Untitled Texas Attorney General Opinion

OFFICE OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL OF TEXAS AUSTIN Honorable H:.D. Bradflold Chairman,Texas Liquor Control Boar& Southern Methodist University Dallas, Taxes puor Control Act 9 impoeod l&pon , ror instanoer inspoet* Mb regulate 8s of manufaoturlng, tranrportation,stor- 0n,'pome~~ion ror the pur- d posses8lon of all alooholio ding thr adrsttlsing and labrl- all raspsots aooerrsry to aooap- osos of this Aot. TAO Board ir with power and authority to pro- eoribe all neoemsry rules and regulationa to that endt to m&m the filing of suoh reports and other data by all poreone enga& in any phase of the elcoholio beverage business, which Etmambla W. 1).Bradfisld - psgs I: it BE{ do o asoo88sry r 80 thalooayllsh puyy:m- or th 4 Aott to supervlss and rsgulets a 1 BBS as4 pelritk8s an4 thsir ple088 or bu81n848 in ell mttors atisOtin( the goneral pub110 whothr bnin ~p0irh.n~ mOntlono4 or noi, aad to luthOrlss its l gra&b, servants, sn4 em lorcts uudsr its dlrrotion to oarry out the prOJ hueor. '(b). To went, rsfusa, suspan4, or oanosl pormit4 or liconsss for the par0h~84, transporta- tion, kaportstion,sals or msnufsotura or alao- holio bsrsrsgos or othttr permits in mgerd thon- to. "(0). To inrostigatsand aid in ths prom- oution or riOlatiOn4 of this Aot and othsr Aots rslatlng to elooholiobsvsragss, to maM sef,s~r~s or llooholio bsvaraps manuraotuna, sold, kept, Imported, .ortrensportsd in oontrarsntlon hsrsot, end apply ror the oontisoatlon th4m0r uhsmrmr =cpliria by this A&, ~4 oo-opsrate in the prs- ssoution 0r orrsnasrs bororo any Court or oampo- tsnt jurisdiction. "(4). To ueroiss sll other powors, duties, and funotions oonforrod b this Aot, and all )o1- or4 lnol44at4l, conrenisn i , or n60444ery to sn- abls It to 04minf.t.r or oarv out any or ths provisions of this kot and to publish all nsoes- sary rule. and rsguletlons. w(o). In th. wont the Unit.4 Stat08 CoTsa- msnt shall provide any plsn or moth.4 whereby ths tuss on liquor shall bo oollsotsd at ths souroo ths Boar4 shall have ths right to sntsr into any and sll oontreote end oomply with the rsgulatlons, even to the extent or partially or who117 abrogat- ing any provisionshereof whioh mey be In ooailiot dth Fsdsral iew or ngulations to ths snd that th. Bosr4 shkll raoslrs th. portion th8r.ot allo- 6atod to the Stat. of Tsxss, and to distribute th6 sams as In this i4otis proviasd+ w(r). To requfrs by rule and rsgulation thst any liquor sold in this Stat8 shall oonior~ in all mspaot.8 to the edrortisodquality of such Pro4uotsi Honorable W. D. Bredll.14, - Pegs 3 to promulgaterules and r4guletlon4governing lebellillgend sdrsrtlslngof all liquor4 in strlot aocordanoswith the lsbslllng and aa- vortlslng regulationsor the Fsdsral Alcohol Administrationsto adopt and snroroo e standard 0r quality, purity, and identity or aU eloo- hollc bsverege.,end to prornulget. all suoh rule. end regulation.a6 shall be 4e.m.4 nsoos- sery to fully sarsguerd th. public health and to ineuro eenitery condition.In the manure&U- lng, rerlnlng, blending,mixing, purlrylng,~. bottling, end rsbottllng or any eloohollo bsrsr- 'ageend the sale the-or. (g). To lloense, regulate, and oontrol th. ure or eloohol end liquor ior solentlflo, phermeosutloal,ena lnaustrlel purposss, and to provia for tbm withdrawal thsreor iron warshouess end denaturing plants by regulation, snd to prescribe the mannsr fn whioh the .m mey be used for solsntlrlo.rsssaroh or in hos- pitals and in sanatorla, in industrial plants, and ror othsr menuraoturlngpurposes, tax-INS." Art. 666 600. 