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NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37
COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA : IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
: PENNSYLVANIA
:
v. :
:
:
HEATH G. QUICK :
:
Appellant : No. 1308 MDA 2017
Appeal from the PCRA Order August 17, 2017
In the Court of Common Pleas of Centre County Criminal Division at No(s):
CP-14-CR-0002037-1999
BEFORE: GANTMAN, P.J., McLAUGHLIN, J., and PLATT*, J.
MEMORANDUM BY MCLAUGHLIN, J.: FILED APRIL 23, 2018
Heath G. Quick appeals from the order dismissing as untimely his third
petition filed pursuant to the Post Conviction Relief Act (“PCRA”), 42
Pa.C.S.A. §§ 9541-9546. We affirm.
On August 11, 2000, Quick pled guilty to first-degree murder, criminal
conspiracy, and robbery.1 He was 20 years old when he committed the
crimes. The trial court sentenced Quick to the mandatory term of life
imprisonment without the possibility of parole. Quick filed a timely notice of
appeal, but on May 3, 2001, he discontinued the appeal.
He then filed two PCRA petitions. First, on August 27, 2012, Quick filed
a PCRA petition seeking relief under Miller v. Alabama, 567 U.S. 460
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* Retired Senior Judge assigned to the Superior Court.
1 18 Pa.C.S.A. §§ 2502(a), 903(a), and 3701(a)(1)(i), respectively.
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(2012), which held that a sentence of life imprisonment without the
possibility of parole for defendants under the age of 18 at the time of the
crime was unconstitutional. The PCRA court denied the petition and this
Court affirmed.
Quick filed a second PCRA petition on March 24, 2016, seeking relief
under Montgomery v. Louisiana, 136 S.Ct. 718 (2016), which held that
Miller applies retroactively to cases on collateral review. The PCRA court
dismissed the petition and this Court affirmed.
Quick then filed the petition that is the subject of this appeal. On July
27, 2017, he filed a so-called “Petition for Writ of Habeas Corpus Relief
Pursuant to Arti[cle] I, Sections 14 & 28 of the Pennsylvania Constitution for
Post Conviction Relief Pursuant to the PCRA Act, 42 Pa.C.S.A. § 9541 Et.
Seq, and Consolidated Constitutional Memorandum [of] Law in Support.” In
this petition, Quick sought permission to file a successive PCRA petition. He
argued he would be entitled to relief because he was sentenced to a
mandatory sentence of life imprisonment, which, he maintained, was
unconstitutional under Alleyne v. United States, 570 U.S. 99 (2013), and
its progeny.
On August 1, 2017, the PCRA court denied the petition. Quick filed a
timely notice of appeal, and he raises the following issue:
Whether the PCRA court conducted a reasonable and
independent investigation before denying [Quick’s] PCRA
petition[] as untimely and without merit[]?
Quick’s Br. at 1 (unnecessary capitalization omitted).
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Our standard of review from the denial of a PCRA petition “is limited to
examining whether the PCRA court’s determination is supported by the
evidence of record and whether it is free of legal error.” Commonwealth v.
Ousley, 21 A.3d 1238, 1242 (Pa.Super. 2011).
We do not reach the merits of Quick’s arguments because his petition
was untimely. See Commonwealth v. Brown, 111 A.3d 171, 175
(Pa.Super. 2015). The petition should have been treated as a PCRA petition
because Quick’s claims are cognizable under the PCRA, if presented in a
timely petition. Commonwealth v. Taylor, 65 A.3d 462, 465-66 (Pa.Super.
2013) However, the lower court’s treatment of the petition as a petition for a
writ of habeas corpus was at most harmless error because, when construed
as a PCRA petition, the petition was untimely. See id. at 468. Admittedly,
the lower court did not provide Quick notice of its intent to dismiss the
petition without a hearing, pursuant to Pennsylvania Rule of Criminal
Procedure 907, but this error was also at most harmless error. It is clear
from the record that the petition is untimely, as explained below. See
Commonwealth v. Pursell, 749 A.2d 911, 917 n.7 (Pa. 2000) (noting
lower court error in dismissing petition without Rule 907 notice, but affirming
because appellant failed to plead and prove any exception to time-bar).
