J-A03022-19
NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37
IN RE: ESTATE OF CARY H. : IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
SIMPSON, DECEASED : PENNSYLVANIA
:
:
APPEAL OF: JOHN FREDERICK :
SIMPSON :
:
:
: No. 122 WDA 2018
Appeal from the Order Entered December 19, 2017
In the Court of Common Pleas of Blair County Orphans’ Court at No(s):
No. 2017 OC 11
BEFORE: BOWES, J., SHOGAN, J., and STRASSBURGER*, J.
MEMORANDUM BY SHOGAN, J.: FILED MAY 31, 2019
Appellant, John Frederick Simpson, appeals from the order entered
December 19, 2017, denying his petition to set aside and vacate the court
order of June 1, 2017. After careful review, we affirm.
Cary H. Simpson (“Decedent”) died on December 27, 2016. Orphans’
Court Opinion, 12/19/17, at 3. Decedent had a will, dated April 16, 2014,
which named two heirs: 1) son, Appellant; and 2) daughter, Barbara Simpson
Becker (“Barbara”). Id.; Will of Cary Simpson, 4/16/14, at 1-3. In his will,
Decedent made the following specific bequests of real property. To Appellant,
Decedent bequeathed two properties: 1) 10527 Schoolhouse Hollow Road,
Huntingdon, PA (“Henderson Township Property”), a family cabin wherein
Appellant lived at the time of the proceedings while separated from his wife;
and 2) 201 Shelton Avenue, Alexandria, PA, a home Decedent had purchased
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* Retired Senior Judge assigned to the Superior Court.
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for Appellant and his family, and for which Appellant had procured a
promissory note with Decedent as a co-signor, thereby obligating the estate
with this debt. Orphans’ Court Opinion, 12/19/17, at 3-4. Barbara was
bequeathed two properties as well: 1) 601 5th Street, Tyrone, PA; and 2)
5620 Rear East Pleasant Valley Boulevard, Tyrone, PA. Id. at 3. The residuary
estate was to be distributed equally to Appellant and Barbara. Id.
The will was admitted to probate by the Register of Wills of Blair County,
and Letters Testamentary were issued on January 5, 2017, to John J. Hoyne,
Executor (“Executor”), of Decedent’s estate (“Estate”). Letters Testamentary,
1/5/17, at 1. On January 10, 2017, Executor filed a petition to permit
Executor to continue to operate and expend funds for the WTRN AM and FM
Radio Station of the Allegheny Mountain Network, an asset of the Estate, for
a period of one year. The parties subsequently agreed to that request and
the orphans’ court entered an order on May 3, 2017, reflecting same.
Eventually, the Estate sought to sell the radio station and related property,
noted infra.
On February 13, 2017, Executor filed a petition for order of court for
judicial sale of real estate and for order of court for personal representative to
take possession of real estate occupied by devisee (Appellant) to protect rights
of creditors/claimants. Appellant filed an answer on April 24, 2017. A hearing
was conducted on May 3, 2017, and scheduled for completion on June 1, 2017.
Order, 5/9/17, at 1. At the June 1, 2017 hearing, the parties indicated they
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had arrived at an agreement and presented a prepared order memorializing
the terms. The orphans’ court entered that order on the same date. In that
order, the orphans’ court granted the Estate’s request to sell the following
properties: the Henderson Township Property, with right of first refusal given
to Appellant; 5620 Rear East Pleasant Valley Boulevard, Tyrone, PA 16686;
and 601 Fifth Street, Tyrone, PA 16686. The real property at 201 Shelton
Avenue, which was specifically bequeathed to Appellant, was not included in
the sale.
On July 6, 2017, the Estate filed a petition for preliminary injunction
against Appellant to cease and desist attempts to interfere with the contracted
sales of Radio Station WTRN and the radio station’s real estate. Appellant
filed an answer to the preliminary injunction on July 18, 2017. The court
conducted a hearing on July 20, 2017, and granted the injunctive relief.
On July 24, 2017, Appellant filed a petition to set aside and vacate the
court order of June 1, 2017. In that petition, Appellant asserted that
subsequent to the June 1, 2017 order, Appellant learned that a purchase and
sale agreement for WTRN radio station and the WTRN property had been
entered,1 and that the Estate had received an offer for the purchase of
Decedent’s residence. The Estate filed an answer and new matter on
August 2, 2017, admitting that the radio station and real estate were under
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1 The radio station was sold on August 31, 2017.