6, Tsxes Liquor Control ~r,"iGt. 1, sso: 6). You point Gut -- oiting ssterel ln4tanoos -- "that perhaps the most important 4utl.s lm osed u on ths Boer4 am oonourrentlyimposed upon both tEa BoeriaLl4 the A4minlsttator .” You further stat&r *The Liquor Control Boor4 * * + et its msstlng on Ssptembsr 1, 19S7, adopted what 18 known es Rule and EeguletionNo. 3-A. whioh read. as rollowsr ?*In addition to th. spsolrlo powors and dutier a.l.geted to ths AdminiBtrator’by the Texas Liquor Control Aot or by any rule8 apd rogulatlonsor the Board, the Administrator of the 'Boar41. herabr and 1. herswith g1r.n sxolusivo jurisdiotionbetha followingmet- tars: "'1. Appointing and omplo~ing olerks, stenographers,in@motors, ohsmlst., end am- Honorable W; D. Braafield - page 4 p10ye.4, an4 fixing their autioe ana selarl.4. ” ‘2. Comde4lon faepeotors,repressnta- tires, ana enpi0y006. 7(b), Art. I.) ” ‘3. Granting tia'rsntsiagpsrmlt. aa llo4n.es,end all other msttsr. in 0onnsotlon with bearing thsrson. ($00. ll, Art. I, Md Sea. 8 and 7 (a), Art. II.) = ‘4. Csn0ollation-4 suspsnslon 0r psr- mits -4 U04~es, and all qtters in connsot- ion with hsaring. thsrson. ($00. 12, Art. I, and 5.0. 19, Art. II.) W'5. To designate mmbors or th. Board or representatlrssthsrsof to hold h.srlng. as pro- r14.4 by law. (sea. 12 (a) (a), Art. I.) ale. Certifyingto the suthsntloltyof sll noor4ss notless, orders, gub;loatlons,rulrs snd al.1other aooumnts rsoor I) and reports in peso- slon or the Board. 1S.a. 12 [a) (61, Art. I.) N’7. Inre4tigation or, and all mattore in oonneotlonwlth alleg. rlolation. of liiwby out of state wholssalers,browom, distillers,winrr- ies, menufaoturors -4 agents, sonants -4 em- ploy.o. of the ssme. (5.0. 27 (b), Art. I.) "'8. Edakingrooomeen4atlonsas to pleas of gul1ty, ($40. 26, Art. II.) wr00ti~. this thr lst or septambor, A. D. 1937. (See Seo. zt(a) Art. I.) TEU8 LIQIJCRCONTROL~BOABD." Whotbmor not the provl0ioM ai thO8tate squr Conk01 Aof?.aboiereform4 to are oa%itUtbMlly . Whsther or not tbo 1~108 -4 regulatlon8 of the Board %x4 msntionsa srs rrrlld and bind.W. 3. R'lnblngthat the prtd810M of th. Act md #LO Honorable W. D. Bredf!.eld - page 5 rulee or regulationsare valid, what are the respective powers end duties or the Boar4 end the A4minlstratorun- der the proper constructionof Suoh statutes and resolu- tions? 4. Whether or not it is within the lawful power of the Board to amend, alter or repeal its rules and regu- lations theretoforeadopted so es to lessen the powers of the Administratorend increase the powers of the Board, 5. Finding that the Board has the power so es to amend, alter or repeal its rules, then what etfsst would such amendment,alteration or repeal of its rules end regulationshave upon the prior eots or the AdminiS- trator under suoh resolutionsor r&lee extending exolu- slve power? We beg to advise: 1. At the $hrsshold of our rirst question llee the oonslderatlonof the oonstltutfonal power ot tho Legls- leture to delegate its legislntlvs funotion to an adminf~- tratlve body. By constitutionalmandate no one of the de- partments of the governmentmsy enoroaoh upon the powers rightfully belonging to another drpartmaat. That is to sey, the,Leglslatur8,maynot perform the purely judlolal f'uns- tion, nor may It perrorm purely 8ssautlvs tunotlons. Liks- wise, the courts havenno power to perform purely leglsla- tlve functions, nor may they perrorm purely exeoutlve f'uno- tlons. For preolsely the same reasons the exeoutlvs ofil- 0836 may