J-A21004-18
NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37
CITIMORTGAGE, INC. : IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
: PENNSYLVANIA
:
v. :
:
:
JOHN H. NORMAN, SR. :
:
: No. 2214 EDA 2017
APPEAL OF: GWENDOLYN NORMAN :
HARMON :
Appeal from the Orders Entered May 22, 2017 and June 1, 2017
In the Court of Common Pleas of Philadelphia County
Civil Division at No(s): August Term, 2009 No. 00813
BEFORE: PANELLA, J., OLSON, J., and McLAUGHLIN, J.
MEMORANDUM BY PANELLA, J. FILED APRIL 11, 2019
Gwendolyn Norman Harmon appeals from the May 22, 2017 and June
1, 2017 orders that, in part, denied her motion to intervene in a mortgage
foreclosure action between CitiMortgage, Inc. and John H. Norman, Sr. After
careful review, we quash Harmon’s appeal.
The relevant facts and procedural history of this case are as follows. On
August 10, 2009, CitiMortgage, Inc. (“CitiMortgage”) filed an action in
mortgage foreclosure against Norman. Through its complaint, CitiMortgage
alleged Norman took out a mortgage on a property located at 6727 Egret Place
in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (the “Property”) on August 21, 2007. Norman
made nine monthly payments on the mortgage, and then failed to make any
further payments. On November 14, 2016, following a bench trial, the trial
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court entered judgment in favor of CitiMortgage. A panel of this Court affirmed
the trial court’s decision and our Supreme Court denied allocatur.
The Property was sold at a sheriff’s sale on March 7, 2017.
Subsequently, Harmon, Norman’s adult daughter, filed a petition to intervene
in the underlying mortgage foreclosure action, a motion to set aside the
sheriff’s sale of the Property, and a motion to join indispensable parties to her
motion to set aside. On May 22, 2017, following a hearing on the petition to
intervene, the trial court denied Harmon’s petition and motion to set aside.
Additionally, on June 1, 2017, the trial court denied, as moot, Harmon’s
motion to join indispensable parties to her motion to set aside. This appeal
follows.1
Preliminarily, we must determine whether we have jurisdiction to
entertain Harmon’s appeal. “In order for this Court to have jurisdiction, an
appeal must be from an appealable order.” Commonwealth v. Mitchell, 72
A.3d 715, 717 (Pa. Super. 2013) (citation omitted). “The Pennsylvania Rules
of Appellate Procedure (Pa.R.A.P.) delineate appealable orders as final orders
(Pa. R.A.P. 341); interlocutory orders as of right (Pa.R.A.P. 311); interlocutory
orders by permission (Pa.R.A.P. 312); and collateral orders (Pa.R.A.P. 313).”
Id. (citation omitted).
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1 Both CitiMortgage and the trial court contend that this appeal should be
quashed as untimely. See Appellee’s Brief, at 19-21; Trial Court Opinion,
4/12/16, at 3. We did not reach this argument as we quashed Harmon’s appeal
on an alternative basis.
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Here, Harmon purports to appeal from two separate orders, denying
three motions. However, Harmon did not have standing to file any motions in
this matter unless the court granted the petition to intervene. See Pa.R.C.P.
2330 (providing that after the entry of the order allowing intervention, the
intervenor shall be treated as a party to the action); see also Newberg v.
Board of Public Education, 478 A.2d 1352, 1354 (Pa. Super. 1984)
(“Accordingly, an appeal by one who was not a party to a proceeding in the
trial court must be quashed”).Therefore, our ability to review the denial of the
motion to set aside and the June 1, 2017 order denying the motion to join
indispensable parties to the motion to set aside is contingent upon our ability
to review the May 22, 2017 order denying the petition to intervene.
Generally, an appellate court only has jurisdiction to review final
orders. See Pa.R.A.P. 341 (providing that “an appeal may be
taken as of right from any final order”). As the official note to
Pa.R.A.P. 341 explains, “an order denying a party the right to
intervene” is no longer considered an appealable final order but,
in appropriate cases, may “fall under Pa.R.A.P. 312 (Interlocutory
Appeals by Permission) or Pa.RA.P. 313 (Collateral Orders).” Id.,
note (emphasis added).
Mortgage Electronic Registration Systems, Inc. v. Malehorn, 16 A.3d
1138, 1141 (Pa. Super. 2011).
Harmon did not seek the trial court’s permission to appeal pursuant to
Pa.R.A.P. 312. Therefore, unless the May 22, 2017 denying his petition can be
classified as a collateral order pursuant to Pa.R.A.P. 313, we are without
jurisdiction to entertain the instant appeal.
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The Pennsylvania Rules of Appellate Procedure set forth three conditions
that must be present for an order to be defined as collateral. Specifically, the
order must be (1) “separable from and collateral to the main cause of action
[2] where the right involved is too important to be denied review [3] and the
question presented is such that if review is postponed until final judgment in
the case, the claim will be irreparably lost.” Pa.R.A.P. 313(b). In order “[t]o
benefit from the collateral order doctrine, an order must satisfy all three
elements.” Radakovich v. Radakovich, 846 A.2d 709, 714 (Pa. Super.
2004) (citation omitted).
Here, Harmon has failed to establish the third element. Final judgment
was entered in underlying mortgage foreclosure action four months before
Harmon filed her petition to intervene. Harmon does not stand to lose anything
if judgment is entered because judgment has already been entered.2 The May
22, 2017 order cannot be classified as a collateral order. As such, the order in
question is interlocutory, and we cannot address this claim, or Harmon’s
additional claims, of trial court error. See Malehorn, 16 A.3d at 1141.
Appeal quashed.
Judge Olson and Judge McLaughlin concur in the result.
____________________________________________
2 Indeed, this fact is fatal to Harmon’s attempt to intervene. See Financial
Freedom, SFC v. Cooper, 21 A.3d 1229 (Pa. Super. 2011) (holding that the
Rules of Civil Procedure do not permit intervention after a matter has been
finally resolved).
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Judgment Entered.
Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq.
Prothonotary
Date: 4/11/19
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