IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF IOWA
No. 17-1992
Filed January 9, 2019
JAYSEN McCLEARY,
Plaintiff-Appellant,
vs.
CITY OF DES MOINES and JERRY SCHILLINGER,
Defendants-Appellees.
________________________________________________________________
Appeal from the Iowa District Court for Polk County, Jeffrey D. Farrell,
Judge.
Jaysen McCleary appeals the dismissal of his application for contempt.
AFFIRMED.
Jaysen McCleary, Des Moines, pro se appellant.
Martha L. Shaff, Amanda M. Richards, and Brandon W. Lobberecht of Betty
Neuman & McMahon P.L.C., Davenport, for appellees.
Considered by Potterfield, P.J., Doyle, J., and Scott, S.J.*
*Senior judge assigned by order pursuant to Iowa Code section 602.9206 (2019).
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DOYLE, Judge.
In February 2017, a protective order was entered in Jaysen McCleary’s
personal-injury case against the City of Des Moines and one of its employees. The
order prohibited the parties from disclosing protected information, including all
financial and health records. In July 2017, McCleary filed expert witness
documentation that contained sensitive personal information. Because McCleary
inadvertently failed to designate the documents as “Confidential,” the district court
did not seal them. McClearly settled his case with the city, and it was dismissed
with prejudice on November 13, 2017. After Clark Kauffman, a writer for the Des
Moines Register (“the Register”), emailed McCleary to inform him the documents
were accessible to the public, McCleary filed a motion on November 16th to seal
the documents, which the district court granted the same day. The court ordered
the defendants “and any third parties now in possession” of the documents to
destroy them. The order further states that the documents “may not be disclosed
by the defendants or any third party.” McCleary emailed the order to Kauffman
and served Kauffman and the Register with a copy. In a separate action, McCleary
sought injunctive relief to prevent Kauffman and the Register from publishing a
story that included information from the protected documents.
On December 8, 2017, McCleary filed an application in this case for rule to
show cause asserting Kauffman and the Register were in contempt for violating
the protective order. He contended that representatives of Kauffman and the
Register indicated that Kauffman and the Register were still in possession of the
protected materials and that they intended to disclose the contents of the reports
in an article to be published in the Register. He asked the district court to hold
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Kauffman and the Register in contempt for failing to destroy the documents. The
district court denied the application, holding “neither Mr. Kauffman nor the Register
are parties to this case, and thus, neither are subject to the protective order.”
McCleary appeals, arguing the district court erred in determining that nonparties
to his personal-injury case cannot be held in contempt for violating the court order.1
For the reasons set forth, we affirm.
An aggrieved party may directly appeal the dismissal of an application for
contempt. See Lysenko v. Jensen, No. 10-0270, 2010 WL 4108826, at *4 (Iowa
Ct. App. Oct. 20, 2010). “Our review of such cases is not de novo, but on assigned
errors only.” Id. (citing City of Masonville v. Schmitt, 477 N.W.2d 874, 876 (Iowa
Ct. App. 1991)).
McCleary’s argument centers on whether Kauffman and the Register can
be found in contempt of the protective order as nonparties. In Hutchenson v. Iowa
District Court for Lee County, our supreme court held nonparties can be held in
contempt “if certain requirements are met.” 480 N.W.2d 260, 264 (Iowa 1992)
(quoting Annotation, Violation of State Court Order by one Other Than Party as
Contempt, 7 A.L.R.4th 893, § 2 (1981 & Supp.). These requirements are that the
nonparty (1) has notice or knowledge of the court’s order and (2) is in privity with
a party to the litigation or acts in concert with one. See id.; see 17 Am. Jur. 2d
Contempt § 63.
Although Kauffman and the Register had notice of the court’s order, there
is no evidence in our record to support a finding that either were in privity or acted
1
Defendants did not file an appellate brief.
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in concert with a party to McCleary’s personal-injury case. McCleary alleges
Kauffman and the City “worked together to disparage McCleary to the greatest
extent possible to avoid a significant judgment against the City” in the personal
injury case. However, his application and affidavit to the district court fail to point
to any evidence of the City and the nonparties acting in concert. Accordingly, the
court correctly rejected McCleary’s application.
AFFIRMED.