In the United States Court of Federal Claims
OFFICE OF SPECIAL MASTERS
No. 14-1224V
Filed: June 30, 2017
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
GREGORY A. RAZKA, * UNPUBLISHED
*
Petitioner, *
v. * Decision on Attorneys’ Fees and Costs
*
SECRETARY OF HEALTH *
AND HUMAN SERVICES, *
*
Respondent. *
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
Joseph P. Shannon, Esq., Shannon Law Group PC, Woodridge, IL, for petitioner.
Althea W. Davis, Esq., U.S. Department of Justice, Washington, DC, for respondent.
DECISION ON ATTORNEYS’ FEES AND COSTS1
Roth, Special Master:
On December 22, 2014, Gregory Razka (“Mr. Razka,” or “petitioner”) filed a petition for
compensation under the National Vaccine Injury Compensation Program.2 Petitioner alleged
that he was diagnosed with Guillain-Barre Syndrome after receiving a Diphtheria-Tetanus-
acellular Pertussis (“DTaP”) vaccination on May 25, 2013. See Petition (“Pet.”), ECF No. 1. On
April 20, 2017, the undersigned issued a Decision awarding compensation to petitioner based on
the parties’ stipulations. See Decision, ECF No. 77.
On April 27, 2017, petitioner filed a Motion for Attorneys’ Fees and Costs. Motion for
Fees, ECF No. 78. Petitioner requests attorneys’ fees in the amount of $51,875.50, and
1
Because this unpublished decision contains a reasoned explanation for the action in this case, I
intend to post this decision on the United States Court of Federal Claims’ website, in accordance with the
E-Government Act of 2002, Pub. L. No. 107-347, § 205, 116 Stat. 2899, 2913 (codified as amended at 44
U.S.C. § 3501 note (2012)). In accordance with Vaccine Rule 18(b), a party has 14 days to identify and
move to delete medical or other information, that satisfies the criteria in 42 U.S.C. § 300aa-12(d)(4)(B).
Further, consistent with the rule requirement, a motion for redaction must include a proposed redacted
decision. If, upon review, I agree that the identified material fits within the requirements of that
provision, I will delete such material from public access.
2
National Childhood Vaccine Injury Act of 1986, Pub. L. No. 99-660, 100 Stat. 3755.
Hereinafter, for ease of citation, all “§” references to the Vaccine Act will be to the pertinent
subparagraph of 42 U.S.C. § 300aa (2012).
1
attorneys’ costs in the amount of $19,380.69, for a total amount of $71,256.19. Id. at 2. In
accordance with General Order #9, petitioner’s counsel represents that petitioner did not incur
any in out-of-pocket expenses. ECF No. 87.
On May 4, 2017, respondent filed a response to petitioner’s Motion for Fees. Response,
ECF No. 81. Respondent provided no specific objection to the amount requested or hours
worked, but instead, “respectfully recommend[ed] that the Special Master exercise her discretion
and determine a reasonable award for attorneys’ fees and costs.” Id. at 3.
Petitioner’s counsel is located in and performed all work in this case from the greater
Chicago metropolitan area. The address of the law firm is in Woodridge, Illinois, which is in
DuPage County. Accordingly, the undersigned ordered petitioner to file evidence of the local
hourly rates for attorneys with similar experience and practice in Woodridge, Illinois.
Scheduling Order, ECF No. 83. Petitioner filed “Additional Documentation” on June 15, 2017,
in which he provided sufficient evidence that forum rates are appropriate for his counsel, Mr.
Shannon. ECF No. 86.
I. Applicable Legal Standards
The Vaccine Act permits an award of “reasonable attorneys’ fees” and “other costs.”
§ 15(e)(1). If a petitioner succeeds on the merits of his or her claim, the award of attorneys’ fees
is automatic. Id.; see Sebelius v. Cloer, 133 S. Ct. 1886, 1891 (2013). However, a petitioner
need not prevail on entitlement to receive a fee award as long as the petition was brought in
“good faith” and there was a “reasonable basis” for the claim to proceed. § 15(e)(1).
