Case: 16-16947 Date Filed: 07/17/2018 Page: 1 of 5
[DO NOT PUBLISH]
IN THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS
FOR THE ELEVENTH CIRCUIT
________________________
No. 16-16947
Non-Argument Calendar
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D.C. Docket No. 1:16-cv-20004-DLG
HILDA CARDELLE,
Plaintiff-Appellant,
versus
MIAMI-DADE COUNTY,
A Municipal Entity,
MIAMI-DADE POLICE DEPARTMENT,
J.D. Patterson in his official capacity
as Director,
Defendants-Appellees.
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Appeal from the United States District Court
for the Southern District of Florida
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(July 17, 2018)
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Before TJOFLAT, HULL, and JULIE CARNES, Circuit Judges.
PER CURIAM:
Hilda Cardelle appeals the dismissal with prejudice of her complaint
alleging violations of the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment
pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 1983, and intentional infliction of emotional distress. The
District Court found that it lacked subject-matter jurisdiction over Cardelle’s
claims because her suit was barred by the Rooker-Feldman doctrine. See D.C.
Court of Appeals v. Feldman, 460 U.S. 462, 103 S. Ct. 1303 (1983); Rooker v.
Fidelity Trust Co., 263 U.S. 413, 44 S. Ct. 149 (1923). On appeal, she argues that
the Rooker-Feldman doctrine does not apply in her case because she raises claims
on appeal that she could not during her state-court proceedings. Further, she
contends that her due process claims are not inextricably intertwined with the state
court’s judgment because she is not seeking to undo the state-court judgment. She
also contends that the state court’s judgment was tainted by extrinsic fraud.
Finally, she argues that the District Court should have allowed her to amend her
complaint because it would not have been futile.
I.
Application of Rooker-Feldman is a threshold jurisdictional matter. Brown
v. R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Co., 611 F.3d 1324, 1330 (11th Cir. 2010). We review
the district court’s application of the Rooker-Feldman doctrine de novo. Lozman v.
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City of Riviera Beach, Fla., 713 F.3d 1066, 1069 (11th Cir. 2013). However, we
review a district court’s findings of jurisdictional fact for clear error. Carmichael
v. Kellogg, Brown & Root Servs, Inc., 572 F.3d 1271, 1279–80 (11th Cir. 2009).
The party invoking subject-matter jurisdiction bears the burden of proving its
existence. See Sweet Pea Marine, Ltd. v. APJ Marine, Inc., 411 F.3d 1242, 1247
(11th Cir. 2005).
Alone among the federal courts, only the Supreme Court may exercise
appellate authority to reverse or modify a state-court judgment. Exxon Mobil
Corp. v. Saudi Basic Indus. Corp., 544 U.S. 280, 284–85, 125 S. Ct. 1517, 1522
(2005). Accordingly, the Rooker-Feldman doctrine holds that federal district
courts and courts of appeals lack jurisdiction to review the final judgment of a state
court. Lozman, 713 F.3d at 1072.
The Rooker-Feldman doctrine applies “both to federal claims raised in the
state court and to those ‘inextricably intertwined’ with the state court’s judgment.”
Casale v. Tillman, 558 F.3d 1258, 1260 (11th Cir. 2009). The doctrine does not
apply if a party did not have a “reasonable opportunity to raise his federal claim in
state proceedings.” Id. A claim brought in federal court is inextricably intertwined
with a state-court judgment if it would “effectively nullify” the state-court
judgment or if it “succeeds only to the extent that the state court wrongly decided
the issues.” Id.
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Here, the Rooker-Feldman doctrine deprives us of subject-matter jurisdiction
over Cardelle’s claims. We can only grant the relief she is requesting by
determining that the state court wrongly decided the issue of whether she had a
proprietary interest in the seized funds. Accordingly, her claims are inextricably
intertwined with the state court’s judgment. Moreover, she could have raised her
due process claims before the state court. We have long recognized that state
courts are competent to decide questions of federal constitutional law. See, e.g.,
Feldman, 460 U.S. at 483 n.16, 103 S. Ct. at 1316 n.16. Consequently, the District
Court did not err in dismissing her complaint on Rooker-Feldman grounds.
II.
Generally, we review the denial of a motion to amend a complaint for an
abuse of discretion. Cockrell v. Sparks, 510 F.3d 1307, 1310 (11th Cir. 2007).
However, questions of law, such as whether an amendment would be futile, are
reviewed de novo. Id.
Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 15(a) states that “[a] party may amend the
party’s pleading once as a matter of course within 21 days after serving it,” or after
the earlier service of any responsive pleading or service of a Fed. R. Civ. P. 12(b)
motion, but in all other cases a party may amend its pleading only by leave of the
court or by written consent of the adverse party. Fed. R. Civ. P. 15(a)(1), (a)(2).
The district court “should freely give leave when justice so requires.” Id.
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However, where a more carefully drafted complaint could not state a claim and
amendment would be futile, dismissal with prejudice is proper. See Cockrell, 510
F.3d at 1310.
Here, the District Court did not err in dismissing Cardelle’s complaint with
prejudice because no amendment would have helped her overcome its
jurisdictional deficiencies. Accordingly, we affirm.
AFFIRMED.
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Hilda Cardelle v. Miami-Dade County
Combined Opinion