[DO NOT PUBLISH]
IN THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE ELEVENTH CIRCUIT
FILED
________________________ U.S. COURT OF APPEALS
ELEVENTH CIRCUIT
September 29, 2005
No. 05-12719
THOMAS K. KAHN
Non-Argument Calendar CLERK
________________________
D. C. Docket No. 05-00124-CV-OC-10-GRJ
GARLAND WAYNE CARR, JR.,
Petitioner-Appellant,
versus
CARLYLE I. HOLDER, Warden, FCC Coleman - Medium,
Respondent-Appellee.
________________________
Appeal from the United States District Court
for the Middle District of Florida
_________________________
(September 29, 2005)
Before BLACK, CARNES and PRYOR, Circuit Judges.
PER CURIAM:
Garland Wayne Carr, Jr., a pro se federal prisoner, appeals the district
court’s dismissal of the petition for writ of habeas corpus he filed pursuant to
28 U.S.C. § 2241, and in which he claimed that the sentencing court lacked
jurisdiction to enhance his sentence based on a prior conviction. The district court
dismissed the petition because Carr should have filed it pursuant to 28 U.S.C. §
2255, which was not “inadequate or ineffective to test the legality of his
detention.” The reason Carr did not do that is he had previously filed a § 2255
motion and lost, and a second one would be barred by § 2255 ¶ 8.
The availability of habeas relief under § 2241 presents a question of law that
we review de novo. Cook v. Wiley, 208 F.3d 1314, 1317 (11th Cir. 2000).
Typically, collateral attacks on the validity of a federal conviction or sentence must
be brought under § 2255. Sawyer, 326 F.3d at 1365. However, a provision of §
2255 permits a federal prisoner, under very limited circumstances, to file a habeas
petition pursuant to § 2241. See 28 U.S.C. §§ 2241, 2255 ¶ 5. That provision,
known as the “savings clause,” provides that:
An application for writ of habeas corpus in behalf of a prisoner
who is authorized to apply for relief by motion pursuant to this
section, shall not be entertained if it appears that the applicant has
failed to apply for relief, by motion, to the court which sentenced him,
or that such court has denied him relief, unless it also appears that the
remedy by motion is inadequate or ineffective to test the legality of
his detention.
28 U.S.C. § 2255 ¶ 5. Accordingly, a court may entertain a § 2241 petition
attacking custody resulting from a federally imposed sentence only if the petitioner
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establishes that the remedy provided for under § 2255 is “inadequate or ineffective
to test the legality of his detention.” See 28 U.S.C. § 2255. The burden is on the
movant to establish the inadequacy or ineffectiveness of the § 2255 remedy.
McGhee v. Hanberry, 604 F.2d 9, 10 (5th Cir. 1979).
When a prisoner has previously filed a § 2255 motion to vacate, he must
apply for and receive permission from the Court of Appeals before filing a
successive § 2255 motion. 28 U.S.C. §§ 2244(b) & 2255 ¶ 8. Such restrictions on
successive § 2255 motions, standing alone, do not render that section “inadequate
or ineffective” within the meaning of the savings clause. Wofford v. Scott,
177 F.3d 1236, 1245 (11th Cir. 1999). Consequently, a petitioner who has filed a
previous § 2255 motion, and been denied, may not circumvent the AEDPA’s
successive-motion rule simply by filing a petition under § 2241. Id. Instead, the
savings clause only applies when: (1) the petitioner’s claim is based on a
retroactively applicable Supreme Court decision; (2) the holding of that Supreme
Court decision establishes that the petitioner was convicted of a “nonexistent
offense;” and (3) “circuit law squarely foreclosed such a claim at the time it
otherwise should have been raised at the petitioner’s trial, appeal, or first § 2255
motion.” Id. at 1244. In order for a prisoner to avail himself of the § 2241 remedy
under Wofford, all three criteria must be satisfied. They will all be met only in the
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narrowest of circumstances. Id. at 1244.
Carr is precluded from seeking relief under § 2241 because § 2255’s
“savings clause” does not apply. He has not met the requirements for proceeding
under that clause which we laid out in Wofford. Carr’s argument that those
requirements do not apply and he may proceed under § 2241 because his claim
goes to the sentencing court’s jurisdiction ignores the fact that jurisdictional claims
are cognizable in § 2255 proceedings. See 28 U.S.C. § 2255 ¶ 1 (“A prisoner in
custody under sentence of a court established by Act of Congress claiming the
right to be released upon the ground that ... the court was without jurisdiction to
impose such sentence ... may move the court which imposed the sentence to vacate,
set aside, or correct the sentence.”). More importantly, it also ignores the fact that
the Wofford case involved a jurisdictional claim, 177 F.3d at 1238, and, therefore,
that decision itself establishes there is no jurisdictional exception to its
requirements.
AFFIRMED.
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