MEMORANDUM DECISION
Pursuant to Ind. Appellate Rule 65(D), FILED
this Memorandum Decision shall not be Apr 01 2019, 7:00 am
regarded as precedent or cited before any
CLERK
court except for the purpose of establishing Indiana Supreme Court
Court of Appeals
the defense of res judicata, collateral and Tax Court
estoppel, or the law of the case.
ATTORNEY FOR APPELLANT ATTORNEYS FOR APPELLEE
Kimberly A. Jackson Curtis T. Hill, Jr.
Indianapolis, Indiana Attorney General of Indiana
Evan Matthew Comer
Deputy Attorney General
Indianapolis, Indiana
IN THE
COURT OF APPEALS OF INDIANA
Gary T. Hunter, Jr., April 1, 2019
Appellant-Defendant, Court of Appeals Case No.
18A-CR-2142
v. Appeal from the Fayette Circuit
Court
State of Indiana, The Honorable Hubert Branstetter,
Appellee-Plaintiff. Jr., Judge
Trial Court Cause No.
21C01-1703-F2-245
Najam, Judge.
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Statement of the Case
[1] Gary T. Hunter, Jr. appeals his sentence following his guilty plea to possession
of methamphetamine, as a Level 3 felony. Hunter raises two issues for our
review, which we restate as follows:
1. Whether the trial court abused its discretion when it
sentenced him.
2. Whether his sentence is inappropriate in light of the nature
of the offense and his character.
[2] We affirm.
Facts and Procedural History
[3] On March 20, 2017, parole officers with the Connersville Police Department
(“CPD”) conducted a routine visit of Hunter’s home. When the parole officers
arrived, there were two individuals in Hunter’s living room. Hunter was in his
bedroom, but the parole officers asked him to join the other two individuals in
the living room. The officers were able to observe a small baggie on the floor by
the couch and a loaded syringe on the coffee table, both of which tested positive
for methamphetamine. The officers then placed all three individuals in
handcuffs.
[4] At that point, the officers called CPD Detective Craig Hamilton and informed
him of their observations. Based on his conversation with the parole officers,
Detective Hamilton decided to go to Hunter’s house. When Detective
Hamilton arrived, he and the other officers conducted a search of the residence.
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During that search, Detective Hamilton observed a set of digital scales in
Hunter’s bedroom.
[5] Hunter, who was only wearing underwear, asked officers if they could retrieve a
pair of pants for him. Detective Hamilton found a pair of jeans in Hunter’s
bedroom. Detective Hamilton asked Hunter if the jeans belonged to him, and
Hunter confirmed that they did. Detective Hamilton then searched the pockets
of the jeans and found a baggie that contained approximately thirty-five grams
of methamphetamine and a hypodermic needle.
[6] The State charged Hunter with dealing in methamphetamine, as a Level 2
felony; maintaining a common nuisance, as a Level 6 felony; possession of a
hypodermic needle, a Level 6 felony; possession of paraphernalia, as a Class C
misdemeanor; and as a habitual offender. On May 11, 2018, Hunter entered
into a plea agreement with the State. In that plea agreement, Hunter agreed to
plead guilty to one count of possession of methamphetamine, as a Level 3
felony. He also agreed to admit to probation violations in two other cause
numbers. In exchange, the State agreed to dismiss the remaining counts.
Following a hearing, the trial court accepted Hunter’s guilty plea and entered
judgment of conviction accordingly.
[7] Thereafter, the trial court held a sentencing hearing. During the hearing,
Hunter testified that he has had a problem with substance abuse for “all of [his]
life.” Tr. Vol. II at 32. He further testified that, prior to the current offense, he
had worked as a confidential informant and that the methamphetamine that
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officers found at his house had been left there by a “drug dealer that [he]
busted.” Id. at 35. Hunter testified that he found the methamphetamine
underneath his dresser and that he should have turned it in to officers but that
he decided to keep it for himself.
[8] At the conclusion of the sentencing hearing, Hunter requested the advisory
sentence of nine years, with seven years in community corrections and two
years on probation. In support of that request, Hunter asserted that the offense
was unlikely to recur and that he has suffered from a substance-abuse problem
for the majority of his life. The State requested an aggravated sentence based
on its assertions that Hunter did not take responsibility for his actions and that
Hunter has an extensive criminal history. Following those arguments, the trial
court sentenced Hunter as follows: “The advisory sentence in this matter
would be nine years. The Court will find that [sic] prior records aggravating
and will find the aggravators outweigh the mitigators in this matter and will
sentence Mr. Hunter to ten years to the Department of Corrections.” Id. at 49.
