State v. Patterson

1 IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF THE STATE OF NEW MEXICO 2 STATE OF NEW MEXICO, 3 Plaintiff-Appellee, 4 v. NO. 35,506 5 BRIAN PATTERSON, 6 Defendant-Appellant. 7 APPEAL FROM THE DISTRICT COURT OF BERNALILLO COUNTY 8 Benjamin Chavez, District Judge 9 Hector H. Balderas, Attorney General 10 Santa Fe, NM 11 for Appellee 12 The Law Office of Ramsey & Hoon, LLC 13 Twila A. Hoon 14 Albuquerque, NM 15 for Appellant 16 MEMORANDUM OPINION 17 GARCIA, Judge. 18 {1} Defendant appeals his conviction for aggravated driving while intoxicated and 19 failure to stop at a stop sign. We issued a Notice of Proposed Summary Disposition 20 proposing to affirm. Defendant has responded with a timely memorandum in 21 opposition, which we have duly considered. Because we remain unpersuaded that our 1 initial proposed disposition was incorrect, we affirm. 2 DISCUSSION 3 {2} In our notice of proposed summary disposition, we noted that the district court 4 had entered a detailed memorandum opinion properly analyzing and deciding these 5 issues, and we proposed to adopt the district court’s analysis. We informed Defendant 6 that, should he believe this Court should decide the issues differently than the district 7 court did, he should demonstrate why the district court’s analysis of the issues and this 8 Court’s reliance on it is incorrect. In his memorandum in opposition, Defendant 9 continues to argue that he received ineffective assistance of counsel in this matter. 10 [MIO 2-4] Defendant asserts that his counsel failed to meet and consult with him, 11 failed to provide discovery, failed to raise the issue of the arresting officer’s 12 misconduct, and failed to preserve evidence. [MIO 3] Defendant also continues to 13 state that his counsel did not effectively communicate with him before trial, that there 14 is no plausible or rational strategy to explain counsel’s failure to meet with Defendant, 15 and that he was prejudiced by this failure because the factual knowledge he possessed 16 would have called into question the weight of the officer’s testimony. [MIO 3-5] 17 {3} However, we continue to agree with the district court’s determination that these 18 assertions do not establish a prima facie case of ineffective assistance of counsel 19 because Defendant has not demonstrated prejudice by showing that the results of the 2 1 proceedings would have been different but for the alleged errors of trial counsel. [RP 2 299] See State v. Guerra, 2012-NMSC-027, ¶ 23, 284 P.3d 1076 (stating that, on a 3 claim of ineffective assistance of counsel, it is insufficient to show generalized 4 prejudice, and “[a] defendant must show a reasonable probability that[] but for 5 counsel’s . . . errors[] the result of the proceeding would have been different”); see 6 also In re Ernesto M., Jr., 1996-NMCA-039, ¶ 10, 121 N.M. 562, 915 P.2d 318 7 (stating that “[a]n assertion of prejudice is not a showing of prejudice”). 8 {4} Additionally, we reject Defendant’s argument that the district court’s analysis 9 failed to explore the importance of Defendant’s first hand knowledge and the impact 10 of the lack of communication with trial counsel. [MIO 4] Although Defendant claims 11 that he possessed relevant knowledge that would have called into question the State’s 12 evidence, that assertion is not supported by the record before us. See State v. Baca, 13 1997-NMSC-059, ¶ 25, 124 N.M. 333, 950 P.2d 776 (“A record on appeal that 14 provides a basis for remanding to the trial court for an evidentiary hearing on 15 ineffective assistance of counsel is rare. Ordinarily, such claims are heard on petition 16 for writ of habeas corpus.”). “Absent a prima facie case of ineffective assistance of 17 counsel, [the d]efendant’s remedy is through habeas proceedings.” State v. Hobbs, 18 2016-NMCA-006, ¶ 23, 363 P.3d 1259; see also State v. Herrera, 2001-NMCA-073, 19 ¶ 37, 131 N.M. 22, 33 P.3d 22 (“When the record on appeal does not establish a prima 3 1 facie case of ineffective assistance of counsel, this Court has expressed its preference 2 for resolution of the issue in habeas corpus proceedings over remand for an 3 evidentiary hearing.”). 