Michele Corchado v. Foulke Management Corp.

NOT PRECEDENTIAL

UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE THIRD CIRCUIT
_____________

No. 17-1433
_____________

MICHELLE RENN CORCHADO;
JONATHAN MUSSO

v.

FOULKE MANAGEMENT CORP., trading as CHERRY HILL MITSUBISHI &
MT. EPHRAIM CHRYSLER DODGE, CHARLES KEARNS; ROBERT BADOLATO;
STEVE DOE; SAID NAMES BEING FICTITIOUS; WELLS FARGO DEALER
SERVICES; STEVEN R. CORSEY

Foulke Management Corp.; Wells Fargo Dealer Services,
Appellants
______________

On Appeal from the United States District Court
for the District of New Jersey
(District Court No. 1:15-cv-06600)
District Judge: Hon. Jerome B. Simandle
______________

Submitted Pursuant to Third Circuit L.A.R. 34.1(a)
September 26, 2017
______________

Before: SMITH, Chief Judge, McKEE and RESTREPO, Circuit Judges.

(Opinion filed: December 21, 2017)
_______________________

OPINION
_______________________


This disposition is not an opinion of the full court and pursuant to I.O.P. 5.7 does not
constitute binding precedent.
McKEE, Circuit Judge.

Foulke Management Corporation and Wells Fargo Dealer Services appeal the

District Court’s order denying their motions to compel arbitration and directing limited

discovery. For the reasons that follow, we affirm the judgment of the District Court.

I.1

We first consider Appellants’ contention that the arbitration agreement should be

enforced because it is undisputed that Appellees’ signatures appear on a copy of the

agreement. The mere fact that Appellees signed copies of the arbitration agreement does

not definitively demonstrate that they intended to be bound by its terms, nor does it negate

their claims that they were fraudulently induced to sign it. Both Appellees specifically

allege that they were not aware of the terms of the arbitration agreement when they

signed, that they were prevented from reading it before signing, and that they were misled

about the nature and purpose of the document.

We have previously held that “if the plaintiff has responded to a motion to compel

arbitration with additional facts sufficient to place the agreement to arbitrate in issue, then

‘the parties should be entitled to discovery on the question of arbitrability before a court

entertains further briefing on [the] question.’”2 Here, after Appellant Foulke filed its

motion to compel arbitration, Appellees submitted declarations alleging “additional facts

1
The District Court had subject matter jurisdiction over the case pursuant to 28 U.S.C. §
1331. We have appellate jurisdiction to review the District Court’s denial of Appellants’
motions to compel arbitration under 9 U.S.C. § 16(a)(1)(B).
2
Guidotti v. Legal Helpers Debt Resolution, L.L.C., 716 F.3d 764, 776 (2013) (quoting
Somerset Consulting, LLC v. United Capital Lender, LLC, 832 F. Supp. 2d 474, 482
(E.D.Pa. 2011)) (alteration in original).
2
sufficient to place the agreement to arbitrate in issue.”3 Thus, the District Court correctly

found that limited discovery concerning Appellees’ intent vel non to be bound by the

terms of the arbitration agreement was warranted, as they had entered into the record

evidence demonstrating that they did not intend to be bound by the terms of the

agreement.

We next consider Appellants’ assertion that Appellees failed to specifically allege

that they were fraudulently induced to sign the arbitration agreements, as opposed to the

contract documents collectively, and that they should therefore be compelled to arbitrate

the threshold question of arbitrability.4 Appellees have, in fact, specifically alleged in their

declarations that they were fraudulently induced to sign the arbitration agreements.

In discussing the requirements of the Federal Arbitration Act, the Supreme Court

has held that “if the [plaintiff’s] claim is fraud in the inducement of the arbitration clause

itself–an issue which goes to the ‘making’ of the agreement to arbitrate–the federal court

may proceed to adjudicate it.”5 The Act was intended “to make arbitration agreements as

enforceable as other contracts, but not more so.”6 Thus, an arbitration agreement, like any

other alleged contract, “may be invalidated by ‘generally applicable contract defenses,

such as fraud, duress, or unconscionability.’”7 As the District Court correctly noted here,

Appellees have “asserted a defense of fraud in the inducement of the respective stand-

3
Id.
4
Appellants’ Br. at 18-19.
5
Prima Paint Corp. v. Flood & Conklin Mfg. Co., 388 U.S. 395, 403-04 (1967).
6
Id. at 404 n. 12.
7
Rent-A-Ctr., W., Inc. v. Jackson, 561 U.S. 63, 68 (2010) (quoting Doctor’s Associates,
Inc. v. Casarotto, 517 U.S. 681, 687 (1996)).
3
alone arbitration agreements in opposition to Defendants’ motions to compel arbitration,

supported by sworn statements.”8 Thus, their contentions, if true, would be grounds for

invalidating the arbitration agreement under New Jersey law.9

II.
For the foregoing reasons, we affirm the District Court’s order in its entirety.

8
App. at 35.
9
“An agreement to arbitrate, like any other contract, ‘must be the product of mutual
assent, as determined under customary principles of contract law.’” Atalese v. U.S. Legal
Servs. Grp., L.P., 99 A.3d 306, 312 (N.J. 2014) (quoting NAACP of Camden Cnty. E. v.
Foulke Mgmt., 24 A.3d 777, 790 (N.J. App. Div. 2011)).
4