Thereafter, the trial court issued a written sentencing order in which it
sentenced Hunter to ten years without explanation. This appeal ensued.
Discussion and Decision
Issue One: Abuse of Discretion
[9] Hunter first contends that the trial court abused its discretion when it sentenced
him. Sentencing decisions lie within the sound discretion of the trial court.
Cardwell v. State, 895 N.E.2d 1219, 1222 (Ind. 2008). An abuse of discretion
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occurs if the decision is “clearly against the logic and effect of the facts and
circumstances before the court, or the reasonable, probable, and actual
deductions to be drawn therefrom.” Gross v. State, 22 N.E.3d 863, 869 (Ind. Ct.
App. 2014) (citation omitted), trans. denied.
[10] A trial court abuses its discretion in sentencing if it does any of the following:
(1) fails “to enter a sentencing statement at all;” (2) enters “a
sentencing statement that explains reasons for imposing a
sentence—including a finding of aggravating and mitigating
factors if any—but the record does not support the reasons;” (3)
enters a sentencing statement that “omits reasons that are clearly
supported by the record and advanced for consideration;” or (4)
considers reasons that “are improper as a matter of law.”
Id. (quoting Anglemyer v. State, 868 N.E.2d 482, 490-491 (Ind.), clarified on reh’g
other grounds, 875 N.E.2d 218 (Ind. 2007)). On appeal, Hunter contends that
the trial court abused its discretion when it sentenced him because it entered a
“defective sentencing statement.” Appellant’s Br. at 9. Specifically, Hunter
asserts that the trial court abused its discretion because the court’s written
sentencing order “offered no basis for its imposition of a ten-year sentence.” Id.
[11] Hunter is correct that, in its written sentencing order, the trial court did not
provide any explanation or reasoning as to why it sentenced him to ten years.
But, “[w]hen examining the sufficiency of the sentencing statement, we
examine both the trial court’s written and oral statements.” Gleason v. State, 965
N.E.2d 702, 710 (Ind. Ct. App. 2012). Here, during the sentencing hearing, the
trial court identified Hunter’s prior record as an aggravating factor, and it did
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not identify any mitigating factors. And, based on those findings, the trial court
sentenced Hunter to ten years. Accordingly, in examining both the oral and
written statements, we conclude that the trial court’s statement was sufficiently
detailed to support the imposition of the sentence. See id.at 711.
[12] Still, Hunter asserts that the trial court’s oral sentencing statements were
defective because the court “did not define ‘prior records’” when it identified
that as an aggravating factor, which phrase Hunter contends is ambiguous. Id.
But contrary to Hunter’s assertions, we do not find the trial court’s use of the
phrase “prior records” in its oral sentencing statement to be ambiguous. During
the sentencing hearing, both Hunter and the State discussed Hunter’s criminal
history. Further, during its closing arguments, the State specifically asserted
that Hunter was on probation and parole at the time of the instant offense and
that he had ten prior felony convictions. Then, immediately after the State had
concluded its closing arguments, the trial court pronounced Hunter’s sentence.
And the trial court sentenced Hunter to ten years based on its finding that the
“prior records” were an aggravating factor. Accordingly, it is clear in context
that the trial court’s use of the phrase “prior records” referred to Hunter’s prior
criminal record.
[13] Hunter also contends that the trial court’s oral sentencing statement was
confusing because it found that the aggravators outweighed the mitigators even
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though it did not identify any mitigating circumstances. 1 However, a “trial
court need not state in the record those mitigating circumstances that it
considered insignificant.” Sandleben v. State, 22 N.E.3d 782, 796 (Ind. Ct. App.
2014). Accordingly, we conclude that the trial court’s statement that the
aggravators outweighed the mitigators is either a reference to insignificant
mitigators, which the court was not required to identify, or, in effect, an
assertion that the mitigators, if any, are outweighed by the aggravators. In
either event, we are confident that the trial court acted within its discretion in
findings that the aggravators outweighed any insignificant mitigators.
[14] It is well settled that, when sentencing a defendant for a felony, the trial court
must enter a sentencing statement that includes “reasonably detailed reasons or
circumstances for imposing a particular sentence.” Anglemyer, 868 N.E.2d at
490. Here, while arguably brief, the trial court’s oral sentencing statement
clearly identified the reasons for its decision to impose a slightly aggravated
sentence. We therefore cannot say that the trial court abused its discretion
when it sentenced Hunter.
