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NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37
COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
PENNSYLVANIA
v.
DAVID WINWOOD
Appellant No. 1871 WDA 2016
Appeal from the PCRA Order November 9, 2016
In the Court of Common Pleas of Allegheny County
Criminal Division at No(s): CP-02-CR-0010718-1985
BEFORE: STABILE, SOLANO, and FITZGERALD* JJ.
MEMORANDUM BY FITZGERALD, J.: FILED: July 19, 2017
Appellant, David Winwood, appeals pro se from an order denying his
second petition for relief under the Post Conviction Relief Act (“PCRA”), 42
Pa.C.S. §§ 9541-9546, as untimely. We affirm.
In 1985, Appellant was charged at CP-02-CR-12033-1985 (“Case 1”)
and CP-02-CR-10718-1985 (“Case 2”)1 with various sexual offenses against
his wife and step-children. In July 1986, a jury convicted Appellant of rape,2
statutory rape,3 involuntary deviate sexual intercourse,4 indecent assault,5
*
Former Justice specially assigned to the Superior Court.
1
Case 2 is the only case under review in this appeal. We only discuss Case
1 to provide helpful factual and procedural context.
2
18 Pa.C.S. § 3121.
3
18 Pa.C.S. § 3122 (repealed).
4
18 Pa.C.S. § 3123.
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spousal sexual assault6 and simple assault7 in Case 2. In November 1986,
another jury convicted Appellant of sexual offenses in Case 1. On April 21,
1987, the court sentenced Appellant in both cases to an aggregate term of
thirty-two to sixty-four years’ imprisonment.
Appellant filed a timely direct appeal in Case 2. This Court affirmed
the judgment of sentence, and our Supreme Court denied allowance of
appeal on April 17, 1989, thus making his judgment of sentence final for
purposes of the PCRA. See 42 Pa.C.S. § 9545(b)(3).
In 1995, Appellant filed his first PCRA petition in Case 2. The PCRA
court denied relief, this Court affirmed, and our Supreme Court denied
allowance of appeal.
On August 26, 2015, Appellant filed his second PCRA petition in Case
2. The PCRA court appointed counsel, who subsequently filed a motion for
leave to withdraw and a “no-merit” letter under Turner/Finley.8 On
November 6, 2015, the PCRA court issued a notice of intent to dismiss
Appellant’s petition without a hearing pursuant to Pa.R.Crim.P. 907. On
November 23, 2015, Appellant filed a pro se response to the Rule 907 notice
5
18 Pa.C.S. § 3126.
6
18 Pa.C.S. § 3128 (repealed).
7
18 Pa.C.S. § 2701.
8
Commonwealth v. Turner, 544 A.2d 927 (Pa. 1988); Commonwealth
v. Finley, 550 A.2d 213 (Pa. Super. 1988) (en banc).
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claiming that he had recently discovered an exculpatory medical record
relating to one of his victims. On March 2, 2016, the PCRA court appointed
new counsel to investigate Appellant’s claim of after-acquired evidence.
New counsel determined that Appellant’s claim was meritless and filed a
motion for leave to withdraw and a “no-merit” letter under Turner/Finley.
On May 4, 2016, the PCRA court issued a second Rule 907 notice of intent to
dismiss Appellant’s petition. On May 17, 2016, Appellant filed a pro se
response in opposition to the second Rule 907 notice. On November 9,
2016, the court dismissed Appellant’s petition and granted new counsel
leave to withdraw. Appellant timely appealed to this Court, and both
Appellant and the PCRA court complied with Pa.R.A.P. 1925.9
Appellant raises four issues in this appeal, which we restate for the
sake of brevity:
1. Are Appellant’s convictions under 18 Pa.C.S. §§ 3122
and 3128 void or illegal for the reason that the legislature
repealed these statutes six years after his judgment of
sentence became final?
2. Did the medical record of one of Appellant’s victims
constitute after-acquired evidence which entitles Appellant
to a new trial?