4 {5} Defendant next argues that the district court erred in denying his motion to 5 suppress because the arresting officer lacked reasonable suspicion and because he was 6 subjected to a pretextual traffic stop. [MIO 4-6] However, Officer Block’s testimony 7 that he observed Defendant drive through an intersection without stopping at the stop 8 sign was sufficient to establish reasonable suspicion of a violation pursuant to NMSA 9 1978, Section 66-7-345(D) (2003); see Section 66-7-345(C) (stating that “every driver 10 of a vehicle approaching a stop intersection indicated by a stop sign shall stop before 11 entering the crosswalk on the near side of the intersection or, in the event there is no 12 crosswalk, shall stop at a clearly marked stop line, but if none, then at the point nearest 13 the intersecting roadway before entering the intersection.”). [RP 9] We therefore, 14 reject Defendant’s argument that the stop was not supported by reasonable suspicion. 15 {6} Defendant also continues to assert that the actual reason for the traffic stop was 16 pretextual. [MIO 6] However, we agree with the district court and adopt its analysis 17 of this issue and its conclusion that Defendant failed to show under the totality of the 18 circumstances that Officer Block stopped Defendant under a pretext. RP 304-306] See 19 State v. Ochoa, 2009-NMCA-002, ¶ 40, 146 N.M. 32, 206 P.3d 143 (holding that, 4 1 where reasonable suspicion exists to support a stop, to establish that the stop was 2 pretextual the defendant has the burden to show that, under the totality of the 3 circumstances, there was an unrelated motive for the stop that was not supported by 4 reasonable suspicion). 5 {7} Defendant also argues that police lacked probable cause to arrest him. [MIO 7- 6 8] However, we agree with the district court’s determination that probable cause to 7 arrest Defendant for DWI was established by the officer’s testimony that Defendant 8 ran a stop sign, failed to satisfactorily perform on FSTs, had bloodshot and watery 9 eyes, and had an odor of alcohol emanating from his facial area. See State v. 10 Granillo-Macias, 2008-NMCA-021, ¶ 12, 143 N.M. 455, 176 P.3d 1187 (holding that 11 “the smell of alcohol emanating from [the d]efendant, [his] lack of balance at the 12 vehicle, and the manner of his performance of the FSTs . . . constituted probable cause 13 to arrest [the d]efendant [for DWI]”). 14 {8} Defendant next argues that the evidence was insufficient to support his 15 conviction for aggravated DWI. [MIO 8-9] See NMSA 1978, § 66-8-102(D)(3) (2016) 16 (defining aggravated DWI as “refusing to submit to chemical testing, as provided for 17 in the Implied Consent Act [NMSA 1978, Sections 66-8-105 through 66-8-112 (1978, 18 as amended 2015)], and in the judgment of the court, based upon evidence of 19 intoxication presented to the court, the driver was under the influence of intoxicating 5 1 liquor or drugs”). We continue to agree, however, with the district court’s assessment 2 that evidence of Defendant’s refusal to submit to chemical testing combined with 3 evidence that Defendant ran a stop sign, failed to completely or satisfactorily complete 4 the FSTs, had bloodshot and watery eyes, and he had an odor of alcohol was sufficient 5 to support his conviction for DWI. [RP 308-310] See State v. Marquez, 6 2009-NMSC-055, ¶ 16, 147 N.M. 386, 223 P.3d 931 (holding that sufficient evidence 7 existed to support the defendant’s conviction for DWI based on the defendant’s 8 bloodshot watery eyes, smelling of alcohol, dangerous driving, poor performance of 9 FSTs, lack of ability to balance, and his refusal to submit to chemical testing, which 10 allows an inference of consciousness of guilt ), overruled on other grounds by State 11 v. Tollardo, 2012-NMSC-008, 275 P.3d 110. 12 {9} Finally, Defendant argues that the trial court judge erred in denying his motion 13 that she recuse herself. [MIO 9-10] We affirm. We adopt the district court’s analysis 14 of this issue, and we reject Defendant’s argument that the trial judge abused her 15 discretion in refusing to recuse herself from this case. [RP 296] See State ex rel. 16 Children, Youth & Families Dep’t v. Candice Y., 2000-NMCA-035, ¶ 21, 128 N.M. 17 813, 999 P.2d 1045 (refusing to consider the argument that a judge should have 18 recused himself because no evidence supporting recusal was on the record); see also 19 State v. Hernandez, 1993-NMSC-007, ¶ 44, 115 N.M. 6, 846 P.2d 312 (“Personal bias 6 1 cannot be inferred from an adverse ruling or the enforcement of the rules of criminal 2 procedure.”). 3 {10} For these reasons, we affirm the metropolitan court’s sentencing order. 4 {11} IT IS SO ORDERED. 5 ________________________________ 6 TIMOTHY L. GARCIA, Judge 7 WE CONCUR: 8 _______________________________ 9 LINDA M. VANZI, Chief Judge 10 _______________________________ 11 HENRY M. BOHNHOFF, Judge 7