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contract, that there was an offer for the Decedent’s residence, and that a sales
agreement had been entered into with a third party for the Henderson
Township Property. The court held hearings on September 11, 2017, and
October 30, 2017. On December 19, 2017, the orphans’ court entered an
order denying Appellant’s petition to set aside and vacate the June 1, 2017
order.
In the December 19, 2017 opinion and order, the orphans’ court made
the following findings of fact, in relevant part:
1. [Decedent] died December 27, 2016 testate with a will
dated April 16, 2014 which named 2 heirs, son [Appellant] and
daughter, [Barbara].
2. [Decedent] made specific bequests:
To: [Appellant]
a. [Henderson Township Property]
b. 201 Shelton Avenue, Alexandria, PA
To: [Barbara]
a. 601 5th Street, Tyrone, PA
b. 5620 Rear East Pleasant Valley Boulevard, Tyrone,
PA.
3. Residuary Estate consists of:
a. WTRN Radio Station - sold $ 90,000.00
b. Forever of PA, Inc. consulting
Agreement: $350,000.00
$12,500/m x 28 installments (current)
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c. Magnum Sales agreement $294,588.59
$4,250/month (very sporadic payments)
d. Laurel Media Inc. Sales
agreement $120,000.00
$30,000/annually for 4 years (current)
e. Bank accounts and personal
property $78,594.50
TOTAL $638,594.50
4. Debts of the Estate
a. First National Bank article
Of agreement (201 Shelton Ave.) $188,906.00
b. Reliance Bank - HELOC $114,855.00
c. Credit Cards $75,269.92
d. Personal representative (estimate) $55,000.00
e. Attorney fees (estimate)4 $98,000.00
TOTAL $343,124.92
4 This estimate includes attorney fees for both the
[E]state and the expert/specialized fees of
Attorney Paxon for the sale of the WTRN radio station.
5. [Henderson Township Property] is a family Cabin held for
many generations and is where [Appellant] lives while currently
separated from his wife.
6. 201 Shelton Avenue, Alexandria, PA is a home [Decedent]
bought for [Appellant] (and family) and [Appellant] procured a
promissory note with that property for approximately
$188,000.00 with [Decedent] as co-signor, thereby eventually
obligating the [E]state on this debt.
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7. [Barbara] disclaimed her interest in any specifically
devised property5 (given to her by [Decedent’s] will) on April 11,
2017 and said disclaimer was recorded of public record in the Blair
County Records of Deeds Office on April 11, 2017, which preceded
the June 1, 2017 agreed upon court order.
5 The disclaimer included the specifically bequeathed
properties of 601 5th Street and 5620 Pleasant Valley
Boulevard rear, both of Tyrone only.
8. The [E]state operated the WTRN radio station before its
sale, at a loss, which required [E]state expenditures of the limited
available cash.
9. The disclaimer of [Barbara] created a critical cash infusion
to the [E]state for expenditures.
10. Ninety-four percent (94%) of the [E]state debt has not
been paid for over 1 year, due to insufficient liquid funds.
Orphans’ Court Order, 12/19/17, at 3-5.
On December 29, 2017, Appellant filed a motion for reconsideration,
which was not ruled on by the orphans’ court. Appellant filed a notice of
appeal on January 18, 2018.2 The orphans’ court did not order the fling of a
Pa.R.A.P. 1925(b) statement. The orphans’ court filed a letter on March 2,
2018, indicating that it was relying on its opinion and order of December 19,
2017.
Appellant presents the following issues for our review:
I. Did the [orphans’] court err and/or abuse its discretion in
failing to effectuate the decedent’s intent as clearly set forth in his
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2 On January 23, 2018, the orphans’ court entered an order indicating that
the order signed January 8, 2018, granting Appellant’s motion for
reconsideration, was vacated as “improvidently entered.” Order, 1/23/18, at
1. There is no docket entry, however, reflecting a January 8, 2018 order.
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Last Will and Testament when there was no justification or
necessity for doing so?
II. Did the [orphans’] court err and/or abuse its discretion in
ordering the sale of real estate specifically devised to the Appellant
in the decedent’s Last Will and Testament when there were
sufficient residuary assets in the Estate to satisfy all of the debts,
obligations and expenses of the Estate within a reasonable period
of time?