9
The following occurred in Case 1: in 1989, Appellant’s judgment of
sentence was affirmed on direct appeal. In 1995, Appellant moved for PCRA
relief without success. On November 23, 2015, Appellant filed his second
PCRA petition. On May 12, 2016, the PCRA court dismissed this petition. On
April 20, 2017, this Court affirmed in an unpublished memorandum at 957
WDA 2016.
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3. Did the PCRA court disregard exculpatory evidence in
the medical records of one of the victims?
4. Did Appellant timely file a PCRA petition alleging after-
acquired evidence that exonerated him of the offenses?
Appellant’s Brief at 4-5.
“Our standard of review of a PCRA court’s dismissal of a PCRA petition
is limited to examining whether the PCRA court’s determination is supported
by the evidence of record and free of legal error.” Commonwealth v.
Wilson, 824 A.2d 331, 333 (Pa. Super. 2003) (en banc) (citation omitted).
As our Supreme Court has explained:
the PCRA timeliness requirements are jurisdictional in
nature and, accordingly, a PCRA court is precluded from
considering untimely PCRA petitions. We have also held
that even where the PCRA court does not address the
applicability of the PCRA timing mandate, th[e] Court will
consider the issue sua sponte, as it is a threshold question
implicating our subject matter jurisdiction and ability to
grant the requested relief.
Commonwealth v. Whitney, 817 A.2d 473, 477-78 (Pa. 2003) (citations
omitted).
A PCRA petition “must normally be filed within one year of the date the
judgment becomes final . . . unless one of the exceptions in § 9545(b)(1)(i)-
(iii) applies and the petition is filed within 60 days of the date the claim
could have been presented.” Commonwealth v. Copenhefer, 941 A.2d
646, 648 (Pa. 2007) (some citations and footnote omitted). The three
exceptions to the general one-year time limitation are:
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(i) the failure to raise the claim previously was the result
of interference by government officials with the
presentation of the claim in violation of the Constitution or
laws of this Commonwealth or the Constitution or laws of
the United States;
(ii) the facts upon which the claim is predicated were
unknown to the petitioner and could not have been
ascertained by the exercise of due diligence; or
(iii) the right asserted is a constitutional right that was
recognized by the Supreme Court of the United States or
the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania after the time period
provided in this section and has been held by that court to
apply retroactively.
42 Pa.C.S. § 9545(b)(1)(i)-(iii).
Here, Appellant’s current petition, filed on August 26, 2015, is facially
untimely under the one-year statute of limitations, because over twenty-five
years have elapsed since his judgment of sentence became final. Therefore,
we must determine whether any of his arguments satisfy the timeliness
exceptions within section 9545(b)(1)(i)-(iii).
In his first argument, Appellant contends that his sentences under 18
Pa.C.S. §§ 3122 and 3128 are illegal because the legislature repealed these
statutes in 1995. He argues that this argument fits within the after-acquired
evidence exception within 42 Pa.C.S. § 9545(b)(1)(ii) because he first
learned about the repeals while performing legal research in July 2015.
Appellant might have had an interesting point had these statutes been found
unconstitutional, see Ex Parte Siebold, 100 U.S. 371, 376-77 (1879)
(conviction under unconstitutional statute is not merely erroneous but is void
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and cannot be legal cause of imprisonment), or had they been repealed prior
to his sentencing in 1987. See Scranton City v. Rose, 60 Pa. Super. 458,
462 (1915) (“[t]here is no vested right . . . existing after the repeal of a
criminal statute, to prosecute an offense in existence prior to the repeal of
such statute . . . all proceedings which have not been determined by final
judgment, are wiped out by a repeal of the act under which the offense took
place”). In this case, however, sections 3122 and 3128 were neither found
unconstitutional nor repealed prior to sentencing. At the time of sentencing,
they were perfectly legal. Thus, Appellant’s sentence was valid, and the
subsequent repeal of these statutes did not invalidate his sentence.
