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NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37
COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA : IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
: PENNSYLVANIA
:
v. :
:
:
KRISTOFER TRENT PARZYCK :
:
Appellant : No. 1844 MDA 2018
Appeal from the PCRA Order Entered October 24, 2018
In the Court of Common Pleas of Berks County Criminal Division at
No(s): CP-06-CR-0000422-2016
BEFORE: STABILE, J., MURRAY, J., and MUSMANNO, J.
MEMORANDUM BY MURRAY, J.: FILED: MAY 21, 2019
Kristofer Trent Parzyck (Appellant) appeals from the order denying his
second petition, filed pursuant to the Post Conviction Relief Act (PCRA), 42
Pa.C.S.A. §§ 9541-9546, as untimely. Upon review, we affirm.
On January 26, 2016, Appellant was charged with two counts of rape of
a child, three counts of aggravated indecent assault of a complainant less than
13 years old, corruption of minors, and three counts of indecent assault of a
complainant less than 13 years old. The charges arose from incidents alleged
to have occurred between January 1, 2011, and December 31, 2011. On
August 24, 2016, Appellant pled guilty to one count of aggravated indecent
assault of a complainant less than 13 years old. The same day, the trial court
sentenced Appellant to 11½ to 23 months of incarceration followed by 8 years
of probation. Pursuant to the Pennsylvania Sex Offender Registration and
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Notification Act, (SORNA),1 Appellant was classified as a Tier III sex offender
and ordered to register with the Pennsylvania State Police for the remainder
of his life. See 42 Pa.C.S.A. §§ 9799.14(d)(7), 9799.15,(a)(3).
Appellant did not file a direct appeal. Thus, Appellant’s judgment of
sentence became final 30 days later on September 23, 2016, when the 30-
day period for filing an appeal with this Court expired. See Pa.R.A.P. 903(a).
On September 21, 2017, Appellant filed, through counsel, a “Motion to
Bar the Applicability of Sex Offender Registration and/or Petition for Writ of
Habeas Corpus” (habeas petition or first PCRA petition). Appellant argued
that his registration and reporting requirements were illegal under
Commonwealth v. Muniz, 164 A.3d 1189 (Pa. 2017), because he committed
the aforementioned offenses prior to SORNA’s effective date. In Muniz, our
Supreme Court held that retroactive application of the registration and
reporting requirements of the Pennsylvania SORNA violated the ex post facto
clauses of the United States and Pennsylvania Constitutions. Id. at 1223. On
October 24, 2017, the trial court held a hearing on Appellant’s Muniz claim.
On November 20, 2017, the trial court denied the petition.
On November 28, 2017, Appellant filed, again through counsel, a
petition for reconsideration. Appellant argued, inter alia, that the trial court
should have treated his habeas petition as his first PCRA petition. On
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1 42 Pa.C.S.A. §§ 9799.10-9799.42.
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December 19, 2017, the PCRA court granted Appellant’s request for
reconsideration of his habeas petition, agreeing that it should have treated
the habeas petition as his first PCRA petition. On February 16, 2018, following
a hearing and full consideration of Appellant’s Muniz claim, the PCRA court
issued notice of its intent to dismiss Appellant’s first PCRA petition pursuant
to Rule 907 of the Pennsylvania Rules of Criminal Procedure. On March 22,
2018, the PCRA court formally dismissed the petition.
On April 9, 2018, Appellant filed a notice of appeal from the order
dismissing his first PCRA petition. On April 20, 2018, Appellant filed another
PCRA petition (second PCRA petition), once again asserting that his SORNA
registration and reporting requirements were illegal under Muniz. On May
29, 2018, the PCRA court issued notice of its intent to dismiss Appellant’s
second PCRA petition based on our Supreme Court’s decision in
Commonwealth v. Lark, 746 A.2d 585 (Pa. 2000). In Lark, the Supreme
Court held that a PCRA petitioner cannot file a new PCRA petition while a prior
petition is still under review on appeal. Id. at 588. On June 21, 2018,
Appellant discontinued the appeal of his first PCRA petition. Consequently,
the PCRA court declined to dismiss Appellant’s second PCRA petition and
ordered the Commonwealth to file an answer. On July 31, 2018, the
Commonwealth filed its answer.
On September 26, 2018, the PCRA court issued notice of its intent to
dismiss Appellant’s second PCRA petition as untimely. On October 15, 2018,
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Appellant filed a response. By order dated October 24, 2018, the PCRA court
formally dismissed Appellant’s second PCRA petition. This timely appeal
followed.2
On appeal, Appellant presents the following issue for review:
Whether the [PCRA] court erred and abused its discretion in
dismissing Appellant’s petition under the Post-Conviction Relief
Act (PCRA) by 1) failing to consider Appellant’s September 21,
2017 Motion to Bar Applicability of Sex Offender Registration
and/or Petition for Writ of Habeas Corpus as a PCRA petition; and
2) by dismissing Appellant’s April 20, 2018 petition for Post-
Conviction Relief/Petition of Reconsideration based on its belief
that it did not have jurisdiction, where both filings were timely and
raised the same issue, whether sex offender registration can be
retroactively applied to Appellant.
