STATE OF MICHIGAN
COURT OF APPEALS
In re ATTORNEY FEES OF JOHN W. UJLAKY
PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF MICHIGAN, UNPUBLISHED
February 23, 2017
Plaintiff,
v No. 330464
Kent Circuit Court
CHRISTOPHER PAUL DUNCAN, LC No. 14-010932-FH
Defendant,
and
JOHN W. UJLAKY,
Appellant.
Before: BORRELLO, P.J., and MARKEY and M. J. KELLY, JJ.
PER CURIAM.
Appellant, John W. Ujlaky, appeals as of right the circuit court’s order granting in part
and denying in part Ujlaky’s request for extraordinary attorney fees. Because Ujlaky failed to
carry his burden of proving his entitlement to additional extraordinary appellate attorney fees, we
affirm.
I. BASIC FACTS
Ujlaky was appointed to represent Christopher Duncan in Duncan’s appeal of his guilty
plea conviction for conspiracy to commit second-degree home invasion and lying to a police
officer. Duncan had previously been sentenced as a second-offense habitual offender, MCL
769.10, to 7 to 22½ years’ imprisonment for second-degree home invasion and 1½ years’
imprisonment for lying to a police officer. Ujlaky filed a motion for resentencing, arguing that
the court had incorrectly scored offense variables (OVs) 1, 2, and 3. After a hearing, the court
-1-
denied the motion for resentencing. Ujlaky then filed with this Court a delayed application for
leave to appeal on behalf of Duncan, which we denied.1
On November 5, 2015, Ujlaky filed with the Kent Circuit Court a Michigan Appellate
Assigned Counsel System (MAACS) voucher requesting attorney fees and expenses. He
requested $472.41 in expenses and $2,350 in fees, for a total of $3,002.41. Ujlaky did not check
a box on the MAACS form indicating that he was moving for extraordinary fees. However, on
the same day that he submitted the MAACS form, he filed a “motion for payment of fees.” In
the motion, he argued that he had a good cause basis for requesting additional fees because he
worked additional hours on this case. He attached to the motion an itemized billing statement
detailing his work. Without holding a hearing, the circuit court ordered that Ujlaky be paid $990
in appellate attorney fees and $472.41 in expenses. The $990 in appellate attorney fees
represents an increase of $330 from the standard fee schedule for court-appointed appellate
counsel in guilty plea cases in Kent County.
II. ATTORNEY FEES
A. STANDARD OF REVIEW
Ujlaky argues that the circuit court abused its discretion by denying him a reasonable fee
for the professional services he performed. We review for an abuse of discretion a circuit court’s
determination as to the reasonableness of compensation for services and expenses for court-
appointed lawyers. In re Foster, ___ Mich App ___, ___; ___ NW2d ___ (2016) (Docket No.
327707); slip op at 2. “A court abuses its discretion when it selects an outcome outside the range
of reasonable and principled outcomes.” People v Waclawski, 286 Mich App 634, 645; 780
NW2d 321 (2009).
B. ANALYSIS
A court-appointed lawyer is entitled to reasonable compensation for representing an
indigent defendant on appeal. See Recorder’s Court Bar Ass’n v Wayne Circuit Court, 443 Mich
110, 122; 503 NW2d 885 (1993).2 “The party requesting an award of attorney fees bears the
burden of proving the reasonableness of the fees requested.” Adair v Michigan (On Fourth
Remand), 301 Mich App 547, 552; 836 NW2d 742 (2013) (citation omitted). In Wood v Detroit
Auto Inter-Ins Exch, 413 Mich 573, 588; 321 NW2d 653 (1982) (citation and quotation marks
1
People v Duncan, unpublished order of the Court of Appeals, issued October 21, 2015 (Docket
No. 329145).
2
Although “MCL 775.16 was recently amended and no longer explicitly provides that an
attorney appointed to represent an indigent appellant is entitled to reasonable compensation,” the
Michigan Supreme Court recently “referred to the reasonable compensation requirement in an
order entered after MCL 775.16 was amended, which indicates that the requirement still exists.”
In re Foster ___ Mich App at ___; slip op at 3 n 1.
-2-
omitted), our Supreme Court laid out the following six factors to consider in determining
whether an attorney fee was reasonable:
(1) the professional standing and experience of the attorney; (2) the skill, time and
labor involved; (3) the amount in question and the results achieved; (4) the
difficulty of the case; (5) the expenses incurred; and (6) the nature and length of
the professional relationship with the client.
