[Cite as Hall v. Hall, 2017-Ohio-580.]
COURT OF APPEALS
ASHLAND COUNTY, OHIO
FIFTH APPELLATE DISTRICT
JUDGES:
ALLISON S. HALL : Hon. W. Scott Gwin, P.J.
: Hon. William B. Hoffman, J.
Plaintiff-Appellant : Hon. Craig R. Baldwin, J.
:
-vs- :
: Case No. 16-COA-034
JOSHUA D. HALL :
:
Defendant-Appellee : OPINION
CHARACTER OF PROCEEDING: Civil appeal from the Ashland County Court
of Common Pleas, Domestic Relations
Division, Case No. 14-DIV-094
JUDGMENT: Affirmed
DATE OF JUDGMENT ENTRY: February 13, 2017
APPEARANCES:
For Plaintiff-Appellant For Defendant-Appellee
NORMAN MILLER, JR. JEFFREY HAWKINS
343 S. Crownhill Road One Cascade Plaza
Box 149 Suite 2210
Orrville, OH 44667 Akron, OH 44308
[Cite as Hall v. Hall, 2017-Ohio-580.]
Gwin, P.J.
{¶1} Appellant appeals the judgment entry of the Ashland County Court of
Common Pleas, Domestic Relations Division, overruling her objections to the magistrate’s
decision designating appellee as the residential and custodial parent of the minor child.
Facts & Procedural History
{¶2} Appellant Allison Hall and appellee Joshua Hall were married in October
2010 and are the parents of one minor child, F.H, born December 12, 2012. Appellant
filed a complaint for divorce on May 29, 2014. Appellee filed an answer on June 30, 2014.
In November of 2014, appellant was designated the temporary residential parent and
legal custodian of F.H. Both parents sought to be the permanent residential parent and
legal custodian of F.H.
{¶3} A trial was held on appellant’s complaint over several days starting
November 3, 2015. Witnesses included appellant, appellee, the Guardian Ad Litem
Joseph Kearns, appellant’s pastor, father, mother, and friend, along with appellee’s
father, mother, and ex-wife. Also called as witnesses were several employees from the
daycare F.H. attends.
{¶4} On direct examination, appellant’s attorney questioned appellant regarding
her experience with the GAL, including the amount of time he spent with her and the
concerns she discussed with him. Appellant’s attorney asked her, “And do you remember
some of the concerns that you wanted to talk about?” Appellant responded, “Some of the
concerns I had were her education, and also just how my ex would act with her because
I was concerned because he would rape me on a nightly basis when we were together.”
Ashland County, Case No. 16-COA-034 3
{¶5} Counsel for appellee objected to the testimony. Counsel for appellant
responded that he was asking what appellant discussed with the GAL and the foundation
for the testimony was that it was what she told the GAL. The magistrate stated he would
allow it because it was not offered to prove the truth of the matter asserted and stated, “I
will admit that as far as what she told the GAL, not the fact that she was raped.” Counsel
for appellant then moved on to questioning appellant about the other concerns she
discussed with the GAL and did not return to the subject of sexual abuse.
{¶6} During the cross-examination of appellee and over an objection by
appellee’s counsel, appellant’s counsel asked appellee if he was asked by the GAL about
the claims against him regarding sexual impropriety. Appellee testified that the GAL had
asked him about it, he told the GAL he would never abuse anyone, but he could not
remember what else he told him.
{¶7} Joseph Kearns, the GAL for F.H., testified regarding his report and his
recommendation. Kearns testified it would be in the best interest of F.H. for appellee to
be named the residential and custodial parent of F.H. Upon cross-examination by
appellant’s attorney, Kearns testified he asked appellee about appellant’s allegations that
she was sexually abused, and Kearns put appellee’s answer in the report. Kearns stated
appellee denied he consciously did anything and what was explained to Kearns was that
she was lying in bed and he, in a semi-conscious, somewhat sleep state, had engaged in
some sort of marital-type relations with the person he found lying next to him in bed.