The Federal Circuit has endorsed the use of the lodestar approach to determine what
constitutes “reasonable attorneys’ fees” and “other costs” under the Vaccine Act. Avera v. Sec’y
of Health & Human Servs., 515 F.3d 1343, 1349 (Fed. Cir. 2008). Under this approach, “an
initial estimate of a reasonable attorneys’ fees” is calculated by “multiplying the number of hours
reasonably expended on the litigation times a reasonable hourly rate.” Id. at 1347-48 (quoting
Blum v. Stenson, 465 U.S. 886, 888 (1984)). A “reasonable hourly rate” is defined as the rate
“prevailing in the community for similar services by lawyers of reasonably comparable skill,
experience and reputation.” Id. at 1348 (quoting Blum, 465 U.S. at 896 n.11). That product is
then adjusted upward or downward based on other specific findings. Id.
Special masters have substantial discretion in awarding fees and may adjust a fee request
sua sponte, apart from objections raised by respondent and without providing petitioners with
notice and opportunity to respond. See Sabella v. Sec’y of Health & Human Servs., 86 Fed. Cl.
201, 209 (Fed. Cl. 2009). Special masters need not engage in a line-by-line analysis of
petitioner’s fee application when reducing fees. See Broekelschen v. Sec’y of Health & Human
Servs., 102 Fed. Cl. 719, 729 (Fed. Cl. 2011).
2
II. Discussion
A. Reasonable Hourly Rate
In general, the hourly rate is based on “the forum rate for the District of Columbia” rather
than “the rate in the geographic area of the practice of petitioner’s attorney.” Rodriguez v. Sec’y
of Health and Human Servs., 632 F.3d 1381, 1384 (Fed. Cir. 2011) (citing Avera, 515 F. 3d at
1349). There is a “limited exception” that provides for attorney’s fees to be awarded at local
hourly rates when “the bulk of the attorney’s work is done outside the forum jurisdiction” and
“there is a very significant difference” between the local hourly rate and forum hourly rate. Id.
This is known as the Davis County exception. See Hall v. Sec’y of Health & Human Servs., 640
F.3d 1351, 1353 (2011) (citing Davis Cty. Solid Waste Mgmt. & Energy Recovery Special Serv.
Dist. v. U.S. EPA, 169 F.3d 755, 758 (D.C. Cir. 1999)).
In this case, Mr. Shannon worked in Woodridge, Illinois, which is located approximately
30 miles outside of Chicago in DuPage County. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics,
DuPage County is considered part of the Chicago, Naperville-Arlington Heights, Illinois,
Metropolitan Division.3 Special masters have consistently awarded forum rates to legal
professionals practicing in the greater Chicago area. See, e.g., O’Connor v. Sec’y of Health &
Human Servs., No. 16-846V, 2017 WL 2303172 (Fed. Cl. Spec. Mstr. Apr. 27, 2017); Jackson v.
Sec’y of Health & Human Servs., No. 14-1217V, 2017 WL 2243092 (Fed. Cl. Spec. Mstr. Apr.
26, 2017). Therefore, forum rates apply in this case.
For cases in which forum rates apply, McCulloch provides the framework for
determining the appropriate hourly rate range for attorneys’ fees based upon the attorneys’
experience. See McCulloch v. Sec’y of Health & Human Servs., No. 09-293V, 2015 WL
5634323 (Fed. Cl. Spec. Mstr. Sept. 1, 2015). The Office of Special Masters has issued a fee
schedule that updates the McCulloch rates to account for inflation in subsequent years.4
Mr. Shannon has been a member of the Illinois Bar since 1991; thus, the applicable range
under McCulloch is $350-$415. Although Mr. Shannon requested $415 per hour, this is Mr.
Shannon’s first case in the Vaccine Program, and the lower end of the range is thus appropriate.
See Srour v. Sec’y of Health & Human Servs., No. 14-283V, 2017 WL 2537373, at *4 (Fed. Cl.
Spec. Mstr. May 17, 2017) (awarding hourly rate based in part on “specific experience with the
Vaccine Program”); Dipietro v. Sec’y of Health & Human Servs., No. 15-742V, 2016 WL
7384131, at *5 (Fed. Cl. Spec. Mstr. Oct. 6, 2016) (considering level of experience in the
Vaccine Program in determining appropriate hourly rate). Therefore, the undersigned will award
Mr. Shannon attorneys’ fees at a rate of $350 per hour.