Even if the repeal of these statutes rendered his sentence illegal,
Appellant’s argument does not satisfy the after-acquired evidence exception
within 42 Pa.C.S. § 9545(b)(1)(ii). While there is no law directly on point,
we do not believe that the repeal of a statute constitutes an after-acquired
“fact” under section 9545(b)(1)(ii). Cf. Commonwealth v. Watts, 23 A.3d
980, 986 (Pa. 2011) (judicial opinion does not qualify as a previously
unknown “fact” capable of triggering the timeliness exception in section
9545(b)(1)(ii), because this provision “applies only if the petitioner has
uncovered facts that could not have been ascertained through due diligence,
and judicial determinations are not facts”). Even if the repeal was an after-
acquired “fact,” Appellant fails the due diligence element of section
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9545(b)(1)(ii) by failing to seek PCRA relief until twenty years after the
repeal. Thus, Appellant’s first argument warrants no relief.
In his final three arguments, Appellant contends that medical records
of one of his victims was “exculpatory,” that trial counsel was ineffective for
failing to present them to the jury, and that his discovery of the records
established an exception to the PCRA’s time-bar. The PCRA court rejected
this argument for the following reasons:
First, [Appellant]’s trial was held in 1987, and [Appellant]
raised this claim for the first time in his November 23,
2015 [r]esponse to the court’s proposed dismissal order.
[Appellant] has never pled the actual date that he
“discovered” the existence of the purportedly “exculpatory”
medical record. In his November 23, 2015 [r]esponse,
[Appellant] merely stated that “the after-discovered
evidence was the result of seeking files and having a
competent f[e]llow inmate review the case and assist
Petitioner in presenting the finding and information within
(60) days of discovery that could not have been discovered
otherwise by Petitioner prior to trial . . . .” (November 23,
2015 response, p. 6). Thus, [Appellant]’s clear failure to
allege the exact date when he discovered the medical
record evidence precludes him from meeting the after
discovered evidence exception to the time-bar. See
Commonwealth v. Yarris, 731 A.2d 581, 589-91 (Pa.
1999) (after-discovered evidence exception not satisfied
where appellant failed to demonstrate when alleged after-
discovered evidence was actually discovered).
In addition to [Appellant]’s failure to allege an exact date
of discovery, [Appellant] himself has confirmed that the
claim was not raised within 60 days of the date when the
claim could have been presented. Indeed, “Exhibit 5,”
which was attached to [Appellant’s] November 23, 2015
response, confirms that [Appellant] has been in possession
of the medical record at the heart of his PCRA Petition for a
number of years. Exhibit 5 is a letter that [Appellant] sent
to Attorney Coffey making him aware of the medical
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record. In that letter, which was dated September 28,
2015, [Appellant] stated that he discovered the medical
record “years ago” within his records that were held by his
previous attorney. (“Please find as enclosures, copies of
critical medical records that were find [sic] within my
records of previous attorney years ago”). Moreover, in his
May 17, 2016 [r]esponse, [Appellant] again states that he
discovered the “newly found evidence” “through the
assistance of another inmate” and that such evidence was
found in “appellate counsel’s files” which were in [his]
possession. Therefore, [Appellant] has confirmed that he
discovered the evidence “years ago,” which undoubtedly
prevents him from proving that his claim was raised within
60 day time period set forth in § 9545(b)(2).
Second, even assuming, for the sake of argument, that
[Appellant] was able to prove that he raised the claim
within the required 60 day period, [Appellant] failed to
prove by a preponderance of evidence that the medical
record could not have been discovered [twenty-eight]
years ago through the exercise of due diligence, as is
required by § 9545(b)(1)(ii). To that end, [Appellant]’s
November 23, 2015 [r]esponse seems to confirm that trial
counsel, was in possession of the medical record at the
time of trial, which completely eviscerates any notion that
the medical record could not have been discovered with
the exercise of due diligence.
PCRA Ct. Op., 3/22/2017, at 10-11. We agree with the PCRA court’s
thorough analysis and its conclusion that no relief was due.
Order affirmed.
Judge Stabile joins the memorandum.
Judge Solano concurs in the result.
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Judgment Entered.
Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq.
Prothonotary
Date: 7/19/2017
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