[Cite as State v. Whitman, 2019-Ohio-377.]
COURT OF APPEALS
STARK COUNTY, OHIO
FIFTH APPELLATE DISTRICT
STATE OF OHIO : JUDGES:
: Hon. Patricia A. Delaney, P.J.
Plaintiff-Appellee : Hon. W. Scott Gwin, J.
: Hon. Earle E. Wise, Jr., J.
-vs- :
:
RICHARD S. WHITMAN : Case No. 2018CA00134
:
Defendant-Appellant : OPINION
CHARACTER OF PROCEEDING: Appeal from the Court of Common
Pleas, Case. No. 2018CR0134
JUDGMENT: Affirmed
DATE OF JUDGMENT: February 4, 2019
APPEARANCES:
For Plaintiff-Appellee For Defendant-Appellant
JOHN D. FERRERO RICHARD S. WHITMAN, PRO SE
Prosecuting Attorney Inmate No 694-724
By: KRISTINE W. BEARD Belmont Correctional Institution
110 Central Plaza South, Suite 510 P.O. Box 540
Canton, OH 44702 St. Clairsville, OH 43950
Stark County, Case No. 2018CA00134 2
Wise, Earle, J.
{¶ 1} Defendant-Appellant, Richard S. Whitman, appeals the August 21, 2018
judgment entry of the Court of Common Pleas of Stark County, Ohio, denying his petition
for postconviction relief. Plaintiff-Appellee is the state of Ohio.
FACTS AND PROCEDURAL HISTORY
{¶ 2} On April 27, 2017, appellant was found guilty of one count of murder with a
firearm specification in violation of R.C. 2903.02 and 2941.145 and one count of having
weapons under disability in violation of R.C. 2923.13. By judgment entry filed May 5,
2017, the trial court sentenced appellant to an aggregate term of twenty-one years to life
in prison. His conviction was affirmed on appeal with a limited remand for resentencing.
State v. Whitman, 5th Dist. Stark No. 2017CA00079, 2017-Ohio-2924.1
{¶ 3} On July 24, 2018, appellant filed a petition for postconviction relief, claiming
ineffective assistance of counsel. By judgment entry filed August 21, 2018, the trial court
denied the petition, finding appellant was "just requesting a second bite of the apple," and
it did not find any trial counsel deficiency.
{¶ 4} Appellant filed an appeal and this matter is now before this court for
consideration. Assignments of error are as follows:
I
{¶ 5} "A TRIAL COURT ABUSES ITS DISCRETION WHEN IT FAILS TO
PROPERLY CONSIDER A PETITION FOR POST CONVICTION RELIEF."
1The opinion contains a very lengthy and thorough account of the facts. We hereby
incorporate the facts by reference.
Stark County, Case No. 2018CA00134 3
II
{¶ 6} "DEFENDANT'S SIXTH AMENDMENT RIGHTS WERE VIOLATED DUE
TO INEFFECTIVE ASSISTANCE OF COUNSEL."
III
{¶ 7} "DEFENDANT'S SIXTH AMENDMENT RIGHTS WERE VIOLATED DUE
TO INNEFFECTIVE ASSISTANCE OF COUNSEL."
IV
{¶ 8} "DEFENDANT'S SIXTH AMENDMENT RIGHTS WERE VIOLATED DUE
TO INNEFFECTIVE ASSISTANCE OF COUNSEL."
I
{¶ 9} In his first assignment of error, appellant claims the trial court abused its
discretion in failing to properly consider his petition for postconviction relief. We disagree.
{¶ 10} It appears appellant is arguing the trial court should have afforded him an
evidentiary hearing. R.C. 2953.21 governs petition for postconviction relief. Subsection
(D) states the following in pertinent part:
Before granting a hearing on a petition filed under division (A) of this
section, the court shall determine whether there are substantive grounds for
relief. In making such a determination, the court shall consider, in addition
to the petition, the supporting affidavits, and the documentary evidence, all
the files and records pertaining to the proceedings against the petitioner,
including, but not limited to, the indictment, the court's journal entries, the
Stark County, Case No. 2018CA00134 4
journalized records of the clerk of the court, and the court reporter's
transcript.
