1 Opinions of the Colorado Supreme Court are available to the
2 public and can be accessed through the Judicial Branch’s homepage at
3 http://www.courts.state.co.us. Opinions are also posted on the
4 Colorado Bar Association’s homepage at http://www.cobar.org.
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6 ADVANCE SHEET HEADNOTE
7 June 5, 2017
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9 2017 CO 61
0
1 No. 14SC957, Espino-Paez v. People—Criminal Law—Withdrawal of Guilty Plea—
2 Crim. P. 32(d)—Guilty Pleas—Ineffective Assistance of Counsel—Deferred
3 Judgment.
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5 Jose Espino-Paez pled guilty to the use of a schedule II controlled substance and
6 received a deferred judgment. When he successfully completed the terms of the
7 deferred judgment, his guilty plea was withdrawn and the charge was dismissed with
8 prejudice. In 2012, Espino-Paez filed a motion to withdraw his plea pursuant to
9 Crim. P. 32(d). The district court denied the motion, and the court of appeals affirmed,
0 holding that the district court had no authority to withdraw the plea because it had
1 already been withdrawn. For the reasons discussed in the lead companion case,
2 People v. Corrales-Castro, 2017 CO 60, ___ P.3d ___, also announced today, the supreme
3 court holds that the plain terms of Rule 32(d) require a plea to exist in order for it to be
4 withdrawn. Therefore, Crim. P. 32(d) does not authorize withdrawal of Espino-Paez’s
5 plea. Accordingly, the supreme court affirms the court of appeals.
1 The Supreme Court of the State of Colorado
2 2 East 14th Avenue • Denver, Colorado 80203
3 2017 CO 61
4 Supreme Court Case No. 14SC957
5 Certiorari to the Colorado Court of Appeals
6 Court of Appeals Case No. 12CA2635
7 Petitioner:
8 Jose Sabino Espino-Paez,
9 v.
0 Respondent:
1 The People of the State of Colorado.
2 Judgment Affirmed
3 en banc
4 June 5, 2017
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6 Attorneys for Petitioner:
7 The Noble Law Firm, LLC
8 Antony Noble
9 Lakewood, Colorado
0
1 Meyer Law Office, P.C.
2 Hans Meyer
3 Denver, Colorado
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5 Attorneys for Respondent:
6 Cynthia H. Coffman, Attorney General
7 William G. Kozeliski, Assistant Attorney General
8 Denver, Colorado
9
0 Attorneys for Amicus Curiae American Immigration Lawyers Association Colorado
1 Chapter:
2 Lichter Immigration
3 Mark R. Barr
4 Denver, Colorado
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6 Access Immigration, LLC
7 Katharine S. Speer
8 Denver, Colorado
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2 Attorneys for Amicus Curiae Colorado Criminal Defense Bar:
3 Joseph Law Firm, P.C.
4 Aaron C. Hall
5 Aurora, Colorado
6
7 Attorney for Amici Curiae Colorado Legal Academics and the National Immigration
8 Project of the National Lawyers Guild:
9 Christopher N. Lasch
0 Denver, Colorado
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3 JUSTICE EID delivered the Opinion of the Court.
2
¶1 Petitioner Jose Espino-Paez pled guilty to the use of a schedule II controlled
substance in 1996 and received a deferred judgment. When he successfully completed
the terms of his deferred judgment, his guilty plea was withdrawn and the charge was
dismissed with prejudice.
¶2 In 2012, Espino-Paez filed a petition for postconviction relief pursuant to
Crim. P. 35(c) and in the alternative to withdraw his guilty plea pursuant to
Crim. P. 32(d). The district court denied that motion, and the court of appeals affirmed,
holding that the district court had no authority to withdraw the plea because it had
already been withdrawn. People v. Espino-Paez, 2014 COA 126M, ¶ 13,
___ P.3d ___, ___.
¶3 We granted Espino-Paez’s petition for certiorari and now affirm. For the reasons
more fully articulated in People v. Corrales-Castro, 2017 CO 60, ___ P.3d ___, the lead
case we decide today,1 we conclude that the plain language of Crim. P. 32(d) requires
that a “plea” exist in order for it to be “withdraw[n].” Therefore, there is nothing in the
Rule that would authorize a district court to withdraw an already-withdrawn plea.
Because Espino-Paez’s plea had already been withdrawn and the case dismissed with
prejudice pursuant to section 18-1.3-102(2), C.R.S. (2016), there was no plea to be
withdrawn pursuant to Rule 32(d). Accordingly, we affirm the court of appeals.
1 In addition to Corrales-Castro, we also decide the companion cases of
People v. Roman, 2017 CO 63, ___ P.3d ___; Flores-Heredia v. People, 2017 CO 64,
___ P.3d ___; and Zafiro-Guillen v. People, 2017 CO 62, ___ P.3d ___.
3
I.
¶4 Espino-Paez pled guilty to the use of a schedule II controlled substance in 1996.
He received a deferred judgment on the condition that he successfully complete drug
and alcohol treatment. He successfully completed the treatment, and in October 1997
the district court ordered his guilty plea withdrawn and dismissed the charge with
prejudice.
¶5 In October 2012, Espino-Paez filed a petition for postconviction relief pursuant to
Crim. P. 35(c) and, in the alternative, a motion to withdraw his guilty plea under
Crim. P. 32(d), alleging ineffective assistance of counsel.
¶6 The district court denied the petition, and the court of appeals affirmed.
Espino-Paez, ¶ 8. The majority held that the district court had no authority to consider
Espino-Paez’s Rule 32(d) motion because “the relief he now seeks—withdrawal of his
guilty plea pursuant to Crim P. 32(d)—has already been granted.” Id. at ¶ 13. Judge
Taubman dissented. Id. at ¶¶ 19–43 (Taubman, J., concurring in part and dissenting in
part). Judge Taubman reasoned that Rule 32(d) should be interpreted to authorize the
withdrawal of an already-withdrawn plea where a defendant alleges ineffective
assistance of counsel due to counsel’s failure to advise him on the immigration
consequences of a plea. Id. at ¶ 19. We granted certiorari and now affirm.2
2 We granted certiorari to review the following issue: “Whether a criminal defendant
who has successfully completed the terms of a deferred judgment can withdraw the
guilty plea to the deferred judgment under Crim. P. 32(d) if it was entered as a result of
ineffective assistance of counsel.”
4
II.
¶7 For the reasons more fully articulated in the lead case People v. Corrales-Castro,
we conclude that Rule 32(d) does not authorize withdrawal of an already-withdrawn
plea. Accordingly, we affirm the court of appeals.
5