorityand power
to moperet wlth tho Fodoral Board of Voo8tloael
Education, a# provltladmd required by the 8ald
riot 0r congre88, in the adminlrtratlonor tho
pro~l8lon8Oi said AOt$ and t0 d0 au thing8 ,IlbOO8-
wry to entftlotho 8titst8 to noolvo tho full beao-
rit8 therwi.* (bpha810 Ourl)
Whllo 8aid B. B. gf9 do88 not appsar in our Rot1806
Clvll Ytatotes, it ha8 been kept in iOr00 and Oris& in Texar by
3aotlon b or.tho i%n8l, Tltlo thereof.
(a)- (Providingtar VoootlonalRobebilltatlon)r
The pmmotlon or vooatlonalkehabl1ltatlon we8 rlr8t
provldod ror by en i;Otof Dongro88 approved June 2, 1920. Said
irat aa amended ‘jU.3.C.II.,Tltlo 19, Chap. r-iha8 rocontly beon
&mendOd by Publle law 113, 7Sth CO?h3088, Chap. 190, tit 68881On
0r sala COzigre88, approrod July 6, 194s.
rioetioa3 or sald orlginsl act or Juno 2, 1920 (now
jdotlon S4, a8 esendod, of Tttlo 29, U.3. C. A.), oentainl,
among otherr, tho foll.owlngprovl8ion8r
“hr ordor
to secure the benefitsof the appto-
priatiOA8 authorlsod by 80OtiOn 31 Ot thi8 title
(seotlon 1 0r said orlgfnaldiet)ary 8tato shall,
throu& tho Iegl8latlvoauthority thereor, (1) ao-
oept th% ~rov1~10ns or seotions 3144 or *hi8 title;
I--
woperrrto as heroin providedwlth tho
Fed&l Security rgenay ln the adminlstr~~tlon at
the qroviSion8 Ot 8OOtiOll83144 Of thl8 title;
l * (5) appoint e8 oustodl~qf+orsaid appropria-
tlone its Ytato Troasuror, ; Provided, that
any State whloh, prior to Juno 50, 1939, ha8 ao-
oeptod and otherwise oompllad with tho provision8
of WOtiOIl8 S1-44 Or thi8 tit10 8h811 be deowd
to hare aooopted and aoaplled wit& tho provisions
Or this 8OOtlOlI." (Eaphe8i8Our81
By irat8Or l!m, 4i8t kg., i8t c. S., Q* 57, aa
23 (now iirt.iZb75-1, . a. C. s. 19E5), the %’f518-
tiOotiOn81 and 8,
latw or TCxua, aaoeptod tho provirlon88na bOnefit Of ssld
original R&abllitatlon txotof COA~~O~?, a8 th8a amndod Juno
5, 1984, and authorlaedand lapowerod the Troerurer ai Toxa8 to
reoelvo 8aid Fodaral tutIdS,8.nd* + * "to 58~ dl8buE8UaUIt8
therefrom upon tin order 0r the Stat0 Board tor'V.ooatioml .'
liduoation.* Said State Bo&rd of VooatloaalEduoatlon*a# llw
*empoweredawl lnatruotod to oooperato with th8 teras end eondl-
tiOn8 UPFO88ed itIthe Act Or cuJUrO88 &fO~~Said."
lz~C’l?S DISCU6WD
,Thg8,m 800 that the Board 0r Eduoatloa, as orlgim8lly
protfdod for in OUT ~ll8titUtiOll; *88 OOaW8d Or O&V three B-
par8, ri~crthe Ooverwr, Secretary or 61tateend Comptroller. Tho
8tatUtO (Art. 8664, V.A. GA.) provided that *the Governor 8hall
be OF oiiioio pre8idont ot the board.” The 8amo statute air
provided that *the Stats Superiatrnbont rhall be ox 0rri0i0 liooro- .
tary 0r the Board gd 8hall kesp 8 0otmlete rooor6 ot all it8
roooodln a whloh rhab be 8lgaed by tho presldont end atto&d
wy t o Beorotary." (~h~sls our8)
i&tot Seotlaon8 or lirtlole7 ot our Oon8titutlonwe8
awndod 01). ETovomber 6, 1988, a8 herolnabovoItotOd,a aew Stat0
&mrd of Pduoetlon, oompo8od ot nine m~abera, ~88 areated .bytho
bgialature, tandwith oertaln power8 and datieo hemln pMViOU81J
referred to. El.B. 79,~AOt8 Or 19i29,~
418t Leg., 2nd G. 8.. p.
