NOT FOR PUBLICATION WITHOUT THE
APPROVAL OF THE APPELLATE DIVISION
This opinion shall not "constitute precedent or be binding upon any court ." Although it is posted on the
internet, this opinion is binding only on the parties in the case and its use in other cases is limited . R. 1:36-3.
SUPERIOR COURT OF NEW JERSEY
APPELLATE DIVISION
DOCKET NO. A-1247-17T4
KATIE WINSTEAD,
Plaintiff,
v.
YORKSHIRE VILLAGE, YORKSHIRE
SENIOR CITIZENS PLAZA, LLC,
MIDDLESEX MANAGEMENT,
and HARBORTOWN PORT, LLC,
Defendants-Respondents,
_________________________________
GLORIA BELLAMY, Administrator
Ad Prosequendum for the ESTATE
OF KATIE WINSTEAD,
Plaintiff-Appellant,
v.
LAWRENCEVILLE NURSING &
REHAB CENTER, a/k/a MILLER
HEALTHCARE, LLC and MERWICK
CARE AND REHAB CENTER,
a/k/a MERWICK CARE &
REHABILITATION CENTER, LLC,
Defendants-Respondents.
_________________________________
Argued telephonically November 27, 2018 –
Decided June 5, 2019
Before Judges Nugent and Reisner.
On appeal from Superior Court of New Jersey, Law
Division, Middlesex County, Docket Nos. L-2777-14
and L-3821-15.
John Francis Hanahan argued the cause for appellant
(Rosenbaum & Associates, attorneys for appellant;
John Francis Hanahan, on the brief).
Seth Alan Abrams argued the cause for respondents
(Donnelly Minter & Kelly LLC, attorneys for
respondent; Patrick B. Minter, of counsel; Seth Alan
Abrams and Laura Elizabeth Dallago, on the brief).
PER CURIAM
Katie Winstead died after she filed suit in this personal injury action. Her
daughter, Gloria Bellamy, administratrix ad prosequendum of the estate, appeals
from the order granting summary judgment to defendants, Yorkshire Village,
Yorkshire Senior Citizens Plaza, LLC, Middlesex Management, and
Harbortown Port, LLC (collectively the "Yorkshire Defendants). 1 Our review
of the record leads us to conclude that a genuinely disputed issue of material
1
According to the Yorkshire Defendants' interrogatory answers, the Yorkshire
Defendants are all limited liability companies. We use the names the parties
used in the pleadings and in the trial court. Plaintiff's claims against the other
defendants in the consolidated action were dismissed by way of a stipulation or
settlement.
A-1247-17T4
2
fact should have precluded summary judgment. Hence we reverse and remand
for trial.
Plaintiff's decedent was injured when she fell as she walked through the
exterior entry doors of the Yorkshire Village apartments, where plaintiff lived. 2
The entry door involved in the accident was one of a pair; it was on the left as
one entered, and swung open to the exterior and to the right as one stood inside.
The door was automatic and it had been malfunctioning.
Decedent walked with the assistance of a walker. Plaintiff witnessed the
accident. Her account is the one we accept under our standard of review, which
requires us to apply the same standard as the trial judge by construing the
summary judgment record in the light most favorable to plaintiff as the non-
moving party. Petro-Lubricant Testing Labs., Inc. v. Adelman, 233 N.J. 236,
256 (2018); R. 4:46-2(c). Plaintiff explained that her mother lost her balance
and fell as "she was reaching for the door." She said:
All I recall is she tried to grab the door because the door
was sweeping back and forth. She thought it was going
to hit her, so she was trying to grab it to prevent it from
hitting her.
2
The trial court's summary judgment decision did not address which defendants
owned and controlled the operation of the apartment complex.
A-1247-17T4
3
When pressed, plaintiff admitted she was assuming decedent thought the
door was going to hit her. She repeated, however, that decedent "grabbed at the
door" when she lost her balance and fell.
There was no dispute about the door malfunctioning. When deposed,
plaintiff testified the door had malfunctioned periodically since she had moved
into the apartment years before. She had notified management. The door would
get stuck in the open position, but oscillate, or as plaintiff described it, sweep
back and forth. Another resident attested to the malfunction. Plaintiff's expert
wrote in his report that the failure to perform daily and yearly safety inspections,
which would have disclosed the "loose arm" causing the malfunction,
proximately caused the accident.
The trial judge appears to have determined the door's malfunction was not
a proximate cause of the accident because decedent, using her walker, could
have gone through the door without touching it and therefore did not have a
reasonable fear of being struck by it. But a trial court's determination that a
party is entitled to summary judgment as a matter of law is not entitled to any
"special deference" and is subject to de novo review. Cypress Point Condo.
Ass'n v. Adria Towers, LLC, 226 N.J. 403, 415 (2016) (citation omitted).
Indisputably, "[a] landlord has a duty to exercise reasonable care to guard
against foreseeable dangers arising from use of those portions of the rental
A-1247-17T4
4
property over which the landlord retains control. That duty requires the landlord
to maintain that property in a reasonably safe condition." Scully v. Fitzgerald,
179 N.J. 114, 121-22 (2004) (citations omitted). "A landlord's duty of care to
protect a tenant extends to people who are in the premises with the tenant's
consent." J.H. v. R&M Tagliareni, LLC, 454 N.J. Super. 174, 182 (App. Div.
2018).
Considering the motion record here, a reasonable jury could determine
defendants breached their duty of care to plaintiff's decedent by failing to inspect
and repair the malfunctioning door. There is no dispute decedent was injured
and sustained damages. That leaves the issue of proximate cause. "Ordinarily,
issues of proximate cause are considered to be jury questions." Broach-Butts v.
Therapeutic Alts., Inc., 456 N.J. Super. 25, 39 (App. Div. 2018) (quoting Perez
v. Wyeth Labs. Inc., 161 N.J. 1, 27 (1999)). In other words, "[w]hile the
existence of a duty is a question of law to be determined by the court, whether
the landlord breached that duty and created an unreasonable and foreseeable risk
of harm to the plaintiff is a question for a jury." J.H., 454 N.J. Super. at 182.
Contrary to the trial court's opinion, a jury need not find decedent was in
fear of the door striking her to find proximate causation. The jury could
determine that decedent lost her balance as she instinctively reached toward the
door as it oscillated toward her. We also reject defendants' argument that
A-1247-17T4
5
plaintiff was unable to say whether the door had any impact on decedent falling
over. Based on the timing and sequence of events, a jury could reasonably infer
that the elderly decedent, who required the assistance of a walker, lost her
balance when she instinctively and protectively extended her arm as a
malfunctioning automatic door swung toward her, even if ever so slightly.
Reversed and remanded for trial. We do not retain jurisdiction.
A-1247-17T4
6
KATIE WINSTEAD VS. YORKSHIRE VILLAGE (L-2777-14 AND L-3821-15, MIDDLESEX COUNTY AND STATEWIDE)
Combined Opinion