Appellant’s Brief at 4.
The sole issue Appellant presents on appeal directly challenges the PCRA
court’s decision to dismiss his petition as untimely. “Pennsylvania law makes
clear no court has jurisdiction to hear an untimely PCRA petition.”
Commonwealth v. Monaco, 996 A.2d 1076, 1079 (Pa. Super. 2010)
(quoting Commonwealth v. Robinson, 837 A.2d 1157, 1161 (Pa. 2003)).
A petitioner must file a PCRA petition within one year of the date on which the
petitioner’s judgment became final, unless one of the three statutory
exceptions apply:
(i) the failure to raise the claim previously was the result of
interference by government officials with the presentation of the
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2 Both the PCRA court and Appellant have complied with Rule 1925 of the
Pennsylvania Rules of Appellate Procedure.
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claim in violation of the Constitution or laws of this Commonwealth
or the Constitution or laws of the United States;
(ii) the facts upon which the claim is predicated were unknown to
the petitioner and could not have been ascertained by the exercise
of due diligence; or
(iii) the right asserted is a constitutional right that was recognized
by the Supreme Court of the United States or the Supreme Court
of Pennsylvania after the time period provided in this section and
has been held by that court to apply retroactively.
42 Pa.C.S.A. § 9545(b)(1). If a petition is untimely, and the petitioner has
not pled and proven any exception, “‘neither this Court nor the trial court has
jurisdiction over the petition. Without jurisdiction, we simply do not have the
legal authority to address the substantive claims.’” Commonwealth v.
Derrickson, 923 A.2d 466, 468 (Pa. Super. 2007) (quoting Commonwealth
v. Chester, 895 A.2d 520, 522 (Pa. 2006)).
Until recently, a petition invoking an exception had to be filed within 60
days of the date the claim could have been presented. However, effective
December 2017, Act 146 of 2018 amended 42 Pa.C.S.A. § 9545(b)(2), and
now provides that a PCRA petition invoking a timeliness exception must be
filed within one year of the date the claim could have been presented. See
Act 2018, Oct. 24, P.L. 894, No. 146, § 2 and § 3. Although we note the
change in the law from 60 days to one year, it does not impact our disposition
of this appeal.
In this case, there is no dispute that Appellant did not file his second
PCRA petition within one year of the date his judgment of sentence became
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final. As stated above, Appellant’s judgment of sentence became final on
September 23, 2016, and he filed his second PCRA petition on April 20, 2018.
Instead, Appellant argues that we should not consider his second PCRA
petition to be untimely for two reasons: (1) because the trial court improperly
failed to treat his habeas petition as timely-filed first PCRA petition, and (2)
because the PCRA petition at issue raises the same claims relating to Muniz
that Appellant asserted in his habeas petition. We disagree.
With respect to Appellant’s first point, as set forth above, after initially
denying Appellant’s habeas petition, the PCRA court granted his motion for
reconsideration, agreeing with Appellant’s assertion that it should have
treated his habeas petition as a PCRA petition. It was only after a hearing and
full consideration of Appellant’s Muniz claim that the PCRA court dismissed,
for a second time, Appellant’s habeas petition. See N.T., 1/3/18, at 2-7.
Thus, contrary to Appellant’s assertion, the PCRA court did construe
Appellant’s habeas petition as a timely-filed first PCRA petition.
Regarding his second point, our Supreme Court has consistently
rejected “various theories devised to avoid the effects of the [PCRA’s] one-
year time limitation[.]” Commonwealth v. Robinson, 837 A.2d 1157, 1157
(Pa. 2003) (citing Commonwealth v. Baroni, 827 A.2d 419 (Pa. 2003)).
Specifically, in Robinson, the extension theory was explicitly rejected after
our Supreme Court concluded that “neither the language of the statute nor
[the Supreme Court’s] decisional law authorize[] suspension of the time-bar
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in instances where the petitioner is . . . reiterating claims which were litigated
on a previous petition.” Id. at 1161. The Court further explained:
[T]he . . . ‘extension’ theory ignores bedrock principles of finality.
Once a PCRA petition has been decided and the ruling on it has
become final, there is nothing for a subsequent petition or
pleading to ‘extend.’ Far from continuing into perpetuity, the trial
court's jurisdiction over a matter generally ends once an appeal is
taken from a final order or, if no appeal is taken, thirty days elapse
after the final order.
Id. at 1162 (internal citation omitted).
Instantly, Appellant’s argument is nothing more than an attempt to
utilize the “extension” theory to circumvent the PCRA’s one year time
limitation. As Robinson explains, such argument has no merit.
Finally, Appellant does not argue or discuss in his brief how his second
PCRA petition satisfies any of the timeliness exceptions of Section 9545(b)(1).
Therefore, because Appellant’s second PCRA petition is untimely and he has
not pled or proven an exception to the PCRA’s one year time limitation, we
are without jurisdiction to address the merits of Appellant’s claim. See
Derrickson, 923 A.2d at 468.
Order affirmed.
Judgment Entered.
Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq.
Prothonotary
Date: 5/21/2019
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