In Smith v Khouri, 481 Mich 519, 522; 751 NW2d 472 (2008) (opinion by TAYLOR, C.J.), the
Court provided the following guidelines for determining a reasonable attorney fee:
[T]he trial court should begin the process of calculating a reasonable attorney fee
by determining factor 3 under MRPC 1.5(a), i.e., the reasonable hourly or daily
rate customarily charged in the locality for similar legal services, using reliable
surveys or other credible evidence. This number should be multiplied by the
reasonable number of hours expended. . . . After this, the court may consider
making adjustments up or down in light of the other factors listed in Wood and
MRPC 1.5(a). In order to aid appellate review, the court should briefly indicate
its view of each of the factors.
The factors in MRPC 1.5(a) are as follows:
(1) the time and labor required, the novelty and difficulty of the questions
involved, and the skill requisite to perform the legal service properly;
(2) the likelihood, if apparent to the client, that the acceptance of the
particular employment will preclude other employment by the lawyer;
(3) the fee customarily charged in the locality for similar legal services;
(4) the amount involved and the results obtained;
(5) the time limitations imposed by the client or by the circumstances;
(6) the nature and length of the professional relationship with the client;
(7) the experience, reputation, and ability of the lawyer or lawyers
performing the services; and
(8) whether the fee is fixed or contingent.
Here, Ujlaky’s motion for additional fees merely argued that he was entitled to
extraordinary fees because he worked more hours than are ordinarily required, and he supported
this assertion by attaching an itemized billing statement. The only legal authority he referenced
in support of his motion was our Supreme Court’s order in In re Ujlaky, 498 Mich 890; 869
NW2d 624 (2015). In that order, the Court remanded the case to the circuit court to “either
-3-
award the requested [appellate attorney fees], or articulate on the record its basis for concluding
that such fees are not reasonable.” Id. at 890. The Court noted, however, that the mere
“expenditure of any amount of time beyond that contemplated by the schedule for the typical
case does not, ipso facto, warrant extra fees,” although “spending a significant but reasonable
number of hours beyond the norm may.” Id. Because the burden of proving the reasonableness
of requested fees in on the lawyer requesting the fees, we turn to an examination of Ujlaky’s
pleading to see if it was sufficient to meet his burden.
Under MCR 2.119(A), a motion must generally “(a) be in writing, (b) state with
particularity the grounds and authority on which it is based, (c) state the relief or order sought,
and (d) be signed by the party or attorney as provided in MCR 2.114.” Additionally, “a motion
that presents an issue of law must be accompanied by a brief citing the authority on which it is
based.” MCR 2.119(B). Here, Ujlaky’s motion for fees was in writing as required by MCR
2.119(A)(a). It did not, however, state with particularity the authority the motion was based on
as required by MCR 2.119(A)(b). Further, in disregard of MCR 2.119(B), Ujlaky failed to attach
a brief in support of his motion and instead appears to have combined his motion and brief into a
single document. In effect, Ujlaky’s motion left the circuit court to find the authority either
supporting or refuting his request for fees, applying that authority to the facts, and then
determining whether he was legally entitled to relief and if so whether he was entitled to the full
relief requested.3 Accordingly, under the facts on this case, we conclude that Ujlaky failed to
meet his burden of proving the reasonableness of the fees requested. See Adair (On Fourth
Remand), 301 Mich App at 552.4
3
We note that even on appeal, Ujlaky has not offered any specific explanation why this case in
particular required more time or work than the average guilty-plea case.
4
Ujlaky also suggests that the circuit court’s failure to consider any of the factors in Wood is the
equivalent to refusing to exercise discretion. He asserts that the failure to exercise discretion
amounts in a denial of his right to reasonable compensation. He also argues that a circuit court’s
discretion to award reasonable attorney fees is necessary to ensure compliance with the takings
clause of the Fifth Amendment and the right to effective assistance of a lawyer under the Sixth
Amendment. We disagree. A salary constitutes property, ATF Mich v State, ___ Mich App ___;
___ NW2d ___ (2016) (Docket Nos. 303702; 303704; 303706); slip op at 12–14, lv pending, and
“where government directly seizes property in which a person has a property interest, a Fifth
Amendment taking occurs requiring the government to pay just compensation,” id. at ___; slip
op at 12. However, unlike that case, where the employees “had a contract based property right in
their own wages,” id., Ujlaky’s compensation had yet to be determined. Indeed, pursuant to the
circuit court’s policy and relevant authority, the precise amount of that compensation was a
matter to be determined after the work had been performed. Thus, there was no Fifth
Amendment Taking in this case. Further, we see no evidence that the criminal defendant,
Duncan, received ineffective assistance as a result of the circuit court’s decision to order only
$990 in attorney fees in conjunction with Ujlaky’s representation in this case.
-4-
Affirmed.
/s/ Stephen L. Borrello
/s/ Jane E. Markey
/s/ Michael J. Kelly
-5-