{¶ 11} In State v. Jackson, 64 Ohio St.2d 107, 111, 413 N.E.2d 819 (1980), the
Supreme Court of Ohio held the following:
Before a hearing is granted, the petitioner bears the initial burden in
a post-conviction proceeding to submit evidentiary documents containing
sufficient operative facts to demonstrate the lack of competent counsel and
also that the defense was prejudiced by counsel's ineffectiveness.
Broad assertions without a further demonstration of prejudice do not
warrant a hearing for all post-conviction petitions. General conclusory
allegations to the effect that a defendant has been denied effective
assistance of counsel are inadequate as a matter of law to impose an
evidentiary hearing. See Rivera v. United States (C.A. 9, 1963), 318 F.2d
606.
{¶ 12} In its judgment entry filed August 21, 2018, the trial court denied appellant's
petition without hearing, stating the following:
In this case, the Defendant's self-serving statements do not establish
that counsel was ineffective and do not support granting a petition for post
conviction relief.* * *From a review of the case, the Defendant is just
Stark County, Case No. 2018CA00134 5
requesting a second bite at the apple. The Court did not find the
Defendant's attorney's representation as deficient. It's always possible to
second guess counsel, but often it is due to trial strategy.
{¶ 13} Based upon our review of appellant's arguments, affidavit, and documents
in support of his petition for postconviction relief as discussed in the following
assignments of error, we find the trial court did not abuse its discretion in failing to hold
an evidentiary hearing.
{¶ 14} Assignment of Error I is denied.
II, III, IV
{¶ 15} In his second, third, and fourth assignments of error, appellant claims his
rights were violated due to ineffective assistance of trial counsel. We disagree.
{¶ 16} The standard this issue must be measured against is set out in State v.
Bradley, 42 Ohio St.3d 136, 538 N.E.2d 373 (1989), paragraphs two and three of the
syllabus. Appellant must establish the following:
2. Counsel's performance will not be deemed ineffective unless and
until counsel's performance is proved to have fallen below an objective
standard of reasonable representation and, in addition, prejudice arises
from counsel's performance. (State v. Lytle [1976], 48 Ohio St.2d 391, 2
O.O.3d 495, 358 N.E.2d 623; Strickland v. Washington [1984], 466 U.S.
668, 104 S.Ct. 2052, 80 L.Ed.2d 674, followed.)
Stark County, Case No. 2018CA00134 6
3. To show that a defendant has been prejudiced by counsel's
deficient performance, the defendant must prove that there exists a
reasonable probability that, were it not for counsel's errors, the result of the
trial would have been different.
{¶ 17} Appellant argues his trial counsel was deficient in failing to investigate and
present evidence of police misconduct (moving the body), failing to investigate, prepare,
and present evidence regarding potential testimony from the victim's son that would have
supported his claim of self-defense, and failing to bring forth exculpatory evidence (phone
records and text messages).
EVIDENCE OF POLICE MISCONDUCT
{¶ 18} Appellant argues photographs admitted into evidence prove that the police
moved the victim's body. This action "altered the crime scene" which prohibited appellant
from presenting a complete defense at trial.
{¶ 19} In his appellate brief, appellant argues the victim was shot three times, in
the head, chest, and arm. While appellant agrees with the state as to "how the bullet
angle was," he disagrees with the order of the three shots and challenged how many feet
away the victim was from appellant when he was actually shot. Appellant argues his trial
counsel failed to investigate these issues and should have hired an expert to challenge
the state's theories. Appellant does not elaborate as to how the lack of a defense expert
prejudiced his trial or how a defense expert would have changed the result of the trial.
{¶ 20} In his affidavit attached to his petition, appellant averred his trial counsel did
not pursue the issue of the moved body at trial. The officers on the scene were wearing
Stark County, Case No. 2018CA00134 7
body cams. The body cam videos were played for the jury. According to appellant's
affidavit, the videos showed the officers moving the body. The jury was able to see for
themselves that the officers had moved the body and during deliberations, could have
considered whether the moving of the body had any bearing on the case. Furthermore,
appellant testified in his own defense and did not raise the issue of the body's placement.
TESTIMONY OF VICTIM'S SON
{¶ 21} Appellant argues his trial counsel should have presented evidence of
statements made by the victim's son Nicholas because the statements would have
supported his claim of self-defense.