1
Hunter does not make any direct argument on appeal that the trial court abused its discretion when it failed
to identify any particular mitigating factors. While Hunter states that he “was entitled to some benefit for
pleading guilty” in his argument that his sentence is inappropriate, he does not argue that the trial court
abused its discretion when it did not identify his guilty plea as a significant mitigating factor. Appellant’s Br.
at 14.
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Issue Two: Inappropriateness of Sentence
[15] Hunter next contends that his ten-year sentence is inappropriate in light of the
nature of the offense and his character. Indiana Appellate Rule 7(B) provides
that “[t]he Court may revise a sentence authorized by statute if, after due
consideration of the trial court’s decision, the Court finds that the sentence is
inappropriate in light of the nature of the offense and the character of the
offender.” This court has recently held that “[t]he advisory sentence is the
starting point the legislature has selected as an appropriate sentence for the
crime committed.” Sanders v. State, 71 N.E.3d 839, 844 (Ind. Ct. App. 2017).
And the Indiana Supreme Court has recently explained that:
The principal role of appellate review should be to attempt to
leaven the outliers . . . but not achieve a perceived “correct”
result in each case. Cardwell v. State, 895 N.E.2d 1219, 1225 (Ind.
2008). Defendant has the burden to persuade us that the
sentence imposed by the trial court is inappropriate. [Anglemyer,
868 N.E.2d at 494].
Shoun v. State, 67 N.E.3d 635, 642 (Ind. 2017) (omission in original).
[16] Indiana’s flexible sentencing scheme allows trial courts to tailor an appropriate
sentence to the circumstances presented, and the trial court’s judgment “should
receive considerable deference.” Cardwell, 895 N.E.2d at 1222. Whether we
regard a sentence as inappropriate at the end of the day turns on “our sense of
the culpability of the defendant, the severity of the crime, the damage done to
others, and myriad other facts that come to light in a given case.” Id. at 1224.
The question is not whether another sentence is more appropriate, but rather
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whether the sentence imposed is inappropriate. King v. State, 894 N.E.2d 265,
268 (Ind. Ct. App. 2008). Deference to the trial court “prevail[s] unless
overcome by compelling evidence portraying in a positive light the nature of the
offense (such as accompanied by restraint, regard, and lack of brutality) and the
defendant’s character (such as substantial virtuous traits or persistent examples
of good character).” Stephenson v. State, 29 N.E.3d 111, 122 (Ind. 2015).
[17] The sentencing range for a Level 3 felony is three years to sixteen years, with an
advisory sentence of nine years. See Ind. Code § 35-50-2-5(b) (2018). In
imposing Hunter’s sentence, the trial court did not identify any mitigating
factors, but the court identified Hunter’s criminal history as an aggravating
factor. In light of those findings, the trial court sentenced Hunter to a slightly
aggravated sentence of ten years in the Department of Correction.
[18] Hunter contends that his sentence is inappropriate in light of the nature of the
offense because he only possessed the methamphetamine as a result of his work
as a confidential informant and because “[t]he record contains no evidence
indicating Hunter actually consumed any of the drugs.” Appellant’s Br. at 11.
And with respect to his character, Hunter asserts that, even though he has a
criminal history, many of his prior offenses were Class D felonies or were
misdemeanors and that he had previously functioned well in community
corrections. He further contends that his intentions were good when he
volunteered to be a confidential informant and that he accepted responsibility
for his actions when he pleaded guilty.
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[19] We cannot say that Hunter’s ten-year sentence is inappropriate in light of the
nature of the offense and his character. Regarding the nature of the offense,
Hunter admitted to possessing thirty-five grams of methamphetamine, which is
more than three times the amount that he needed to possess in order to be
convicted of the Level 3 felony. See I.C. § 35-48-4-1(d) (the offense is a Level 3
felony if “the amount of the drug involved is at least five (5) grams but less than
ten (10) grams”). Further, while he asserts that he only possessed the
methamphetamine because of his work as a confidential informant, Hunter
admitted that he did not intend to turn it in to police but, rather, that he had
decided to keep it for himself. As for Hunter’s character, the record
demonstrates that he has an extensive criminal history. Prior to the instant
offense, Hunter had been convicted of ten felonies and sixteen misdemeanors.
Further, he had violated the terms of his probation on several occasions.
Indeed, Hunter was on probation and parole in two other cause numbers when
he committed the instant offense. Additionally, Hunter admitted to a long
history of substance-abuse problems for which he has never sought treatment.
As such, we cannot say that Hunter’s slightly aggravated sentence is
inappropriate in light of the nature of the offense and his character. We
therefore affirm Hunter’s sentence.
[20] Affirmed.
Baker, J., and Robb, J., concur.
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