3
May 2016 Metropolitan and Nonmetropolitan Area Definitions, Bureau of Labor Statistics
(Mar. 31, 2017), https://www.bls.gov/oes/current/msa_def.htm#16974.
4
This fee schedule is posted on the court’s website. See Office of Special Masters: Attorneys’
Forum Hourly Rate Fee Schedule: 2015-2016,
http://www.uscfc.uscourts.gov/sites/default/files/Attorneys-Forum-Rate-Fee-Schedule2015-2016.pdf.
3
Mr. Cummings has been a member of the Illinois Bar since 2014; thus, the applicable
range under McCulloch is $150-$225. However, Mr. Cummings is not admitted to practice in
the Court of Federal Claims.5 In order to be eligible to practice in the Vaccine Program, an
attorney must be admitted to practice in the Court of Federal Claims; an attorney who is not
eligible to practice in the Vaccine Program cannot recover attorneys’ fees. Underwood v. Sec’y
of Health & Human Servs., No. 00-357V, 2013 WL 3157525, at *4 (Fed. Cl. Spec. Mstr. May
31, 2013); see Vaccine Rule 14(a)(1). Accordingly, the work performed by Mr. Cummings will
not be compensated at the applicable rate for attorneys. Instead, the undersigned finds it
appropriate to use the range applicable to non-attorney-level work, $125-$175, for the hours in
which Mr. Cummings performed work in a supportive role. Cf. O’Neill v. Sec’y of Health &
Human Servs., No. 08-243V, 2015 WL 2399211, at *9 (Fed. Cl. Spec. Mstr. Apr. 28, 2015)
(explaining that attorney compensation for non-attorney-level work must be comparable to what
would be paid for a paralegal or secretary). Because this is Mr. Cummings’ first case in the
Vaccine Program, the lower end of the range is appropriate. Therefore, the undersigned will
award Mr. Cummings’ fees at a rate of $125 per hour.
B. Hours Reasonably Expended
Attorneys’ fees are awarded for the “number of hours reasonably expended on the
litigation.” Avera, 515 F.3d at 1348. Counsel should not include in their fee requests hours that
are “excessive, redundant, or otherwise unnecessary.” Saxton, 3 F.3d at 1521 (quoting Hensley
v. Eckerhart, 461 U.S. 424, 434 (1983)). “Unreasonably duplicative or excessive billing”
include “an attorney billing for a single task on multiple occasions, multiple attorneys billing for
a single task, attorneys billing excessively for intra office communications, attorneys billing
excessive hours, [and] attorneys entering erroneous billing entries.” Raymo v. Sec’y of Health &
Human Servs., 129 Fed. Cl. 691, 703 (2016). Clerical and secretarial tasks should not be billed
at all, regardless of who performs them. See, e.g., McCulloch, 2015 WL 5634323, at *26. Hours
spent traveling are ordinarily compensated at one-half of the normal hourly attorney rate. See
Scott v. Sec’y of Health & Human Servs., No. 08-756V, 2014 WL 2885684, at *3 (Fed. Cl. Spec.
Mstr. June 5, 2014) (collecting cases). And “it is inappropriate for counsel to bill time for
educating themselves about basic aspects of the Vaccine Program.” Matthews v. Sec’y of Health
& Human Servs., No 14-1111V, 2016 WL 2853910, at *2 (Fed. Cl. Spec. Mstr. Apr. 18, 2016).
Ultimately, it is “well within the Special Master’s discretion to reduce the hours to a number that,
in [her] experience and judgment, [is] reasonable for the work done.” Saxton, 3 F.3d at 1522. In
exercising that discretion, Special Masters may reduce the number of hours submitted by a
percentage of the amount charged. See Broekelschen, 102 Fed. Cl. at 728-29 (affirming the
Special Master’s reduction of attorney and paralegal hours); Guy v. Sec’y of Health & Human
Servs., 38 Fed. Cl. 403, 406 (1997) (same).