12, Oh. 10. (The first tell (lo,) SOOtiOn Of said hot are BOW
tits. 2675b-1 to 2675b-10, v.A.c.6.). out StJtate
B0QX.dof
~Eduoaflon,as now oonatituted,oame into existenceby virtue
or aald Act.
Khile the Governor had been dsei.gnated by the kgiS-
lature (LBthe ex oif5050 prealdant of the old Board (:+rt.2664,
V.A.C. S.), the new Board was empowered Pnd dlreoted by the
Le~5alBt!lre to *organ5m by the OleOtiOB Of one of its amber8
aa prea+mt, and the State Superlntendbntof Pub150 Instruction
shall be lx offlclo leoretary of the Boerd.a (Art. 267Sb-3,
V.A.O. S.). Thus, while the BOW Board wae allowed to choose
the president thereof by eleoting 0110 of its memhera as such,
the State.&ipM.nteadant of Pub156 IU6itrUCtlOB was .bystatute
&ealgnatrd~. ae the ex+f1050 seocetory of said BOW Board, 08
he had been ao dealgmted for t.heorlghal Board.
By t~haPl’OViSionS of IlrtiOle267fib-8,VbrBOB’S ABBE-
tated Civ,llStatutea,“it le. made the duty of the Sgaw Board of
Bduoation, Orehted by this Let (arts: 26775b-1to -10, V.
A. C.S.;. to tidlatslf take over ad diaoharue all duties im-
paed bf‘Dreaent laws ubon the Board oftEdkcation in ariatetme
at the time this Act tak$~~~~~~~~ie.ot.W ThereSore. raid new Boar&
of nlqe ammbara has superseded the old Board of -thriemembers.
(See Seotion 11 of aald-El.B. 79, wh59h provides that “all laws
an& part* of laws In Oontl5ot witb.rap provision of this Aot
are hereby repaaled.W) (Emphaalaours)
ft should now be remembered that it wan the original
three-memberState Board oi Bduoation.that was deaf
the State Board or VooatlonalEducation. (ii.B.d%H &. ,
,B. S. 192a, approved Maroh 24, 192s aBd effectire M&h 24,
1923).
~.
kiter said origiptd Board had been io’previouely
de85 ated &a the State Board of Voootional.Eduoatlon, said
,e Board. then Oon85at5ng.ofthree members, wae em-
'@oWeredand lnetructed to promote Wtioatlonel reheb5litationin
Texas by oooparatlsgwith the term and aonditlonaot the Act
of Cokgraaa providing for same. (Art. 2675-1, Sea. 2, V. A. C.
8. - AOta of 1929, 4lat Leg., 1st C. 3,. , p. 57,~Chap. ,22).
It au& also be observed that, under~theprovisions
oi'the Smith-KkgheaAot hereinabovereferred to, t.heLeglalatum
either,designate or oreete
ocdtild a State board of not .le.vs
khan
Eonoruble L. rl.isood8,+&e 9
t&e8 PZ&PDbe.faas a State .BourdOr vOOe+tiOtial Bd+OatiOB. It
oreated DO @ew &oar&, ‘but d~~~:~~t~~~“,“du~~~~B~~~ 2.