{¶8} Appellant reported to Kearns that appellee told her he did not realize he was
doing anything due to his sleep state. It was Kearns’ belief that this was confirmation of
what appellee told him later on. Kearns testified appellant told him what happened,
Ashland County, Case No. 16-COA-034 4
appellee gave an explanation, and Kearns left it at that. Further, there was no police report
to look at about any of the allegations.
{¶9} When asked whether he had concerns about the allegations with regards
to F.H., Kearns testified it was not an issue because F.H. did not sleep in the same bed
as appellee. Kearns stated if he had any concerns of inappropriate sexual activity
between the child and either appellant or appellee, it would have been the first thing on
his report. Upon further questioning by appellant’s attorney, Kearns again stated
appellant told him what appellee told her, Kearns asked appellee about it, and appellee
gave Kearns the same explanation he gave appellant.
{¶10} The magistrate asked Kearns whether appellant’s allegations were of
concern to him in developing his recommendation as to the best interest of F.H. Kearns
testified that he talked to both parties, the explanation was plausible, and he thus never
had a concern as it relates to F.H.
{¶11} The magistrate issued a decision on January 6, 2016. The magistrate found
appellee more credible than appellant. The magistrate considered the applicable factors
contained in R.C. 3109.04(F)(1). The magistrate noted he took into consideration the
GAL’s testimony, along with the GAL’s report and recommendation, which was admitted
as an exhibit under seal. The magistrate concluded it was in the best interest of F.H. for
appellee to be designated as the residential and custodial parent.
{¶12} Appellant filed objections and supplemental objections to the magistrate’s
decision. Appellee filed a response to appellant’s objections. The trial court issued a
judgment entry on June 24, 2016. The trial court first found that, upon review of the
transcript, appellant’s counsel was offering her testimony as to the sexual abuse not to
Ashland County, Case No. 16-COA-034 5
prove she was abused on a nightly basis, but to show she discussed this issue with the
GAL. Further, that the magistrate let this testimony in as such and, if appellant interpreted
the magistrate’s ruling as preventing her from pursuing the allegations further rather in
the context of the question being asked, appellant did not proffer any anticipated
testimony regarding these allegations. The trial court also found appellant was not
prevented from fully cross-examining both appellee and the GAL regarding the
allegations. The trial court overruled appellant’s objections to and adopted the
magistrate’s decision. A final decree of divorce was issued on August 26, 2016.
{¶13} Appellant filed an appeal of the judgment entry of the Ashland County Court
of Common Pleas, Domestic Relations Division, and assigns the following as error:
{¶14} “I. THE TRIAL COURT ERRED TO THE PREJUDICE OF APPELLANT
WHEN IT OVERRRULED APPELLANT’S OBJECTIONS TO THE MAGISTRATE’S
PROPOSED DECISION AND VIOLATED APPELLANT’S RIGHT TO A FAIR TRIAL AND
DUE PROCESS AS GUARANTEED BY THE FOURTEENTH AMENDMENT OF THE
UNITED STATES CONSTITUTION AND ARTICLE ONE, SECTION SIXTEEN OF THE
OHIO CONSTITUTION.”
I.
{¶15} In her assignment of error, appellant argues the trial court violated her due
process rights by overruling her objections to the magistrate’s decision when the
magistrate limited her ability to present evidence of sexual abuse during the trial.
Specifically, appellant argues she was not given a full and fair opportunity to be heard
when the magistrate refused to let her testify about sexual abuse and refused to let her
cross-examine appellee as to sexual abuse allegations.
Ashland County, Case No. 16-COA-034 6
{¶16} The due process clause of the Fourteenth Amendment requires an
opportunity to be heard before an impartial observer, and provides the right to confront
and cross-examine witnesses prior to the deprivation of life, liberty, or property interest.
Shimko v. Lobe, 124 Ohio App.3d 336, 706 N.E.2d 354 (10th Dist. Franklin 1997).
