Untitled Texas Attorney General Opinion

THEATCORNEY GENERAL OF TEXAS GERALD C.MANN AUSTXN xx. Tsxan A-rroRNlcY OSNBRAX. Honorable~F. J. Moss Overruled In Dart by O-1981 Cbuntg Auditor Montague'Ccllnty Montague, Texas Dear Sir: Opinion No. o-1567 Re: Payment of Officers' and wit- nesses' fees provided for In Section 5, Article 567-b, Vernon's Penal Code We are in receipt of your letter in which~'youquote part of Section 5 of Article 567-b, Vernon's Penal Code, and request an opinion on the following four questions: "1 . Under this article does the State or the county pay such officers and witnesses re- ferred to herein? "2 . Are the officers and witnesses herein referred to entitled to be paid the same amount as they would be entitled to if the case were a felony? #f3 . " Is the fee of,officers and witnesses herein referred to taxable against the defend- ant in the event of convlctlon? "4 . Under this article are the witnesses within the county entitled to be compensated as provided in Article 1078, Code of Criminal Procedure?" Section'5 of Article 567-b, Vernon's Penal Code reads as follows: "In all prosecutions under sections 1,'2 and 3, of this Act; process shall be issued and served in the county or out of the county where the prosecution Is pending and have the same binding force and effect as though the offense being prosecuted ~were a felony; and all officers issuing and serving such process in or out of the county wherein the prosecution is pending, Honorable F. S. Moss, page 2 o-1567 and all witnesses from withln or without the county wherein the prosedution is pending, shall be compensated in like manner as though the of- fense were a felony In grade." We refer you to our opinion No. o-1135, in which,we held that the appropriation under House Bill No. 257, 46th Leglslature,~the Judiciary Appropriation Bill, for payment by the State of~costs and fees to officers and witnesses in felony cases, as provided in Chapter 2, Tltle~l5 Volume 3, Vernon's Code of Criminal Procedure, Is not available for the purpose of compensating officers and witnesses in similar man- ner for first and second convictions under Article 567-b, Ver- non's Penal Code, where the amount of money involved is less than fifty dollars, which are misdemeanors only, but It is available in all cases of a'thlrd convfctfon, and convictions where the amount Involved Is fifty dollars or more, whlch.amount to felonies Wtthln the statutory definltlon of Article 47, Vernon's Penal Code;and that there Is no appropriation with. which to carry out the provisions of Section 5 of Article 567-b, Vernon's Penal Code. First and second convictions for violation of Sections 1, 2 or 3 of Article 567-b, supra, where the amount of money Involved Is less than fFfty dollars are misdemeanors. See Section 4 of Article 567-b, supra. Section 5~of Article 567-b refers to "all prosecutions under Sections 1, 2 and 3 of thfs Act." For convictions under the Act which do not amount to felonies, there is no approprlation.in the Judiciary Appro- priation Act, House Bill No. 257, 46th Legislature, for the payment of costs and fees of officers and witnesses by the State. By placing all offenses prosecuted under Article 567-b, supra, on the plane of felonies, the Legislature plainly in- dicated its intent that the State only be liable for compensat- ing officers and witnesses In accordance with the provisions of Section 5. It has already been polnted out, however, that there Is no appropriation to take care of any"charges except the felony prosecutions under the Act.' The State is liable under Section 5 finthe misdemeanor cases, but there is no ap- propriation to take care of the costs and fees In them. Therefore, in answer to your first question, it is our apinlon and you are so advised that under Section 5 of Article 567-b, Vernon's Penal Code, It Is incumbent upon the State to pay the officers and witnesses as provided, but that there is Honorable F. J. Moss, page 3 o-1567 no appropriation available except for,such offenses as amount to statutory felonies under Article 567-b. The State does not pay the fees of Nitnesses within the county in felony cases. Article 1036, as amended, Code of Criminal Procedure. Consequently, in answer to your second.question, It is our opinion and you are so tidvisedthat tinderSection 5 of Article 567-b, Vernon's Penal Code, officers and witnesses are entitled to be paid the same amount as they would be entitled to If the case were a felony with the exception of witnesses resid1nn Fn the county who are'not Daid by the State in felonr castes;Eher@ being no-appropriation; howe;er, at the present " time for compensation in cases where the offense is a statutory misdemeanor. Article 1018, Code of Criminal Procedure, reads as follows: 'When the defendant is convicted, the costs and ~feespaid by the Stat& under this tltle'(TFtle 15 i Criminal actions) shall be a charge against him, except when sentenced to~death or to lmprison- ment for life, and tihep5ollected shall be paid gnu Fhe State Treasury. (Parenthetical insertion . Article 1019, Code of Criminal Procedure, provides: "If the defendant is indicted for's felony and'upon conviction his punishiiient Is by fine or confinement In the'county jail, or by both such fine and conflnemen't~inthe county jail or convicted of a misdenieanor,nb costs shall be paid bjrthe State to any officer. All costs in such cases ~&hallbe taxed, assessed and col- lected as In misdemeanor cases." -'-As has been poIlitedout, Section 5 of Article 567-b,~ supra, attempts to place all charges prosecuted under the A& bn the plane of felonies. Consequently, every offense whether 8 statutory felony or 8 misdemeanor will be treated as If it wherea felbny. This equality of treatment, however, do¬ make the felony'appropriatlon in the Judiciary Appropriation Bill avallable for payment of costs and fees in misdemeanoti cases, as plainly indicated in the answers to your first two questions. Since from Section 5 it is apparent that the Legisla- Honorable F. J. Moss, page 4 o-1567 ture Intended that costs be paid officers In both felony ehmges and misdemeanor charges, this section would have the effect of excepting offenses under Article 567-b from the provisions of Article 1019, supra, which says that "If the defendant is in- dicted for a felony and upon conviction his punishment is by fine or confinement in the county jail, or by both such fine and confinement in the county jail or convicted of a misde- meanor, no costs shall be paid by the State to any officer." Where under the Act prosecutlonls for a felony, and conviction for a misdemeanor is obtained, then costs will be paid the officer, since.the dTstlnctFon Is abolished by Sec- tion 5 of Article 567-b, supra, as to payment of costs and fees in the case of felonies and misdemeanors. As for the application of Article lo18 under Section 5, It is pointed out that the death sentence or life Imprisonment is not involved In Article 567-b. When the defendant is con- victed of any'of the charges under Article 567-b, whether a statutory felony or a misdemeanor, he Is subject to having the costs and fees paid by the State charged against him since the distinction between felonies and misdemeanors under Article 567-b has been abolished in the case of-~convlctionsunder the Act. Consequently the convicted defendant will be charged with costs and fees in every Instance under the Act in exactly sim- liar manner as the convicted defendant In a felony case where the sentence Is not death or life imprisonment. -. We wish to point out, however, that under Article 1.018, supra, costs assessed agalnst the defendant aresenforceable only under execution. Ex Parte Byrd, 13 S.W. (26) 855, and Ex Parte Smith, 8 S.W. (2d) 139. In answer to your third question, It Is our opinion and you are 'soadvised that in,accordance with the provisions of Section 5 of Article 567-b, Vernon's Penal Code, when a con- vPction is obtained for any offense whether a felony or a mis- demeanor the defendant may be charged with the costs ana fees paid by the State, because mlsdemeanors'under Article 567-b are to be-treated exactly like felonies; and Article 1018, Code of Criminal Procedure, is applicable In all convictions under the Act while Article 1019, Code of Criminal Procedure, Is not applicable. Article 1078, Code of Criminal Procedure, reads as follows: "Witnesses in criminal cases shall be al- lowed one dollar and fifty cents a day for each day they are in attendance upon the court, and Honorable F. J. Moss, Page 5 o-1567 six cents for each mile they may travel In going to or returning from the place of trial.' We have already pointed out that first, the State does not.pay the fees of iltnesses within the county (See Article 1036, Code of Crlmlnal.Proc~edure)and second, that all of- fenses under Article 567-b are treated as if they were fel- onies in respect to the payment of fees and costs. Consequently, witnesses within the county even In the cases involving misdemeanors under the Act are not entitled to compensation since their status for this purpose is that of felonies. This is the effect of Section 5 of Article 567-b. In-answer to your fourth question, under Article 567-b, Section 5, witnesses withfn the county are not entltled'to be compensated as provided in Article 1078, Code of Criminal Procedure, since all offenses are regarded as felonies, with costs payable by the State, and "within the county” wltneimes do not receive payment of fees from the State in felony cases. As a concluding observation, we have endeavored to be perfectly consistent in applying the various articles of the Code of Criminal Procedure“to offenses which amount to vlola- tions under Article 567-b and which under Section 5 of said article "shall be compensated in like manner as though the offense were a felony in grade." Trusting that we have answered all your inquiries satis- factorily, we are Yours very truly ATTORREYGEXERAL OF TXKAS By s/Dick Stout Dick Stdut Assistant DS:LM:wc APPXOVED DEC 16, 1939 s/Gerald C. Mann A~ORNEXGENERAL OF TEXAS Approved Opinion Committee By s/%W% Chalrman