Upon review of petitioner’s application, the undersigned finds that a percentage reduction
is appropriate as a result of several tasks that were improperly billed.6 Both Mr. Shannon and
Mr. Cummings charged attorney rates for several administrative, paralegal, secretarial, and
5
The Clerk’s Office of the Court of Federal Claims confirmed that Mr. Cummings is not
admitted to the Court’s Bar.
6
The following entries are examples and are not exhaustive; they merely provide a sampling.
4
clerical tasks including setting up meetings and making travel arrangements.7 Additionally, they
billed time to learn about the Vaccine Program.8 As set forth above, Mr. Cummings’ time will
be compensated for only those tasks that were supportive, i.e., paralegal in nature. For these
reasons, the undersigned finds that the total award of attorneys’ fees, with the hourly rate
modification discussed above,9 should be reduced by 10%. Accordingly, $37,656.00 is awarded
in attorneys’ fees.
C. Reasonable Costs
Petitioner requested a total of $19,380.69 in attorneys’ costs. See Motion for Fees, ECF
No. 78, Ex. B. The requested costs consist of expert fees, mediation costs, and costs associated
with obtaining medical records. Id. The undersigned finds petitioner’s requested costs to be
reasonable.
III. Total Award Summary
Based on the foregoing, the undersigned awards the total of $57,036.69,10 representing
reimbursement for attorneys’ fees in the amount of $37,656.00 and costs in the amount of
$19,380.69, in the form of a check made payable jointly to petitioner and petitioner’s counsel,
Joseph Shannon, Esq. The Clerk of the Court is directed to enter judgment in accordance with
this Decision.11
7
See, e.g., Motion for Fees, ECF No. 78, Ex. B at 4 (“Arranging Skype meeting time”) id. (“Set
up Skype Account for Eval”); id. at 6 (“Reviewed calendar for available dates for conference”); id.
(“Adding Mediation meeting as event on calendar”); id. (“Call to Hyatt Regency to Book Conference
Room for mediation”); id. (“Signed documents confirming conference room booking”); id. at 7
(“Cancelling conference room”).
8
See, e.g., Motion for Fees, ECF No. 78, Ex. B (“Review of statutes and mechanics of Vaccine
Act”); id. at 2 (“[R]eview of statutory recovery under Vaccine Act; review of lien information”); id.
“[R]eview of procedures”); id. at 3 (“Discussion with Court of Federal Claims to get CM/ECF
credentials”); id. (“[T]elephone conference with DOJ regarding procedural matters; conference with
assistant regarding revising all medical record exhibits to conform to procedural rules”); id. (“Researching
requirements of ECF for excessive sized documents”); id. at 5 (“Changed Bates-Stamped #s for Each
Exhibit Broke Exhibits down to Make Small Enough to File Uploaded and Filed Exhibits 08-32”); id. at 6
(“Phone call with Althea re: Filing Remedy”); id. at 7 (“Reviewed Forum Hourly rates Updated all time
entries to reflect forum hourly rates reviewed Vaccine Court Rules re: Attorney’s Costs and Fees Petition
Drafted Attorney’s Fees petition”).
9
Mr. Shannon billed 101.4 hours and Mr. Cummings billed 50.8 hours. See Motion for Fees,
ECF No. 78, Ex. B. Applying the hourly rates determined above, $350 per hour for Mr. Shannon and
$125 per hour for Mr. Cummings, renders an initial total of $41,840.00.
10
This amount is intended to cover all legal expenses incurred in this matter. This award
encompasses all charges by the attorney against a client, “advanced costs” as well as fees for legal
services rendered. Furthermore, § 15(e)(3) prevents an attorney from charging or collecting fees
(including costs) that would be in addition to the amount awarded herein. See generally Beck v. Sec’y of
Health & Human Servs., 924 F.2d 1029 (Fed. Cir. 1991).
11
Pursuant to Vaccine Rule 11(a), entry of judgment can be expedited by each party filing a
5
IT IS SO ORDERED.
s/ Mindy Michaels Roth
Mindy Michaels Roth
Special Master
notice renouncing the right to seek review.
6