{¶17} Appellant argues this Court’s case of Cohen v. Cohen, 5th Dist. Fairfield
No. 99CA52, 2001 WL 61081 (Jan. 22, 2001), is analogous to the instant case and this
Court should find appellant’s due process rights were violated as we did with the appellant
in Cohen. In Cohen, the mother of child filed a motion to modify the allocation of parental
rights after she alleged the father of the child sexually abused the minor child. Id. During
the hearing, the father was called on direct examination, but the trial court then excused
him from attending the hearing the next day, thus foreclosing his cross-examination by
the mother. Id.
{¶18} In Cohen, we found the appellant was denied due process when the parties
were given different degrees of latitude to develop testimony as to the validity, or lack
thereof, of the allegations. Id. “The trial court repeatedly afforded appellee the
opportunity to present evidence tending to show that the allegations of sexual abuse were
not substantiated and were false and unreasonable. However, appellant was prevented
by the trial court from presenting testimony to show that appellant may have been
reasonable in her pursuit of the sexual abuse allegations * * *.” Id. In addition to appellant
not being able to cross-examine appellee regarding the allegations, appellee’s expert was
permitted to testify as to his opinion that the child was not sexually abused, but appellant’s
expert was not permitted to testify about his opinion that the child was sexually abused.
Id. We concluded, “this question of fairness is present throughout the proceedings and
Ashland County, Case No. 16-COA-034 7
supports this court’s finding that appellant was not given a full and fair opportunity to be
heard on the motions * * *.” Id.
{¶19} We find this case distinguishable from Cohen. First, unlike in Cohen, the
abuse allegations were in regards to appellant and appellee, and there was no evidence
or testimony as to any abuse allegations with regards to the minor child. Next, unlike in
Cohen, appellant was permitted to cross-examine appellee regarding what he told the
GAL about the allegations. While the magistrate initially instructed appellant’s attorney
to rephrase the question, counsel for appellant was permitted to ask appellee whether he
was asked by the GAL about the abuse allegations and how he responded to the GAL as
appellee’s further objections to such testimony were overruled by the magistrate.
Additionally, unlike in Cohen, appellant and appellee were not given different degrees of
latitude to develop testimony as to the validity of the allegations.
{¶20} Further, both the GAL and the report of the GAL, which was admitted as an
exhibit, addressed appellant’s allegations. The magistrate specifically stated in his
decision that he considered the report and recommendation of the GAL. The report of
the GAL states the GAL was informed of the allegations made by appellant and also
details appellee’s response when the GAL asked him about the allegations. Appellee
denied consciously doing anything and stated he did not realize what he was doing due
to his sleep state. The GAL similarly testified that appellant made the allegations and
appellee denied doing anything consciously and instead was in a sleep state.
{¶21} Additionally, the magistrate permitted counsel for appellant to extensively
cross-examine the GAL regarding his consideration of these allegations. The GAL
testified there was no concern with regards to the minor child as it related to the child’s
Ashland County, Case No. 16-COA-034 8
best interest because he talked to both parents and the explanation regarding the
allegations was plausible.
{¶22} Finally, when appellant sought to testify regarding the sexual abuse
allegations, the testimony was offered to show what issues she discussed with the GAL.
The magistrate thus permitted appellant to answer the question that was asked and
allowed the testimony “as far as what she told the GAL, not the fact that she was raped.”
Appellant then testified about other issues she discussed with the GAL and there was no
further inquiry into the sexual abuse allegations. Appellant did not proffer any additional
or anticipated testimony as to the allegations.
{¶23} Based on the foregoing, we find this case distinguishable from Cohen.
Further, we find appellant’s due process rights were not violated in this case.
{¶24} Appellant’s assignment of error is overruled and the judgment entry of the
Ashland County Court of Common Pleas, Domestic Relations Division, is affirmed.
By Gwin, P.J.,
Hoffman, J., and
Baldwin, J., concur
Hall v. Hall
Combined Opinion