not perrorm any ru0ti0n that is efther purely legisletlvs or purely judlolal. I have us84 in this oon- neotion the word mpurrlyW ln defining ths exoluslve powsrs of the department,and have done so advisedly. It Is a mat- ter of praotioal lmpossibllltyfor either of the depart- ments to funotlon without in scmo mee6ure performing some acts that partake, in a measure, of the functions and pow- ers of another department of the government. In this busy day of onmplex aftalrs it is preotloally impossiblefor an edminlstretlve.orexecutive orfioer to perform his neOeS- sary duties without at the same time, in some measure, per- forming some incidental runcrtlonsthat under other oiroum- stances would belong to the judlolel or leglsletlv8 depart- ment of the gover.zcent.Such lnol38ntal pow&r6 are trsquent- ly referred to as bei& "quasi judicial,*or "quasi 18gisla- tlve." The exerolse of suoh quasi powers do not render the a8t of the executive or edmlnlstretlvsofficer void, 854 are not forbidden by the constitutionalprohibition above refer- &mrabls W. 3. Rradfleld - Pa&s g _._ red to. It 18 only whore the exeoutivs or admlnSstrntSv8 oftloor psrfoxma 8 funotlon or power th t le purely that belonglng to anotherdspnrtmut of thq govermbnt, that it 1s iorbibdsn. Appr this it fol.lSws that th8 bgs8lature hM the pousr to delbgste to a nldqlnl8tratlrsorflosr any power or ths authority to prrr0zti an r~0tii0a thrt ia not pursly leglslatl?s or 9ursly jud fala1 in its mturs. Ths 6bnsralruls upon this subjsot of delugated ~X’18’thStWhS~ #SLSgiShtUXS 8ufflOilKlt)gdSfliwS d outllnrs its lntsntloas m as to evldenos k ~f%&~liO~ or d8ohntlon O! th8 law* svon though in genbr tams, lt say thsrsupm dslsgata to sn ldmlnlstr stlvs o r flo sor r board ths nsas8sary au8 proper powerto& those thln2&8thsta~l oalmlatsdtoosrry out the loglslatlr* poLioy or plsn. In other werds, it weuthorles anotliorto #a ply thsdstalls to &srwrlc- abk ths lsgislativu aOih iph 18 lslportantt$mrnaMtel pwstlsn has roodtea unusual n&lo8 endoonsldsratloa wlthla th0 last fsw ysars. tT8 alto thb 0sL40or Penaw IiaflnlnsCo. et al, ve rtJrpn et 81 (U. 8.) 79,Law Pd. 446 and the ~sry full enwtatloee to ths subjsat, round in f& A. & R* l.464,and 95 A. L, R. lS94. A p1A.ng the lnOlpls8 ws have rererred to, lt 18 ths 091 x2on or this r spmrtmsnt that the authorityoop- rerrsdby ths Lsglalaturs upon ths Baird In the ssotlon and subssotlon herOlnaboro sot out, lo a valid exsral88 of tha 18glslstlYs powor nad ~ssts in the Board tb8 authar- lty to do ths this@ thOrsin mentloaed. Question No. 1, thrraioro, should be ammeroQ "yes". . BeotlonU(a) sub6lvlslon(6) ot AZ%. 1 of ths Aat (I&, Art. 606) dsolarbsr - *It shall be the duty of ths bard by its printedrubs and mguletlone entsr86 ~uponlt# mlnutosto lmmadhtsl~ speolfy the dutibs and powore or the AdminLoWator. In all in8tein0~8 whamby ptovlrlon8 or this Adt, ommurrsnt ,ww- ers and dutlas are litposodupoa th0 lkmrd and Mnrinistrator, tb Ward shall deafgnatu suoh = powST8St&ddUt:bS WhlOh it dSl8 tS8 t0 thb Ad- ednlstrator. All orders, de01Sk? one* and'Jud6- Honorable W. D. Bradiield - page 7 m4nt4 entered and rendered by the Administra- tar in matters upon whloh he hab been empower- ed to aot shall not be subject to ah"&h"' x-e- Vl4W, or r4.