17-103
Lin v. Sessions
BIA
Laforest, IJ
A200 294 186
UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE SECOND CIRCUIT
SUMMARY ORDER
RULINGS BY SUMMARY ORDER DO NOT HAVE PRECEDENTIAL EFFECT. CITATION TO A SUMMARY ORDER
FILED ON OR AFTER JANUARY 1, 2007, IS PERMITTED AND IS GOVERNED BY FEDERAL RULE OF
APPELLATE PROCEDURE 32.1 AND THIS COURT=S LOCAL RULE 32.1.1. WHEN CITING A SUMMARY ORDER
IN A DOCUMENT FILED WITH THIS COURT, A PARTY MUST CITE EITHER THE FEDERAL APPENDIX OR AN
ELECTRONIC DATABASE (WITH THE NOTATION “SUMMARY ORDER”). A PARTY CITING TO A SUMMARY
ORDER MUST SERVE A COPY OF IT ON ANY PARTY NOT REPRESENTED BY COUNSEL.
1 At a stated term of the United States Court of Appeals
2 for the Second Circuit, held at the Thurgood Marshall
3 United States Courthouse, 40 Foley Square, in the City of
4 New York, on the 10th day of January, two thousand eighteen.
5
6 PRESENT:
7 RICHARD C. WESLEY,
8 PETER W. HALL,
9 DENNY CHIN,
10 Circuit Judges.
11 _____________________________________
12
13 JIAN LIN,
14 Petitioner,
15
16 v. 17-103
17 NAC
18 JEFFERSON B. SESSIONS, III,
19 UNITED STATES ATTORNEY GENERAL,
20 Respondent.
21 _____________________________________
22
23 FOR PETITIONER: Cora J. Chang, New York, NY.
24
25 FOR RESPONDENT: Chad A. Readler, Acting Assistant
26 Attorney General; Anthony W.
27 Norwood, Senior Litigation
28 Counsel; Christina P. Greer, Trial
29 Attorney; Kiriaki Grammenidis, Law
30 Student Intern, Office of
31 Immigration Litigation, United
32 States Department of Justice,
33 Washington, DC.
1 UPON DUE CONSIDERATION of this petition for review of a
2 Board of Immigration Appeals (“BIA”) decision, it is hereby
3 ORDERED, ADJUDGED, AND DECREED that the petition for review
4 is DENIED.
5 Petitioner Jian Lin, a native and citizen of the
6 People’s Republic of China, seeks review of a December 20,
7 2016, decision of the BIA affirming a February 5, 2016,
8 decision of an Immigration Judge (“IJ”) denying Lin’s
9 application for asylum, withholding of removal, and relief
10 under the Convention Against Torture (“CAT”). In re Jian
11 Lin, No. A200 294 186 (B.I.A. Dec. 20, 2016), aff’g No.
12 A200 294 186 (Immig. Ct. N.Y. City Feb. 5, 2016). We
13 assume the parties’ familiarity with the underlying facts
14 and procedural history in this case.
15 Under the circumstances of this case, we review both
16 the IJ’s and the BIA’s opinions “for the sake of
17 completeness.” Wangchuck v. Dep’t of Homeland Sec., 448
18 F.3d 524, 528 (2d Cir. 2006). The applicable standards of
19 review are well established. 8 U.S.C. § 1252(b)(4)(B); Xiu
20 Xia Lin v. Mukasey, 534 F.3d 162, 165-66 (2d Cir. 2008).
21 “Considering the totality of the circumstances, and all
22 relevant factors, a trier of fact may base a credibility
2
1 determination on . . . the consistency between the
2 applicant’s or witness’s written and oral statements . . .
3 ., the internal consistency of each such statement, [and]
4 the consistency of such statements with other evidence of
5 record . . . without regard to whether an inconsistency,
6 inaccuracy, or falsehood goes to the heart of the
7 applicant’s claim.” 8 U.S.C. § 1158(b)(1)(B)(iii); see Xiu
8 Xia Lin, 534 F.3d at 163-64.
9 Substantial evidence supports the agency’s
10 determination that Lin was not credible as to his claim
11 that Chinese officials detained and harmed him on account
12 of his distribution of religious flyers or as to his
13 continuing practice of Christianity in the United States.
14 The agency reasonably relied on record inconsistencies
15 regarding whether Chinese police broke several of Lin’s
16 ribs and whether he was unable to attend church for his
17 first two years in the United States because he was living
18 in Virginia and there was no church there where Chinese was
19 spoken. See 8 U.S.C. § 1158(b)(1)(B)(iii); see also Xiu
20 Xia Lin, 534 F.3d at 166-67 & n.3. Lin did not provide
21 compelling explanations for these inconsistencies. See
22 Majidi v. Gonzales, 430 F.3d 77, 80 (2d Cir. 2005) (“A
3
1 petitioner must do more than offer a plausible explanation
2 for his inconsistent statements to secure relief; he must
3 demonstrate that a reasonable fact-finder would be
4 compelled to credit his testimony.” (internal quotation
5 marks omitted)).
6 The agency reasonably relied further on his failure to
7 rehabilitate Lin’s credibility with reliable corroborating
8 evidence. “An applicant’s failure to corroborate his or
9 her testimony may bear on credibility, because the absence
10 of corroboration in general makes an applicant unable to
11 rehabilitate testimony that has already been called into
12 question.” Biao Yang v. Gonzales, 496 F.3d 268, 273 (2d
13 Cir. 2007). As the agency noted, Lin failed to provide any
14 evidence to corroborate his claim that police broke his
15 ribs, or that he attends church weekly in the United
16 States. Furthermore, the agency did not err in declining
17 to credit Lin’s mother’s unsworn letter, in which she
18 claimed to have bailed him out of jail and witnessed his
19 injuries. See Y.C. v. Holder, 741 F.3d 324, 334 (2d Cir.
20 2013) (deferring to agency’s decision to afford little
21 weight to relative’s letter because it was unsworn and from
22 an interested witness).
4
1 Given the inconsistencies and the lack of
2 corroboration, the agency’s adverse credibility
3 determination is supported by substantial evidence.
4 8 U.S.C. § 1158(b)(1)(B)(iii); Xiu Xia Lin, 534 F.3d at
5 167. That determination is dispositive of asylum,
6 withholding of removal, and CAT relief because all three
7 claims are based on the same factual predicate. See Paul
8 v. Gonzales, 444 F.3d 148, 156-57 (2d Cir. 2006).
9 For the foregoing reasons, the petition for review is
10 DENIED.
11 FOR THE COURT:
12 Catherine O’Hagan Wolfe, Clerk
5