III. Did the [orphans’] court err and/or abuse its discretion in
failing to vacate the prior consent order that was entered into on
a mutually mistaken belief that the sale of the property specifically
devised to the Appellant was necessary for the proper
administration of the decedent’s Estate?
IV. Did the [orphans’] court err and/or abuse its discretion in
failing to vacate the prior consent order when the facts and
circumstances of the case clearly established that the decedent’s
intent was capable of being effectuated without requiring the sale
of the property specifically devised to the Appellant?
Appellant’s Brief at 4-5.
Our standard of review is well settled:
The findings of a judge of the orphans’ court division, sitting
without a jury, must be accorded the same weight and effect as
the verdict of a jury, and will not be reversed by an appellate court
in the absence of an abuse of discretion or a lack of evidentiary
support. This rule is particularly applicable to findings of fact
which are predicated upon the credibility of the witnesses, whom
the judge has had the opportunity to hear and observe, and upon
the weight given to their testimony. In reviewing the [o]rphans’
[c]ourt’s findings, our task is to ensure that the record is free from
legal error and to determine if the [o]rphans’ [c]ourt’s findings are
supported by competent and adequate evidence and are not
predicated upon capricious disbelief of competent and credible
evidence.
In re Estate of Bechtel, 92 A.3d 833, 837 (Pa. Super. 2014).
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Because they are interrelated, we address Appellant’s first two issues
together. Appellant argues that the orphans’ court erred or abused its
discretion in failing to effectuate the decedent’s intent as set forth in his will.
Appellant’s Brief at 20. Appellant asserts that the will devised specific real
estate assets to each of his two children and provided for the division and
distribution of the residuary estate to each. Id. Moreover, Appellant posits,
the will stated that the Estate’s debts and expenses were to be paid from the
residuary estate. Id. at 21. Because the residuary assets were more than
sufficient to meet the Estate’s debts and obligations, Appellant contends, there
was no need or justification for selling the specifically devised properties and
deviating from Decedent’s will. Id. at 21-22, 22-32.
In interpreting a will, this Court has stated: “The testator’s intent is the
polestar in the construction of every will and that intent, if it is not unlawful,
must prevail.” In re Estate of Davis, 128 A.3d 819, 821 (Pa. Super. 2015).
We are cognizant, however, of the following Probate, Estates and Fiduciaries
Code (“Code”) provisions: “If the applicable assets of the estate are
insufficient to pay all proper charges and claims in full, the personal
representative, subject to any preference given by law to claims due the
United States, shall pay them [in particular order as outlined in the statute].”
20 Pa.C.S. § 3392. Further, “the costs delineated in Section 3392, are paid
prior to distribution to beneficiaries.” In re Estate of Davis, 128 A.3d at 822
n.2; see 20 Pa.C.S. § 3541 (delineating order of distribution to pay claimants
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and distributees if assets are insufficient to pay all claimants and distributees
in full).
Furthermore, Section 3353 of the Code provides as follows:
When the personal representative is not authorized to do so by
this title or is denied the power to do so by the governing
instrument, if any, or when it is advisable that a sale have the
effect of a judicial sale, he may sell any real or personal property
of the estate, including property specifically devised, at public or
private sale, or may pledge, mortgage, lease, or exchange any
such property, or grant an option for the sale, lease, or exchange
of any such property, under order of the orphans’ court division of
the county where letters testamentary or of administration were
granted, upon such terms and upon such security and after such
notice as the court shall direct, whenever the court shall find such
sale, pledge, mortgage, lease, exchange, or option to be desirable
for the proper administration and distribution of the estate.
20 Pa.C.S. § 3353.
Thus, while Decedent’s intent as outlined in the will must be complied
with to the extent possible, compliance with all provisions herein was not
possible due to the shortfall in Estate assets. The evidence of record supports
the orphans’ court’s conclusion that there were insufficient funds in the
residuary estate to pay for the Estate’s costs and expenses, contrary to
Appellant’s claims. The orphans’ court made the following determinations:
[T]he [c]ourt held [a] hearing on May 3, 2017 and the transcript
of proceeding provides evidence that the [E]state had a shortfall
of approximately $247,000.00 (hrg.tr. 5-3-17 p. 28-29) if they
did not liquidate the unencumbered asset of [the Henderson
Township Property].6 The testimony was not completed and
another hearing was set for June 1, 2017.7
6 Additionally the withdrawal by [Appellant] of
$114,000.00 cash from [D]ecedent’s bank account
one day after [D]ecedent’s death has deprived the
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[E]state of that available cash without full
development of the reason for such a transaction.