~vision by the Board. All0 or aoXiOurr4ntpOW4rS and duties which are Mt speoiiloallydelegated to the Administrator by the Board's order shall be consideredas retained by the Board ltselt and all orders, deci4ions,and judgmentsrendered and enter- ed by the Board shall not be subjeot to OhaU8, review, or revision by the Administra- tor." There is thus given express authority to the Board to authorize its Atilstrator to perrorm m and all those functions that have been given conauxrently to the Board and the Administratorby the terms of the mt. The delegated authority to the Board itself 1s no more binding than is the sub-delegationor the same author- ity by the Board to the Admlnlstrator. Your question NO. 2, thererore, should be answered "YBB.~ 3. The statutes above quoted and the rules or resolutionsabove set forth are, WC,think, suffiolently lnrormatirewithin themselves to answer your inquiryBo. 3. 4. The authority oonierred upon the Board to delegate oertain the Administrator Is no more than t orations ?o perform their will. The the Ohlef ofiloer of the Boar0 to whom may be 64lbgstOd the speoliled powers and authorityto represeat th4 Board. There is nothing ln the statute to indloatb the intention that thla power or the Board 1s one ior a mom4nt to be exhausted in its initial 4x4rols4. On the contrary, there 14 every reason to b4llere th4 leglrlatiP4 intent&on was that suoh power is an abiding power to b4 4x4rals4~a"- 00rdlag to the sound orrlolal dlsoretlon Oi the Board. To hold that this er or authority oi the Board eq!ire* with ita first exerpo r88 would be to give a strlat aommotlon to the etatutes;whereas, the 8tatutorY rule u that 411 statutes are to be given a liberal OnnstruOtionwlth t&e V~SW 0f accomplishingthe deeigned purposes thereof. f&es- tion NO. 4, therefore, should be answered in the affwe- tive. Honorable W. D. Bradfield - pge 8 5. It id erprbssly protided in @Ub?mOtlon (e), abwe quoted, thatr "All orders, d4olelone end judgments en- tered and rendered by the Administratorin matters upon which he has been empowered to sot, shell not be eubjeot to ohaage, review, or revielon by the Board." Compl4m4ntary,it 1s provided rurthert "Al.1other conourrentpowers csd duties whloh are not 8peOlfioallydelegated to the Admimietratorby the Board's ardor shall be coAsldbr4das retalnsd by the Board itselZ, and all orders, doclslons and judgmentsren- dOred end entered~bythb Board shall not be sub sot to hxnge, rwlsw or rsvlslon by ths AdmLstrator.w It will bo soon that the rrvisw by lp p b el from ay order or d801810n must bs t?onthb deolsio~~ or the Admlnl8- trator, or iromthe Board aoeordlng as the Admlnlstratoror the Boardhas the power or jurlsdlotlonto make the ardor or deolslon in quastlon. Nblthsr the Administrator nor thb Board can amend, mdiry or in any wise art asidb sn order or deolslon or the other in any event. Xorswer, it is Qubtiul if U&4 Adminirrtrator aan hLpyl8l.i emend, SiltOr,or in any wise ubt aside or raeate, an order or deoision mad8 by hia where rights or other persona have beaome flrsd there- under, ror no pro~lsion is made ror a rehearing rith~respet to eueh motters~ the rem being by's diFbOt appbdl, ss proridbd by the statutes. I, Sea. 14, P.C. Art. 666 840. 14). The seme thing may be said with respeotto the Board's power, or rather, laok of power, with res sat to amendlng,modlfylng vacating or In any,-4 lmpa1ring it8 own orders or decls~onewhere rights o? others h4Yb b40~4 vested or rlxed thereunder. '&Is ls the doctrine of the Suprow Comt announoed in the case of Laidlow BrOS. vs. lddrs, State Superintendentof PublloSInstruotlon,87s 8. W. . This answers your q$estionNo. . The foregoing representsthe consideredOpiaion Eonombl4it.Di'aadfleld - ~4 9 119.NmJa 0018Bpssr Adstult AImmnD DRC 8, 19a9 (Elgned)obreld c. Mann ATTORRRYOlhTgRALOFTXAS