{¶ 22} In his appellate brief, appellant cites the report of Patrolman Scott Jones
who interviewed Nicholas following his father's death. This report was also attached to
appellant's petition for postconviction relief. In the report, Patrolman Jones indicated
Nicholas stated his father and appellant had bad blood between them and "[i]t appeared
that [Nicholas] was not surprised by the fact the suspect had killed his father." Appellant
argues this information, if presented to the jury, would have supported his claim of self-
defense. The information would have shown that the victim behaved aggressively toward
appellant. Appellant does not elaborate as to how the lack of Nicholas's testimony
prejudiced his trial or how the testimony would have changed the result of the trial.
{¶ 23} In his affidavit, appellant averred his trial counsel did not pursue the
statements made by Nicholas. Appellant stated Nicholas would have been able to
"provide insight into why his father had such a hostile attitude toward me from our first
meeting as well as what he knew about his father's demeanor and what his father had
told him about why he was going to confront me." It is very possible that Nicholas's
Stark County, Case No. 2018CA00134 8
statements could have been more inculpatory than exculpatory. This court must accord
deference to defense counsel's strategic choices made during trial and "requires us to
eliminate the distorting effect of hindsight." State v. Post, 32 Ohio St.3d 380, 388, 513
N.E.2d 754 (1987). Furthermore, appellant testified and raised the issue of the "bad
blood" between him and the victim. He was able to advance his self-defense claim by
testifying that the victim was the aggressor and he was fearful of the victim.
EXCULPATORY EVIDENCE
{¶ 24} Appellant argues his trial counsel failed to present evidence of the phone
calls and/or text messages between his sister and the victim.
{¶ 25} Appellant argues the evidence would have shown that his sister "agitated"
the entire situation and incited violence. Again, appellant argues his trial counsel should
have hired an expert to examine the phones of his sister and the victim. Appellant does
not elaborate as to how the lack of a defense expert and the phone evidence prejudiced
his trial or how they would have changed the result of the trial.
{¶ 26} In his affidavit, appellant averred his sister's agitation of the victim was the
proximate cause of the victim coming over and attacking him violently and the phone
records would have proven that. However, appellant did not indicate the relevance of this
argument. Appellant's sister testified for the defense. She explained how she contacted
the victim several times during the day and asked him to come over to help her with
appellant because appellant was drunk and causing problems and she was concerned
that he was going to commit suicide. On direct she testified how after the victim arrived,
he pinned her brother against the bedroom wall and was screaming at him and head-
butting him. At one point the victim was on top of appellant and had his hand around
Stark County, Case No. 2018CA00134 9
appellant's throat. The two then separated for several minutes with appellant upstairs
and the victim downstairs. When the victim went back upstairs, she did not hear any
arguing or words before appellant shot the victim. This testimony helped to advance
appellant's claim of self-defense and appellant's fear of the victim.
{¶ 27} We note each of appellant's arguments on ineffective assistance of counsel
could have been raised on direct appeal and are therefore barred under the doctrine of
res judicata. "Under the doctrine of res judicata, a final judgment of conviction bars the
convicted defendant from raising and litigating in any proceeding, except an appeal from
that judgment, any defense or any claimed lack of due process that was raised or could
have been raised by the defendant at the trial which resulted in that judgment of conviction
or on an appeal from that judgment." State v. Perry, 10 Ohio St.2d 175, 226 N.E.2d 104
(1967), paragraph nine of the syllabus. See Grava v. Parkman Twp., 73 Ohio St.3d 379,
653 N.E.2d 226 (1995).
{¶ 28} Appellant failed in his burden "to submit evidentiary documents containing
sufficient operative facts to demonstrate the lack of competent counsel and also that the
defense was prejudiced by counsel's ineffectiveness" to warrant an evidentiary hearing.
Appellant did not present substantive grounds for relief.
{¶ 29} Upon review, we find the trial court did not err or abuse its discretion in not
holding an evidentiary hearing and in denying appellant's petition for postconviction relief.
{¶ 30} Assignments of Error II, III, and IV are denied.
{¶ 31} The judgment of the Court of Common Pleas of Stark County, Ohio is
hereby affirmed.
By Wise, Earle, J.
Stark County, Case No. 2018CA00134 10
Delaney, P.J. and
Gwin, J. concur.
EEW/db 116