Quick’s petition was patently untimely under the PCRA. A PCRA
petition, “including a second or subsequent petition, shall be filed within one
year of the date the judgment becomes final.” 42 Pa.C.S.A. § 9545(b)(1). A
judgment is final “at the conclusion of direct review, including discretionary
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review in the Supreme Court of the United States and the Supreme Court of
Pennsylvania, or at the expiration of time for seeking the review.” 42
Pa.C.S.A. § 9545(b)(3).
Quick’s judgment of sentence became final on May 3, 2001, when he
filed a praecipe to discontinue his appeal. See Commonwealth v.
McKeever, 947 A.2d 782, 785 (Pa.Super. 2008) (finding judgment of
sentence final on date that appellant discontinued appeal). Therefore, his
current PCRA petition filed on July 27, 2017, is facially untimely.
The untimeliness of his PCRA petition deprives the courts of
jurisdiction unless Quick pleaded and proved at least one of the following
exceptions to the PCRA time-bar: (i) unconstitutional interference by
government officials with the presentation of the claim; (ii) newly discovered
facts that could not have been previously ascertained with due diligence; or
(iii) a newly recognized constitutional right that has been held to apply
retroactively. See 42 Pa.C.S.A. § 9545(b)(1)(i)-(iii). To invoke one of these
exceptions, he must have filed the petition “within 60 days of the date the
claim could have been presented.” 42 Pa.C.S.A. § 9545(b)(2).
Quick maintains that two exceptions to the time-bar apply: the
governmental interference exception, and the newly recognized, retroactive
constitutional right exception. He relies on the decisions in Alleyne;
Commonwealth v. Hopkins, 117 A.3d 247 (Pa. 2015); and
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Commonwealth v. Wolfe, 140 A.3d 651 (Pa. 2016); to argue that his
mandatory life sentence for first degree murder2 was unconstitutional.
Neither the government-interference exception nor the new
constitutional right exception applies here. Quick waived his argument that
the government-interference exception excuses his late PCRA petition
because he failed to raise the exception in his PCRA petition. See
Commonwealth v. Williams, 899 A.2d 1060, 1066 n.5 (Pa. 2006).
Further, even if he had preserved the claim, it lacks merit. To establish the
governmental interference exception, a petitioner must prove that his
“failure to raise the claim previously was the result of interference by
government officials with the presentation of the claim in violation of the
Constitution or laws of this Commonwealth or the Constitution or laws of the
United States.” 42 Pa.C.S.A. § 9545(b)(1)(i). Here, Quick fails to identify
any “interference by government officials” or explain how any such
“interference” prevented him from filing a timely PCRA petition.
Quick also fails to establish that the new constitutional right exception
applies. The exception requires the petitioner plead and prove, among other
things, that “the right asserted . . . has been held by [the Supreme Court of
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2 Section 1102 of the Crimes Code requires a sentence of life imprisonment
or death upon a conviction of first-degree murder. 18 Pa.C.S.A. § 1102.
Section 9711 of the Sentencing Code provides the procedure used to
determine whether the defendant will be sentenced to life imprisonment or
death. 42 Pa.C.S.A. § 9711. Because Quick pled guilty, the Commonwealth
withdrew its intention to seek the death penalty. N.T., 8/11/2000, at 3.
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the United States or the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania] to apply
retroactively.” Quick’s argument fails because Alleyne does not apply
retroactively. Commonwealth v. Washington, 142 A.3d 810, 820 (Pa.
2016).3
Accordingly, we conclude that the trial court did not err in denying
Quick’s PCRA petition.
Order affirmed.
Judgment Entered.
Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq.
Prothonotary
Date:04/23/18
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3 Furthermore, because Quick’s mandatory sentence of life imprisonment
was based on his conviction, and not on any “aggravating fact,” the
sentence was not unconstitutional under Alleyne. See Commonwealth v.
Resto, --- A.3d ----, 2018 WL 988872, at *2 (Pa. filed Feb. 21, 2018)
(upholding judgment of sentence where mandatory minimum was based on
conviction); see also 18 Pa.C.S. § 1102(a) (“[A] person who has been
convicted of a murder of the first degree . . . shall be sentenced to death or
to a term of life imprisonment in accordance with 42 Pa.C.S. § 9711”).
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