7 The transcript reflects that the [E]state intended to
call at the next hearing witnesses to testify that
substantial cash deposits were made into a FNB
checking account of [D]ecedent the week before
[Decedent’s] death and the day after his death
[Appellant] withdrew $114,000.00. This issue has
been noted by both parties during proceedings and
will undoubtedly lead to further litigation as
[Appellant’s] counsel has stated [Appellant] had
specific valid reasons for doing so. However, no
evidence or testimony of those reasons is reflected
through the direct or cross examination eventually
given by FNB bank personnel as to the deposits and
withdrawals by [Appellant], after the death of his
father.
At the June 1, 2017 hearing, counsel made clear to the court
the parties had negotiated the agreed upon order. The terms were
described on the record, the court conducted an extensive
colloquy of both litigants, [Appellant] and Executor Thomas Hoyne
and proceeded to dictate publicly the terms of the agreement
entered by order of June 1, 2017.
Orphans’ Court Opinion, 12/19/17, at 6-7. The record supports the summary
of evidence as presented by the orphans’ court.
Accordingly, pursuant to 20 Pa.C.S. § 3392, the costs and expenses of
the Estate must be paid before distributions are made to the beneficiaries.
Thus, although Decedent’s will provided for his intent to bequeath his property
to his children, the costs and expenses first must be paid. Furthermore,
pursuant to Section 3353, the personal representative is authorized to sell the
real property specifically bequeathed when necessary to administer an estate.
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In resolving Appellant’s issues, the orphans’ court explained:
Both parties agree that a testator’s intent regarding a specific
bequest must be highly regarded and honored and should only be
disturbed when necessary for the “proper administration and
distribution of the estate”. See 20 Pa.C.S.A. § 3353. In this
instance the approximately $347,000.00 debt of this estate
cannot be met without the sale of [the Henderson Township
Property]. The pushed-out payments that inflate estate assets
include an installment sale to Magnum Broadcasting which
accounts for approximately $300,000.00 in the inventory of assets
of this estate. The contract requires Magnum to pay the [E]state
approximately $4,000/month and they only made one payment in
2016 and only made two payments for the year 2017. Any efforts
of debt collection will adversely affect the FCC license of Magnum,
making any future collections virtually impossible with the closure
of the business.
These unique factual circumstances do not warrant a delay
in creditors receiving their timely claims due from this estate. We
are regrettably constrained to find the sale of [the Henderson
Township Property] necessary.
We acknowledge the strong emotional attachment
[Appellant] has to the “cabin” or [the Henderson Township
property]. For this reason he negotiated an opportunity to buy it
and will continue to have right of first refusal with the
reinstatement of our June 1, 2017 order. It is regrettable the
estate planning of the [D]ecedent was not able to predict the
effect of the push-out payments and its cash impact for the
[E]state. We take note however, that [Appellant] will retain his
other specifically bequeathed property at 201 Shelton Avenue,
Alexandria.
In summary, at the conclusion of the October 30, 2017
hearing, the [E]state owed $347,000.00 in debt and had
$36,000.00 in the [E]state bank account. The [E]state has met
their burden of proof beyond all doubt as to the need to liquidate
the only unencumbered property for the proper administration of
this estate.
Orphans’ Court Opinion, 12/19/17, at 10-11 (emphasis in original).
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We agree. The evidence of record was more than sufficient to establish
that the Estate had debts in excess of the assets of the residuary estate. The
expenses and costs were required to be paid before any assets were
distributed, and Section 3353 of the Code authorizes the personal
representative to sell real property when necessary for the proper
administration of the Estate. Thus, the orphans’ court did not err or abuse its
discretion in determining that the sale of the Henderson Township Property
was necessary in order for the Estate to be properly administered.