~uoation as the *ate Soar
a5uoe added to said Soard*a duties the prom&Ion of vooational
re~b~litatlon, as oloreaa56. Therefore, instend of oreotlng a
new board of not leas thaa three nembera to promote vocational
eduoation and vocational rahab5l5tationin Toxaa, euoh duties
were alaply added to those already be$ng performed by the then
‘Board OS Eduoatlon. Furthermore.when’the new &ate Board of
6duoatlon’waaoreated, and the Aot oraating it beoam erreotlve,
as aSoreaa5d, it took over, by leg5aletlveaandate, all duties
then lapooad ‘by law upon the OrigiBa1 Board. These duties in-
eluded the promt4on of vooatlonal educatton and rooatlonal re-
habil5tat5o~in Texas.. I3y statute, tha State Superlntcadent
of Publlo IBatrUOtioB was dealguated the lx-ofi5olo aeoretary
OS said new Board. (Art. 267Sb-5) . Said statute has never
born aaeadad or repealed.
“The irmpoaltlon’
of add5t5onal du,tleaupon a~.
existing 0ff504, to be performed under a d5tSarent
title, doer not oonatftutrthe .enation oi a new
ofsfoe.
‘AB oSil& to whloh the duties of auodher are
added remains ~te.cbnloally
a ~olngleoifl.ee;it la
not an orrloe under its own nau@ and title and an-
other under the naae of ‘theone whose datles are
annexed to it.. Corpua Juria, Vol. 46, p. 934, par.
29.
,
See al60 Powe31 v. Ik’ilaon, 16 Tax. 69; Klnnig I. Zimplan&n,36
T. 554; Allen v. U. S. Bideltty Co., ASS Ill. A 198 (affirm. 269
Ill. 234, 109 El.B. 1035); State v. Powell, lQ9 Ohio St. 983,
142 N. Ji.401~ B~tf+5eldv. Ulngo 00. Ct., 80 Y. Va. 166, 92 S. IX. .
245. Flret Bap. Ch. v. City of Ft. Worth, (Gem. App.) 26 S. W.
(2&f 196; City or Hououston v. Stswsrt (+ex Sup. Ct.)87 9. W
663i liucalinei&dloine Co. v. k%and&d Im: Co., (Tex. Civ. A&.)
25 3. W. (26) 259; Pr. Her.; Jones v. tilexauder, 59 S. W. (26).
1080, 122 T. 328.
EoBor&bie L. A. koOSa, ‘pa&e 10
se0 .alaotaxes tar Rer5su, Vol. lS,
atruotive artlok and oltrtlo~8~inpolntiad
Vol. 29, p. 376;,et seq., under *OS?5oera,~ Key lfo.30.
Where oerbaln dutlaa are oonterred by the Lo#lSlatUm
upon a dea5gnated~fliobr, the &giulatrrrr lr the only authority
uhetoby lald duties mr bo withdram or oonierrrbupoa others.
By *oortainduties” ir pcuI), of, eouxae, those dflgle8. uhloh the
Iag5akture has p0ver to 00&w. Al%. 8, 8OOtiOB 1, COlUtitUtiOB
of 'h&a; Bxown v. City of Galraatoa,97 T. 9, Tb 9. W. dS8; 27
Tax. Jur.; p. 42s. par. 9.
In view of the tongo5rrg, th equestlaM lubaitted
in your ooauwmioatloaam anewaxed 88 foll~vrr
rot
*tat. The stat. Board
by the Legla&turo, to
tk of State and Fodetal toaatfonal
adminlatratlaa trtada.
By rlxtw of the pxorl85on8~0$
hxtiole 8695b-3
Vernoa*a i&otatrd Clvll Btatute8 the Mate ZWm9.atoBdent iif
Publio Inatntot5oa la t&a l r-ntflho 8eoretary of 8hr State
Board of Ydueation irifho diaahnrge of any and all of it8 du-
ties, regnfdlaeaor whether it iunotlona~ as the 8teto Board of
Eduoatloa OF .aa the State &ax& for Voaatilonal
Edwaflon.
5. The State Board or Bduoatlon,wMt~ecrUE+OtiOBiae
as auoh or as the atate Board t&r v0Oational~PDhtoation, ir wlth-
--”
pnorab3.e L.,,+.Noode, prigs11
out p& or authority to r@aoe the State Superfntsadent
of Publio Instruot’lon
a8 ex-offioloSooratary of said Bosld.
Very truly your8
ATTOILHIRWSNIEBILL
OF TBXAS
COMMll-WE