We address Appellant’s remaining two issues together. Appellant
asserts that the orphan’s court erred or abused its discretion in failing to
vacate the June 1, 2017, consent order. Appellant’s Brief at 33. Appellant
argues that at the May 3, 2017 hearing, the Executor of the Estate provided
a dismal portrayal of the Estate, indicating a significant shortfall of assets that
could not be met by future payments due the Estate. Id. Based on this
information, Appellant contends, when the parties appeared before the
orphans’ court on June 1, 2017, Appellant and the Executor entered into a
consent order whereby the properties specifically devised to Barbara, and the
Henderson Township property specifically devised to Appellant, would be
offered for sale. Id. According to Appellant, however, neither he nor his
counsel was aware that Barbara had previously disclaimed and renounced her
interest in the properties devised to her, thereby permitting the sale proceeds
to be added to the residuary estate. Id. at 33-34. Appellant further posits
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that there was no mention at the June 1, 2017 proceeding that the Estate had
already entered into a sales agreement for the WTRN radio station and
property two days earlier on May 30, 2017. Id. at 34. Appellant contends
that as a result of these transactions, there were sufficient assets in the
residuary estate to meet the Estate’s obligations without ordering the sale of
the Henderson Township property. Id. at 34-36. Accordingly, Appellant
contends, he agreed to sell the property due to his erroneous belief that the
sale of the Henderson Township property was necessary, and therefore, the
June 1, 2017 consent decree should be set aside. Id. at 34-37.
Our Supreme Court has stated the following with regard to consent
decrees:
A consent decree is not a legal determination by the court
of the matters in controversy but is merely an agreement between
the parties—a contract binding the parties thereto to the terms
thereof[.] As a contract, the court, in the absence of fraud,
accident or mistake, had neither the power nor the authority to
modify or vary the terms set forth....
Lower Frederick Tp. v. Clemmer, 543 A.2d 502, 510 (Pa. 1988). “Since a
judgment by consent is regarded as a contract between the parties, it must
be construed the same as any other contract.” Id.
The orphans’ court provided the following analysis on this issue:
[Appellant] participated in the May 3, 2017 hearing which
fully outlined the [cash] deficit of the [E]state and the [E]state[’s]
intent to sell the radio station. He had full knowledge of the
$12,500/month payments made by Forever of Pa., Inc. as he
benefitted from half of that sum each month (and his sister
received half) since 2009. Executor Hoyne testified that he
continued to honor that practice of the [D]ecedent and was trying
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to not call that cash back to the [E]state.9 (hrg. Tr. 5-3-17 p.
17)[.]
9 In fact, the half payment due to [Appellant,] the
[E]state began to apply to the promissory note
[Appellant] took against the Shelton Avenue home
purchased by [Decedent]. This helped to reduce the
$188,000.00 + debt owed by the [E]state since
[D]ecedent co-signed for that note which also
involved a concurrent mortgage against a property
valued at only $120,000.00.
The agreement of June 1, 2017 gave [Appellant] a 45-day
window to purchase [the Henderson Township property] and have
a right of first refusal thereafter. The fact that [Appellant] did not
or could not purchase the property in that 45-day window (or over
the last six months with any sale on hold due to this litigation)
does not provide an opportunity for him to rewrite the agreement.
Accordingly, [Appellant] has provided no basis of fraud or
mistaken belief that rises to any level required to set aside his
agreement: See, Lundy v Manchel, 865 A.2d 850 (Pa. Super.
2004). Buyer’s remorse is not the equivalent of a legal basis to
reverse an otherwise valid agreement which was confirmed by
court order.
Even should this court find a threshold basis to set aside the
agreement, the outcome would be the same based upon the
testimony and facts provided at the September and October
hearings on the Petition to Set Aside the Agreement.
[Appellant] presented a carefully calculated proposal for
payment of [E]state debts within an additional 12-month period,
assuming the “pushed out” payments were received and the
$12,000/month consulting fee money would be paid to the
[E]state and not the heirs as the decedent had done since 2009.11
Unfortunately, such calculation did not take into account the
pending personal representative fees and attorney fees which
pursuant to 20 Pa.C.S.A.§ 3392 have first priority before any other
claims.
[11] The testimony of executor Thomas Hoyne
indicated the consulting fee money actually is the
property of the [E]state but he has tried to honor the
past practice of [Decedent] to provide income to the
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children, heirs of the [E]state (hrg.tr. 5-3-17 p. 17)
as stated previously.[3]
Orphans’ Court Opinion, 12/19/17, at 8-9. The orphans’ court’s determination
is supported by the evidence of record.
Although Appellant appears to assert that the consent decree was
entered into as a result of his mistaken understanding of the status of various
Estate assets, Appellant has not proven fraud, accident, or mistake that would
permit the court’s intervention. In fact, the orphans’ court stated that
Barbara’s disclaimer of the property specifically bequeathed to her was
recorded of public record in the Blair County Records of Deeds Office on
April 11, 2017, which preceded the June 1, 2017 agreed-upon consent order.
Orphans’ Court Opinion, 12/19/17, at 5. Accordingly, because Appellant has
failed to establish fraud, accident, or mistake, there was no basis to vacate
the order, and indeed, the orphans’ court lacked the power and authority to
modify the terms of the consent order. Lower Frederick Tp., 543 A.2d at
510.
Further, although Appellant maintains that the sale of the property
bequeathed to Barbara and the sale of the WTRN radio station and property
would result in sufficient assets in the residual estate to cover the Estate’s
expenses and costs, thereby not necessitating the sale of the Henderson
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3 It appears from the context of the orphans’ court’s opinion, footnote 10 was
improperly labeled and was in fact footnote 11. The orphans’ court, although
indicating the existence of footnote 10, did not include related text.
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Township property, Appellant fails to establish that contention. Indeed, the
orphans’ court stated in its opinion, based on its findings following the
September and October hearings on Appellant’s petition to set aside the
agreement, that there were additional expenses for which Appellant did not
account. Orphans’ Court Opinion, 12/19/17, at 9.
Additionally, assets that Appellant includes in his calculation of the
residual estate were not assets possessed by the Estate at the time of the
hearings. During argument, Appellant claimed that monthly payments by
Magnum Broadcasting were outstanding and owing to the Estate, and that
those payments would be available to pay outstanding obligations. N.T.,
9/11/17, at 13. As the orphans’ court observed with regard to these
payments, however,
[t]he pushed-out payments that inflate [E]state assets include an
installment sale to Magnum Broadcasting which accounts for
approximately $300,000.00 in the inventory of assets of this
[E]state. The contract requires Magnum to pay the [E]state
approximately $4,000/month and they only made one payment in
2016 and only made two payments for the year 2017. Any efforts
of debt collection will adversely affect the FCC license of Magnum,
making any future collections virtually impossible with the closure
of the business.
Orphans’ Court Opinion, 12/19/17, at 10.
Furthermore, Appellant included in his calculation of Estate assets future
anticipated payments from Laurel Media Inc., which owed a total of
$120,000.00, paid at $30,000.00 per year. N.T., 10/30/17, at 5, 27.
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Testimony provided at the hearing raised the uncertainty of receipt of those
anticipated future payments. Id. at 21.
Thus, given the unaccounted-for expenses and potential lack of
anticipated assets, the sale of the properties bequeathed to Barbara4 and the
sale of the radio station and property, without the sale of the Henderson
Township property, would not necessarily have resulted in sufficient residuary
assets to cover the Estate’s expenses. Accordingly, we cannot agree that
Appellant was mistaken in his belief that sale of the Henderson Township
property was necessary for proper administration of the Estate. To the
contrary, the evidence of record supports the conclusion that at the time of
the hearing, without the sale of the Henderson Township property there was
a shortfall of residual assets. Appellant’s reliance on anticipated future
payments in calculating Estate assets was insufficient to establish that the
Estate had sufficient assets to pay its expenses and debts without the sale of
the Henderson Township property. Thus, the orphans’ court did not err in
denying Appellant’s request to vacate the June 1, 2017 consent order.
Appellant’s claim lacks merit.
Order affirmed.
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4 Again, we note the orphans’ court’s findings of fact indicating that Barbara’s
disclaimer of property specifically bequeathed to her was recorded of public
record in the Blair County Records of Deeds Office on April 11, 2017, which
preceded the June 1, 2017 agreed upon court order. Orphans’ Court Opinion,
12/19/17, at 5.
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Judge Bowes joins this Memorandum.
Judge Strassburger files a Concurring Memorandum.
Judgment Entered.
Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq.
Prothonotary
Date: 5/31/2019
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